This dated narrative contains pending corrections. Read the notes, then expand the original text.
S_AZ PASS-12 — Interest, usury, contractual charges, and judgment interest
This pass establishes a conditional rate-and-charge framework, not one Arizona ceiling that applies to every consumer debt. The governing rule depends on the transaction, creditor, written agreement, applicable special statute, and relevant date. Ordinary contract interest, regulated consumer-loan charges, credit-card charges, and judgment interest require separate tests.
All research reported here was accessed on October 27, 2026, in both UTC and Pacific time. Logged session clock checks ran from 15:48:13 UTC / 08:48:13 PDT to 16:19:17 UTC / 09:19:17 PDT. Individual source-opening timestamps were not logged and are unknown. October 22 is the requested baseline, not this pass’s verification date.
The principal findings are:
- Ordinary Arizona obligations: A.R.S. § 44-1201(A)(2) supplies 10% annually unless a different rate is contracted for in writing, subject to other applicable law. That does not eliminate special consumer-loan restrictions or establish interest entitlement where the parties never contemplated interest. C003–C005.
- Charges require their own authority. A permissible agreed interest rate does not automatically authorize a processing fee, insurance charge, late fee, collection expense, or attorney charge. Several statutes expressly limit additional charges. C006–C030.
- Historical usury cases remain useful for classification and proof, but their former 8% ceiling is not a current Arizona ceiling. A charge can also fail as an unenforceable penalty without making the entire loan usurious or void. C031–C044.
- Federal bank rules are actor-dependent. Charter, location, loan origination, applicable state law, and transfer facts matter. A “bank partner” or purchaser label proves none of those predicates. The federal transfer-interest rules and the disapproved OCC true-lender rule are distinct instruments. C050–C062.
- For an otherwise qualifying new judgment entered October 27, 2026, the freshly read October 26 Federal Reserve H.15 release shows a 7.00% bank prime rate. The current statutory calculation is therefore min(10%, 1% + 7%) = 8%. A lawful written contract rate can instead govern. This is a conditional illustration, not a determination concerning any actual judgment. C070–C072; M04.
- A material federal credit-card currentness conflict remains held. Official pages display incompatible late-fee figures, and a CFPB report states that the 2024 late-fee rule was vacated. The actual vacatur order and a reconciled current adjustment chain were not read. No displayed federal card late-fee dollar amount is adopted as operative here. C066.
These conclusions rest on the sources and qualifications below. azleg.gov+4
1. Reading conventions and scope
Identifiers beginning S_AZ-P12-S are source records; identifiers beginning S_AZ-P12-C are claims. Short references such as S002 and C003 below refer only to this pass’s corresponding full identifiers.
Claim types:
- T: directly read statutory or regulatory text.
- J: published judicial holding, within its posture and operative version.
- I: stated inference from those sources.
- X: conditional fictional calculation.
- G: unresolved evidence or application gap.
“High” confidence means confidence in the bounded text or holding described. It does not certify every amendment, later case, transaction fact, or application.
The full literal URLs are in the source register. Multiple sections grouped under one statutory compilation are not independent corroborating documents. Repeated descriptions in the case, currentness, and coverage tables are tracking views of the same evidence.
2. Atomic claim and legal-evidence matrix
2.1 Arizona architecture, ordinary obligations, and special charge regimes
| Claim ID |
Actor, event, rule, and consequence |
Conditions, units, proof, and limits |
Exact authority |
Type / confidence |
| S_AZ-P12-C001 |
The constitutional provisions read protect contractual obligations and prescribe enactment/initiative mechanisms; they do not themselves supply the numerical ordinary-loan rate used in this report. |
A complete constitutional amendment inventory was not established. No constitutional numerical ceiling is invented. Contract protection does not validate an otherwise unenforceable penalty. |
S001, art. II § 25; art. IV pt. 1 § 1; S025, ¶¶ 40–41. |
T/J/G; high within read scope |
| S_AZ-P12-C002 |
Arizona statutes are not retroactive unless expressly declared; the applicable enactment and its transition language therefore matter. |
This is not a substitute for construing a particular transition clause. General effective-date tables must be read with each act’s own provisions. |
S006, § 1-244; S001, art. IV pt. 1 § 1(3); S009. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C003 |
For an ordinary loan, indebtedness, or other obligation within § 44-1201(A)(2), interest is 10% annually unless a different rate is contracted for in writing; a lawful written agreed rate governs. |
“Any rate” in this general provision does not displace a genuinely applicable special statute. Agreement, scope, and lawful rate remain proof questions. |
S002, § 44-1201(A)(2); S024. |
T/J; high, conditional application |
| S_AZ-P12-C004 |
Absence of an agreed interest rate is not always an entitlement to interest throughout the loan term. |
Fleming upheld the finding that interest was not contemplated on the oral family loans; it separately addressed prejudgment interest after demand. Negotiable instruments have their own text in C047. |
S026, ¶¶ 14–19. |
J; high, fact-specific |
| S_AZ-P12-C005 |
General rate deregulation did not erase independent consumer-loan restrictions. |
Aros concerned historical licensed loans and non-interest restrictions; it does not decide every modern charge or actor classification. |
S024, material majority pp. 2–13. |
J; high, historical version |
| S_AZ-P12-C006 |
A non-Title-6-Chapter-5 closed-end loan with principal no greater than $5,000 falls within § 44-1205(A)’s special provisions. |
Contract-rate interest may use the authorized actuarial or precomputed method. This threshold is not the separate Title 6 consumer-loan threshold. |
S002, § 44-1205(A)(1). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C007 |
For that § 44-1205(A) loan, a delinquency charge may be imposed on an installment not fully paid within ten days, up to the lesser of 5% of the installment or $10. |
Requires the correct transaction class and actual installment/due/payment facts. It is not the Title 6 seven-day rule. |
S002, § 44-1205(A)(2). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C008 |
Certain non-card revolving accounts with agreed credit limits no greater than $10,000 fall under § 44-1205(B). |
Consumer revolving loans governed by Title 6 and check-loan accounts are excluded from the described loan route. Monthly-billing or actual-daily balances and the separate ten-day delinquency provision apply as stated. |
S002, § 44-1205(B). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C009 |
Under the qualifying state credit-card route, specified contract-authorized charges may be collected as interest and included in account balances. |
Section C lists periodic, transaction, minimum-interest, late, returned-payment, stop-payment, overlimit, document, account-administration, and electronic/interchange charges. Sections D and G restrict classification and election. Federal limits remain separate. |
S002, § 44-1205(C), (D), (G). |
T; high, federal overlay unresolved where noted |
| S_AZ-P12-C010 |
For § 44-1205(A)–(C) loans, additional service/expense charges are restricted; a charge is not permitted merely because a third party actually received it. |
Section E lists authorized actual lawful expenses and exceptions. Collection referral permits the stated costs, expenses, and reasonable outside-attorney fees. Receiving aggregate charges above the section’s authorization makes the loan usurious under its express text. |
S002, § 44-1205(E). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C011 |
Full prepayment of a qualifying precomputed § 44-1205(A) loan requires the prescribed unearned-interest rebate; the Rule of 78s is prohibited. |
Written day-count choices include specified 30/360 or daily conventions. No one convention is imposed on every Arizona loan. |
S002, § 44-1205(A)(1)–(2), (H). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C012 |
Retail installment and retail charge classifications depend on the transaction definitions, not a lender’s label. |
Section 44-6001 defines cash price, finance charge, goods, holder, principal balance, retail installment transaction, retail seller, and services. Its goods definition excludes motor vehicles; “commercial” versus consumer treatment must be separately identified. |
S002, § 44-6001. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C013 |
A qualifying retail installment contract may use the agreed finance-charge rate and authorized computation method. |
Full prepayment requires the statutory unearned-charge rebate; the Rule of 78s is prohibited. This is credit-sale law, not proof that every sale is a cash loan. |
S002, § 44-6002(A)–(B). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C014 |
The retail consumer delinquency provisions use $5 for an installment of $25 or less and $10 for a larger installment, under the stated ten-day condition. |
The commercial-transaction provision is different. Do not substitute its percentage charge for a consumer charge or combine mutually alternative methods. |
S002, § 44-6002(B), (F), (G), (J). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C015 |
Retail charge-account finance charges depend on the authorized balance method and billing cycle; the text also contains a 50-cent minimum-finance-charge provision. |
The balance-method and account qualifications must be met. A credit-card account may invoke a different whole-statute election under § 44-1205(D). |
S002, § 44-6002(D)–(F); § 44-1205(D). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C016 |
Dishonored-payment charges require actual dishonor and the correct statutory branch. |
Section 44-6852 states up to $25 plus actual institution charges, subject to its exception. Section 44-6002(H) uses a different retail formula. Their application to a particular overlapping transaction was not authoritatively reconciled; no stacking is assumed. |
S002, §§ 44-6852, 44-6002(H); S007, limited cross-reference read. |
T/G; amounts read, overlap held |
| S_AZ-P12-C017 |
Title 6 consumer-lending classification uses individual personal/family/household purpose and defined principal/credit-limit thresholds. |
Closed-end principal and revolving limit thresholds are generally $10,000 in the definitions. Regular-business and Arizona-resident activity predicates also matter; fees are treated as specified for the threshold. |
S003, § 6-601(4)–(9), (16). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C018 |
Title 6 exemptions and activity limitations must be tested before its rate rules are applied. |
Section 6-602 contains institution-, activity-, amount-, and out-of-state-related qualifications. Section 6-603 prohibits evasion of its licensing predicate. No actual actor is classified here. |
S003, §§ 6-602, 6-603(A)–(B). |
T/G; text high, actual status held |
| S_AZ-P12-C019 |
A qualifying licensee’s closed-end consumer loan is subject to the § 6-632(A) rate structure. |
Up to $3,000: 36% consumer-loan rate. Above $3,000: 36% on the initial $3,000 and 24% above it, or the specified scheduled-maturity blended alternative. A simple weighted rate for one balance is not automatically the amortizing-loan blend. |
S003, § 6-632(A)(1)–(2). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C020 |
A qualifying consumer revolving loan uses the § 6-632(B) periodic-rate structure. |
Limits no greater than $3,000 use the stated 36% annual equivalent. For higher limits, the outstanding-balance tiers are 36% through $3,000 and 24% above, or the prescribed monthly blend. |
S003, § 6-632(B). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C021 |
A qualifying variable consumer revolving rate must use an index outside the licensee’s control. |
Unless readily verifiable by the consumer, the adjustment requires conspicuous notice at least one monthly cycle beforehand. Movement is limited to three percentage points in twelve consecutive months and seven above/below the initial rate. |
S003, § 6-632(C). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C022 |
The qualifying Title 6 origination fee is no more than 5% of principal or agreed revolving limit, capped at $150. |
No new origination fee on the specified refinancing/renegotiation within one year of collecting a prior fee; no such fee with the specified residence-secured points charge. |
S003, § 6-635(A)(4). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C023 |
The Title 6 delinquency charge is 5% of an installment not fully paid within seven days after its due date. |
Correct loan classification, installment amount, due date, and actual credit date are necessary. It is not a universal Arizona late-fee formula. |
S003, § 6-635(A)(1). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C024 |
Title 6 permits only its enumerated finance charges and additional amounts. |
Actual qualifying third-party/security expenses, authorized insurance and deferral fees, court costs, and reasonable non-salaried outside-attorney fees have separate predicates. Section C prohibits further direct or indirect amounts. Secured-enforcement expense cross-references remain deferred. |
S003, § 6-635(A)–(C). |
T/G; high within read provisions |
| S_AZ-P12-C025 |
Title 6 insurance charges require the statutory product, voluntariness, disclosure, and insurer/agent predicates. |
Except the stated security-property coverage, insurance is optional. Written cancellation within thirty days after the loan is made triggers the stated full-premium refund. Other unearned-premium calculations incorporate provisions not fully read here. |
S003, § 6-636(A)–(I); S015, R20-4-534. |
T/G; bounded high |
| S_AZ-P12-C026 |
Title 6 separates unpaid principal, authorized financed fees, and finance charges; it prohibits compounding finance charges. |
The statute authorizes specified daily/monthly methods. Actuarial payments apply first to finance charges and then principal. A precomputed loan is not deemed compounding merely because it is precomputed. |
S003, §§ 6-601(1), 6-633(A)–(D). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C027 |
Precomputed consumer loans have specific installment, prepayment, deferral, and acceleration-rebate rules. |
The statutory 30/360 convention and actuarial rebate must not be replaced with a generic payoff formula. Authorized deferral charges depend on deferred amount and time; acceleration requires the specified unearned-charge treatment. |
S003, § 6-634; S015, R20-4-503, -508. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C028 |
Deferral administration cannot be used to manufacture an additional charge where the rule requires application of a sufficient payment to the delinquent installment and late charges. |
The rules require a deferral statement and specified loan/insurance records. These are record and transaction duties, not proof any actual charge was earned. |
S015, R20-4-518, -519, -524, -534. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C029 |
Section 6-632(F)’s protection for specified preexisting loans modified with no more than $100 in new cash traces to the 2014 amendment. |
The act and general effective-date table support July 24, 2014. The Legislative Council’s suggested date clarification is a recommendation, not an enacted textual amendment. Actual loan and modification dates remain necessary. |
S010, § 2; S009; S011, printed p. 19/PDF index 22; S003, § 6-632(F). |
T/I; high date chain, conditional facts |
| S_AZ-P12-C030 |
A Title 6 “consumer loan rate,” federal disclosure APR, and total cash cost are not interchangeable measurements. |
The state definition excludes specified points/fees from its consumer-loan-rate measure; federal APR depends on its own finance-charge and timing rules. Neither a disclosed APR nor a net-cash ratio alone establishes state usury. |
S003, § 6-601(2), (3), (8), (11); S041, §§ 1026.4, 1026.22(a)(1). |
T/I; high |
The statutory distinctions above are consequential: the general written-rate provision coexists with express limits on particular charges and products. The current § 44-1205 and § 6-635 bodies expressly restrict additional charges; the latter’s $150 origination cap is supported by the read statute and amendment, not an inflation calculation. azleg.gov+3
2.2 Charge characterization, proof, remedies, and nonbank assignment boundaries
| Claim ID |
Actor, event, rule, and consequence |
Conditions, proof, and limits |
Exact authority |
Type / confidence |
| S_AZ-P12-C031 |
A lender cannot necessarily remove compensation from interest by calling it a service fee. |
Grady distinguished reasonable specific services/expenses from general overhead or percentage charges; a claimed separate legal-services bonus required factual determination. Its numerical ceiling was historical. |
S018, 94 Ariz. at 254–58. |
J; high, historical rate |
| S_AZ-P12-C032 |
Reasonableness and actual services matter to fee characterization; unused/prepaid service fees do not automatically prove usury. |
Altherr placed the reasonableness burden on the recipient after prima facie excess was shown and addressed refund/credit of unused fees. Actual fee purpose, services, and full transaction matter. |
S019, 104 Ariz. at 61–65. |
J; high, historical transaction |
| S_AZ-P12-C033 |
Substance controls whether a purported sale is actually a loan or forbearance. |
Britz applied intent, money, loan/forbearance, absolute repayment, and excessive-return elements. Unequivocal excessive terms supported an intent presumption; awareness of illegality was unnecessary. No general clear-and-convincing standard was established in this pass. |
S020, 87 Ariz. at 390–94. |
J/G; high bounded holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C034 |
A borrower-controlled default contingency did not make the Small transaction usurious at inception on its facts. |
The creditor waived capitalized interest and sought actual advances plus the stated rate. This is not a safe harbor for every late fee, accelerated unearned charge, or penalty. |
S021, 90 Ariz. at 195–202. |
J; high, narrow |
| S_AZ-P12-C035 |
Charging beyond the agreement may raise a usury issue, but Wieman did not decide that the loan was usurious. |
It reversed attorney sanctions because the defense was arguable after deregulation. Treating it as a merits judgment would overstate the holding. |
S017, 166 Ariz. at 285–86. |
J; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C036 |
A liquidated-damages charge is tested against anticipated or actual loss and difficulty of proving loss; the challenger bears the penalty burden identified in Dobson. |
No universal percentage safe harbor. The inquiry is distinct from the interest-rate test. |
S025, ¶¶ 9–17. |
J; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C037 |
Dobson invalidated the challenged balloon-payment late charge as an unenforceable penalty. |
Existing default interest and collection-cost compensation mattered. The decision did not void the whole loan; provable uncompensated actual damages remained possible. |
S025, ¶¶ 21–42. |
J; high, commercial facts |
| S_AZ-P12-C038 |
A reasonable attorney-fee award in a contested contract action is discretionary under § 12-341.01. |
Successful-party status, reasonableness, and statutory limits must be established; a requested fee is not automatically an account charge or judgment award. |
S005, § 12-341.01(A)–(C). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C039 |
A person contracting for, reserving, or receiving excessive interest on a loan or forbearance under § 44-1202 forfeits all interest. |
Requires an applicable legal maximum and the statutory violation. It is not a universal principal-forfeiture provision. |
S002, § 44-1202. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C040 |
Payments of usurious interest or inducements, including qualifying advance deductions, are credited against principal under § 44-1203. |
The lender’s recovery is limited to remaining principal without interest under that provision. Actual receipt/deduction and usury classification must be proved. |
S002, § 44-1203. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C041 |
Section 44-1204 permits the specified setoff/counterclaim and recovery of payments exceeding principal. |
Its first paragraph permits an excess judgment with 10% annual interest; its second permits an action for the excess. This pass did not establish the independent-action limitation period or every interest-start issue. No automatic double recovery. |
S002, § 44-1204, both paragraphs. |
T/G; high text, clock held |
| S_AZ-P12-C042 |
Title 6 has materially different remedies for prohibited consumer-loan charges. |
Subject to the accidental/bona-fide-error exception, § 6-613(A) distinguishes closed-end principal or revolving aggregate advances of $5,000 or less from larger amounts. The smaller category’s voidability/no-principal-or-charge consequences must not be generalized to the larger category. |
S003, § 6-613(A). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C043 |
A loan made without a required Title 6 license has the separate voidness/no-collection-or-retention consequence stated in § 6-613(B). |
Whether a license was required is an indispensable predicate. This report makes no actual licensing finding and does not reuse PASS-06. |
S003, §§ 6-602, 6-603, 6-613(B). |
T/G; high text |
| S_AZ-P12-C044 |
Transamerica recognized the historical borrower’s contract action under the consumer-loan scheme without requiring administrative exhaustion. |
It rejected dismissal, not found every alleged violation true. Together with Aros, it supports treating special statutory duties seriously, not an automatic modern damages judgment. |
S023, 158 Ariz. at 116–18; S024. |
J; high, historical provisions |
| S_AZ-P12-C045 |
Article 3 holder rules first require a qualifying negotiable instrument. |
A generic account, credit-card statement, or portfolio sale is not automatically such an instrument. Fixed-money, payment, undertaking, and other § 47-3104 predicates matter. |
S004, §§ 47-3102, 47-3104. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C046 |
Holder-in-due-course protection is conditional, not a generic assignee immunity. |
Value, good faith, notice, overdue/default, bulk-transfer, and preserved consumer-law conditions matter. Section 47-3305 distinguishes defenses, including illegality that nullifies the obligation under other law. Actual HDC status, consumer-holder rules, and specific usury effects remain held. |
S004, §§ 47-3302, 47-3305(A)–(C). |
T/G; high predicates |
| S_AZ-P12-C047 |
For a qualifying instrument, interest must be provided by the instrument; the rate may be fixed, variable, or externally described. |
If the specified amount cannot be ascertained, § 47-3112 supplies its stated judgment-rate fallback at the relevant place/time. This is not the rule for every consumer account. |
S004, § 47-3112. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C048 |
Burr upheld the selected Colorado rate on the substantial-relationship facts before it. |
Loan preparation, disbursement, repayment location, historical rates, and absence of evasion mattered. It does not establish that any choice clause defeats current Arizona consumer protection. |
S022, 105 Ariz. at 550. |
J; high, limited choice holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C049 |
Qualifying federally insured or guaranteed loans can invoke the special exemption in § 44-1206. |
Actual program, insurance/guarantee, transaction, and federal conditions were not established. The provision is a boundary, not permission for an ordinary unlabeled loan. |
S002, § 44-1206. |
T/G; high text |
The fee-characterization cases were read as judicial opinions, not headnotes. Their older ceilings are expressly historical. Dobson supplies a separate penalty analysis, while Wieman supplies only the narrower sanctions/arguability holding stated above. law.justia.com+5
2.3 Federal actor gates, exportation, transfer, and disclosure distinctions
| Claim ID |
Actor, event, rule, and consequence |
Conditions, units, and limits |
Exact authority |
Type / confidence |
| S_AZ-P12-C050 |
A genuine national bank’s interest authority begins with 12 U.S.C. § 85. |
Bank location, applicable state allowance, statutory alternative rate, and most-favored-lender conditions must be established. A consumer’s residence or a purchaser’s label does not establish them. |
S030, § 85; S031, § 7.4001. |
T; high predicates |
| S_AZ-P12-C051 |
Marquette permitted the national bank to charge its home-state-authorized rate to out-of-state card customers on the facts before the Court. |
The bank’s relevant operations were in Nebraska; customer residence did not relocate it. Modern multi-location and true-originator questions are not decided by that fact pattern alone. |
S045, 439 U.S. at 301–04, 308–19. |
J; high bounded holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C052 |
Federal “interest” for § 85 includes specified nonperiodic charges, including late fees. |
Smiley upheld the OCC interpretation. Section 7.4001 distinguishes credit/default compensation from ordinarily excluded appraisal, insurance, finder, document, notary, and credit-report charges. These are federal classifications, not universal Arizona exclusions. |
S046, 517 U.S. at 737–47; S031, § 7.4001(a). |
J/T; high, later-review caveat C082 |
| S_AZ-P12-C053 |
Insured state-bank rate authority is separately governed by § 1831d and FDIC rules. |
Insured status, state/location, rate authority, loan-making facts, relevant opt-out questions, and material conditions must be proved. Definitions incorporated from other statutes were not exhaustively read. |
S030, § 1831d(a); S032, §§ 331.2–331.4. |
T/G; high text |
| S_AZ-P12-C054 |
Federal savings-association rate authority follows its own statute and regulation. |
Section 1463(g) and § 160.110 do not establish that a merely affiliated nonbank is the qualifying association. |
S030, § 1463(g)(1); S031, § 160.110. |
T/G; high text |
| S_AZ-P12-C055 |
The read OCC and FDIC rules preserve permissible interest through specified transfers. |
Permission at origination is indispensable. The rules do not themselves determine the true lender, authenticate a charter, validate every fee, or resolve all subsequent litigation/opt-out questions. |
S031, §§ 7.4001(e), 160.110(d); S032, § 331.4(e); S034–S035. |
T/G; high text, application held |
| S_AZ-P12-C056 |
Congress disapproved the separate 2020 OCC true-lender rule in 2021. |
Public Law 117-24 identifies that rule as having no force or effect. It does not identify the separate permissible-interest-on-transfer rule as the disapproved instrument. |
S036, 135 Stat. 296. |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C057 |
Section 86 supplies the national-bank usury consequences for knowingly excessive interest. |
Forfeiture concerns interest; paid interest can support twice the interest paid, recoverable from the bank by the statutory claimant. The text uses two years from the usurious transaction. Actual payment and transaction timing are necessary. |
S030, § 86. |
T; high; no actual recovery finding |
| S_AZ-P12-C058 |
Section 1831d(b) supplies its distinct insured-state-bank remedy where its preemption conditions apply. |
Knowingly excessive interest, actual payment, statutory claimant/defendant, and the text’s two-years-after-payment condition must be established. Do not substitute § 86’s wording. |
S030, § 1831d(b). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C059 |
Section 1463(g)(2) contains the savings-association remedy. |
It distinguishes interest forfeiture from twice-interest-paid recovery and specifies its payment-based two-year condition. It is not a remedy automatically available against any later collector. |
S030, § 1463(g)(2). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C060 |
For ordinary qualifying federal-credit-union loans, the statute’s 15% framework permits a Board-established higher temporary ceiling. |
The official February 2026 letter extends the 18% ceiling through September 10, 2027. Specialized PAL exceptions are not fully analyzed. State-chartered credit unions are not automatically FCUs. |
S030, § 1757(5)(A)(vi)–(vii); S033, § 701.21(c)(7); S038. |
T/official notice; high bounded ceiling |
| S_AZ-P12-C061 |
The 2026 NCUA rule places material federal-credit-union preemption provisions in § 701.5. |
The interim final rule’s effective date is June 30, 2026. Preserved state subjects and fee-safety/soundness conditions remain material; the rule is not a general exemption for any business calling itself a credit union. |
S033, § 701.5(a)–(d); S037. |
T/G; high text, litigation history not certified |
| S_AZ-P12-C062 |
The FCU statutory usury remedy differs from the bank double-interest provisions. |
Section 1757 provides forfeiture and recovery of the entire interest paid under its knowing-violation predicates, with a two-year-from-collection condition. It does not say twice the interest paid. |
S030, § 1757(5)(A)(viii)–(ix). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C063 |
Regulation Z’s finance-charge classification is a disclosure classification, not an Arizona fee authorization. |
Its exclusions include certain application fees and unanticipated late/default charges; a discount not passed to the consumer is treated differently from a consumer-imposed charge. Coverage and exact facts remain necessary. |
S041, § 1026.4(a), (b)(1)–(2), (c)(1)–(2), official comment 4(a)-2.i. |
T; high within read portions |
| S_AZ-P12-C064 |
A disclosure APR measures credit cost through amount and timing; it is not automatically the legal usury numerator or ceiling. |
The applicable state statute may include/exclude charges differently. The general TILA state-law provision at 15 U.S.C. § 1610 was not recovered. |
S041, § 1026.22(a)(1), comments 1–4; S003, § 6-601; S049. |
T/I/G; high distinction |
| S_AZ-P12-C065 |
Covered consumer credit-card rate/fee increases face § 1026.55 restrictions and qualified exceptions. |
Public uncontrolled-index changes, promotional periods, delinquency, and workout arrangements have different conditions. The read delinquency exception uses sixty days and six subsequent timely minimum payments. Necessary § 1026.9 notice bodies were not fully read; no actual increase is cleared. |
S042, § 1026.55(a), (b)(1)–(5), (c)–(e). |
T/G; high read text |
| S_AZ-P12-C066 |
No current numerical federal credit-card late-fee cap is selected in this pass. |
CFPB and eCFR displays conflict, and S043 reports an April 2025 vacatur. The actual order, precise affected text, surviving rule, and current adjustment notice remain necessary. The report is not the judgment itself. |
S041–S043; S043 § 2.2.2, printed p. 26/PDF index 25. |
G; explicit hold |
| S_AZ-P12-C067 |
Most-favored-lender analysis cannot cherry-pick a rate while ignoring legally material conditions. |
Arizona expressly treats specified revolving-account terms and conditions as material; federal rules also address the conditions associated with the relevant lender class. |
S002, § 44-1205(F); S031, § 7.4001(b). |
T; high |
The transfer rules, statutory remedies, and actor classifications above are separate. The read federal sources do not establish the charter, originator, location, or rights of any actual lender or purchaser. uscode.house.gov+7
2.4 Prejudgment interest, judgment interest, allocation, and currentness
| Claim ID |
Actor, event, rule, and consequence |
Conditions, units, and limits |
Exact authority |
Type / confidence |
| S_AZ-P12-C068 |
A liquidated claim can support prejudgment interest even when liability is disputed. |
The amount must be calculable from data without reliance on opinion or discretion under the read holdings. A statement or demand does not itself prove the amount legally due. |
S026, ¶¶ 17–19; S027, ¶ 11. |
J; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C069 |
The prejudgment-interest starting event requires the governing obligation and demand/due facts. |
Fleming used demand for the loans before it. It does not make loan origination or last payment the universal accrual date. Settlement terms may make payment due on a different event. |
S026, ¶¶ 17–19; S028, 170 Ariz. at 78–80. |
J/G; bounded high |
| S_AZ-P12-C070 |
A judgment based on a written agreement bearing a lawful agreed rate uses that rate and must specify it. |
The ordinary statutory judgment-rate cap is not automatically imposed on that lawful contract-rate branch. Actual agreement and judgment terms remain essential. |
S002, § 44-1201(A)(2), (B). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C071 |
The otherwise applicable § 44-1201(B) rate is the lesser of 10% annually or one percentage point above the specified H.15 prime rate. |
The freshly read October 26, 2026 release reports 7.00%; the conditional resulting rate for the illustrated October 27 judgment is 8.00%. |
S002, § 44-1201(B); S044. |
T/X; high conditional calculation |
| S_AZ-P12-C072 |
A change in the statutory prime-based judgment rate takes effect on the first business day after Federal Reserve publication; the judgment’s specified rate does not subsequently change. |
The 2024 amendment replaced the previous entry-date wording. Actual publication, business-day, and judgment-entry facts must be known. |
S008, § 1; S009; S002, § 44-1201(B). |
T; high |
| S_AZ-P12-C073 |
Section 44-1201 separately restricts prejudgment interest on unliquidated/future/punitive/exemplary damages and interest on future/punitive/exemplary damages. |
Medical debt and condemnation have separate provisions. They are boundaries here, not ordinary-debt rate substitutes. |
S002, § 44-1201(A)(1), (C)–(G). |
T/G; high ordinary boundary |
| S_AZ-P12-C074 |
A rate provision alone does not authorize periodic capitalization of interest. |
Metzler states that § 44-1201 does not provide for compound interest. Whether particular awarded pre-interest, costs, or fees are part of a new judgment’s interest-bearing base was not completely resolved here. M04 avoids that uncertainty. |
S027, ¶ 22; S003, § 6-633(C). |
J/T/G; bounded high |
| S_AZ-P12-C075 |
For the involuntary judgment payment in Paloma, absent contrary agreement or statute, payment applied first to accrued interest and then principal. |
The court distinguished voluntary-payment allocation. Actual payment, applicable order, and contrary statutory/agreement provisions remain necessary. |
S029, ¶¶ 24–26 & nn. 7–8. |
J; high bounded holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C076 |
Metzler treated the accepted unconditional payment covering the judgment and interest as extinguishing the obligation on its facts. |
It expressly did not decide the general effect of an unaccepted tender. An offer, escrow hold, or withheld amount is not treated here as a creditor payment. |
S027, ¶ 26. |
J/I; high limited holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C077 |
McKeon enforced a settlement’s payment contingency and declined to add interest the agreement did not provide before payment became due. |
It is not a holding that an appeal or stay universally stops interest. General stay, appeal, deposit, and supersedeas effects remain held. |
S028, 170 Ariz. at 78–80. |
J/G; high bounded holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C078 |
The 2011 judgment-rate amendment cannot simply be applied to every existing judgment. |
Paloma preserved the earlier judgment’s rate under the transition clause; Metzler addressed a new judgment after the earlier one was vacated. The original 2011 act failed on both official routes; the transition is reported here through the read opinions. |
S029, ¶¶ 19–22; S027, ¶ 25; S048. |
J/G; high holdings, enactment body held |
| S_AZ-P12-C079 |
The 2025 and 2026 official affected-statute tables were screened for the relevant Title 6 and Title 44 provisions. |
They are amendment indexes, not complete operative bodies or a no-later-law certificate. The discovered SB1689 draft was not used as law. The original 1980 act remains unread. |
S013–S014; S051; S017. |
Index/G; bounded screen |
| S_AZ-P12-C080 |
The read Proposition 209 text contains medical-interest changes and prospective/contract-protection language. |
The official pamphlet is pre-election enacted-text evidence; the proclamation/effective-date chain was not freshly completed. No medical or old-contract rate is selected from it here. |
S012, §§ 7–10, printed pp. 106–107/PDF indexes 105–106. |
T/G; text read, commencement held |
| S_AZ-P12-C081 |
The relevant Article 5 administrative rules were read in the posted Code and against the 2023 final notice. |
The final notice gives October 7, 2023 effectiveness; September 1 publication is not that effective date. Current printed compilation is Supplement 25-4. |
S015–S016. |
T; high read chain |
| S_AZ-P12-C082 |
Loper Bright changed the judicial deference method but did not automatically overrule every earlier statutory holding relying on Chevron. |
Its majority preserves ordinary statutory stare decisis for prior holdings. This is a limited later-treatment qualification for Smiley, not a complete current citator result. |
S047, slip pp. 34–35/PDF indexes 41–42. |
J/G; high narrow holding |
| S_AZ-P12-C083 |
M01’s $118.36 contract-interest and $98.63 conditional 10% figures follow the expressly stipulated principal, rate, and actual/365 convention. |
Fictional arithmetic; no proof of any actual agreement or interest entitlement. |
S002, § 44-1201(A)(2); S026; M01 inputs. |
X; arithmetic verified |
| S_AZ-P12-C084 |
M02’s $600 excess-payment result follows only after the assumed unlawful-charge classification and actual payment. |
A net-cash ratio is not itself legal APR or usury proof. No unpaid proposal is treated as paid interest. |
S002, §§ 44-1203–1205; S018–S019; M02 inputs. |
X; legal result conditional |
| S_AZ-P12-C085 |
M03’s $108.49 finance charge, $150 origination fee, and $3,508.49 remaining principal follow the stipulated applicable regime and credits. |
Aggregate interest is rounded once; rate classification, fee history, and payment facts are assumed. |
S003, §§ 6-601(1), 6-632(B), 6-633, 6-635(A)(4); M03. |
X; arithmetic verified |
| S_AZ-P12-C086 |
M04’s $9,120.95 statutory-rate branch and $9,181.73 lawful-contract-rate branch are conditional reconciled balances. |
Order, entitlement, day count, interest base, and actual credits are stipulated; the no-remittance branch differs. |
S002, § 44-1201; S029, ¶¶ 24–26; S044; M04. |
X; arithmetic verified |
| S_AZ-P12-C087 |
No actual balance, rate entitlement, charter, exemption, payment, contract, or judgment is established by this research. |
All such facts remain unavailable without records outside this public-law-only task. Fictional documents are not templates or evidence about an actual actor. |
Scope restriction; all conditional claims above. |
G; intentional factual hold |
The judgment distinction is particularly important: the amended statutory reference rate is fixed for a judgment after entry, while a lawful written agreement can supply a different rate. Older judgments require transition analysis rather than mechanical substitution of the latest prime-based figure. azleg.gov+4
3. Published-opinion posture and holding register
These are 16 opinion records, not sixteen independent confirmations of one rule. Historical statutory versions, material reading bounds, and dispositions are preserved.
| Case / source |
Court, date, publication, posture |
Material holding and disposition actually read |
Version and limits |
| J01 — Wieman v. Roysden, S017 |
Arizona Court of Appeals, Nov. 27, 1990; 166 Ariz. 281; attorney-sanctions appeal. |
Defense that post-default charges exceeded the agreed rate was arguable; sanctions reversed/remanded. Material pp. 285–286. |
Did not adjudicate usury liability. Discusses 1980 deregulation; original 1980 act not opened. |
| J02 — Grady v. Price, S018 |
Arizona Supreme Court, June 26, 1963; 94 Ariz. 252; construction-loan usury dispute. |
Percentage service charge constituted interest on the facts; separate bonus-services issue required further determination. Affirmed in part/remanded. Pp. 254–258. |
Former 8% ceiling; current use is fee characterization and intent analysis. |
| J03 — Altherr v. Wilshire, S019 |
Arizona Supreme Court, Dec. 27, 1968; 104 Ariz. 59; construction financing and prepaid services. |
Examined reasonable fees, unused commitments, refunds, and recipient’s burden after prima facie excess; appellate opinion vacated, trial result reversed/remanded. Pp. 61–65. |
Historical cap and facts; no universal refund-equals-usury rule. |
| J04 — Britz v. Kinsvater, S020 |
Arizona Supreme Court, May 4, 1960; 87 Ariz. 385; purported sale/repurchase arrangement. |
Substance was a loan; intent and excessive-return elements satisfied; judgment affirmed. Pp. 390–394. |
Historical 8% law; no modern numerical ceiling imported. |
| J05 — Small v. Ellis, S021 |
Arizona Supreme Court, Dec. 13, 1961; 90 Ariz. 194; accelerated note and usury defense. |
Inception and contingency analysis; creditor had waived capitalized interest and pursued actual advances plus the stated rate; reversed. Pp. 195–202. |
Does not authorize accelerated unearned interest or every default charge. |
| J06 — Burr v. Renewal Guaranty, S022 |
Arizona Supreme Court, Apr. 29, 1970; 105 Ariz. 549; Colorado-made commission-secured loan. |
Applied substantial-relationship/usury choice principles; upheld Colorado rate and affirmed. P. 550. |
Commercial/historical facts; not blanket consumer choice-clause enforcement. |
| J07 — Transamerica Financial v. Superior Court, S023 |
Arizona Supreme Court, June 21, 1988; 158 Ariz. 115; dismissal-stage borrower class claims involving 1980–1984 loans. |
Recognized historical statutory-contract action without administrative exhaustion; vacated appellate ruling/remanded. Pp. 116–118. |
Alleged affiliate/loan facts were not finally adjudicated. |
| J08 — Aros v. Beneficial Arizona, S024 |
Arizona Supreme Court, Apr. 20, 1999; 194 Ariz. 62; dismissal of historical consumer-loan claims. |
General interest deregulation did not erase independent consumer-loan restrictions; dismissal disposition vacated/remanded. Material majority pp. 2–13/PDF indexes 1–12. |
Historical loans and former statutory structure. Official PDF read; date additionally checked in republication metadata. |
| J09 — Dobson Bay v. La Sonrisa, S025 |
Arizona Supreme Court, Apr. 25, 2017; published majority; competing summary-judgment positions concerning a commercial balloon late fee. |
Applied penalty test; challenged fee unenforceable; vacated appellate opinion, reversed partial summary judgment, remanded. ¶¶ 1–42. |
Majority read. Separate dissent begins printed p. 16/PDF index 15 and was not relied on. Not a consumer percentage ceiling. |
| J10 — Fleming v. Tanner, S026 |
Arizona Court of Appeals, Dec. 10, 2019; published 1 CA-CV 17-0647; family-loan judgment appeal. |
No contractual term interest where none contemplated; liquidated-demand prejudgment principles; required credit against the obligation; affirmed in part/vacated in part. ¶¶ 14–30. |
Official PDF fetch failed; published opinion body read at Justia. |
| J11 — Metzler v. BCI, S027 |
Arizona Supreme Court, July 11, 2014; published majority; Rule 68/prejudgment-rate dispute after new judgment. |
Separated 2011 regimes; applied statutory judgment-rate branch to the particular award; addressed new judgment and accepted payment; vacated/reversed/remanded. ¶¶ 1–27. |
Current Rule 68 procedure was not investigated. No generic unaccepted-tender holding. |
| J12 — McKeon v. Hastings, S028 |
Arizona Court of Appeals, Nov. 26, 1991; 170 Ariz. 75; settlement payment contingent on appellate outcome. |
Enforced payment contingency and rejected additional pre-due interest; affirmed. Pp. 76–80. |
Historical § 44-1201; not a general stay/appeal interest suspension rule. |
| J13 — Flood Control District v. Paloma Investment, S029 |
Arizona Court of Appeals, May 26, 2015; 237 Ariz. 322; indemnity judgment, partial payments, and amended judgment appeal. |
Preserved pre-2011 judgment rate and applied interest-first allocation to involuntary judgment payments; affirmed. ¶¶ 19–27. |
Official PDF fetch failed; full relevant published text read at Syfert. Underlying 2011 act quoted by court, not separately recovered. |
| J14 — Marquette National Bank v. First of Omaha, S045 |
U.S. Supreme Court, Dec. 18, 1978; 439 U.S. 299; unanimous majority reviewing state-court bank-rate dispute. |
National bank could use the rate authorized where it was located on the facts; affirmed. Material pp. 301–304, 306–313, 315–319. |
Official U.S. Reports PDF; intervening background portions not claimed as fully read. Modern branch/true-lender facts held. |
| J15 — Smiley v. Citibank, S046 |
U.S. Supreme Court, June 3, 1996; 517 U.S. 735; unanimous majority reviewing judgment on pleadings. |
Upheld federal “interest” treatment of late fees; affirmed. Majority pp. 737–747/PDF indexes 2–12. |
Chevron reasoning is historical; see J16. No actual bank or fee cleared. |
| J16 — Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, S047 |
U.S. Supreme Court, June 28, 2024; published majority. |
Independent judicial statutory interpretation; prior statutory holdings retain ordinary stare decisis protection. Slip pp. 34–35/PDF indexes 41–42. |
Only this material later-treatment portion read. Full majority, separate writings, and subsequent treatment not comprehensively reviewed. |
No party argument, headnote, dissent, settlement allegation, or unpublished discovery item is used as a published majority holding. law.justia.com+7
4. Complete source and access register
Access notation: Every record below was accessed or attempted on 2026-10-27 UTC and 2026-10-27 PDT. This common date is part of every row. Exact individual opening time is unknown.
Read-status notation: B = fresh material body; P = partial body; IX = freshly read official index; F = failed body retrieval; D = discovery only. A republication of an opinion is identified as such.
4.1 Arizona constitutional, statutory, enactment, and rule sources
| Source ID |
Issuer / document and full literal HTTPS URL(s) |
Exact material read; version, effect, and limits |
| S_AZ-P12-S001 |
Arizona Legislature, Constitution: https://www.azleg.gov/const/2/25.htm https://www.azleg.gov/const/4/1.p1.htm Index: https://www.azleg.gov/constitution/ |
B/P: art. II § 25; art. IV pt. 1 § 1(1)–(8), (13)–(14). Official displayed text. Index edition disclaimer limits a whole-constitution currentness claim; no exhaustive constitutional-rate inventory. |
| S_AZ-P12-S002 |
Arizona Legislature, Title 44: https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/01201.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/01202.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/01203.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/01204.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/01205.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/01206.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/06001.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/06002.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/06852.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/44/07802.htm |
B: listed section bodies read. Current displayed official compilation, checked against the material acts/indexes listed below. Medical-provider definitions, retirement-plan, escrow, and every other incorporated regime not completely read. § 44-7802 read only as a contract-evidence boundary; no actual card assent finding. |
| S_AZ-P12-S003 |
Arizona Legislature, Title 6: https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00601.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00602.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00603.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00613.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00631.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00632.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00633.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00634.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00635.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/6/00636.htm |
B/P: definitions, exemptions, remedies, rate/charge/computation/insurance bodies read; § 6-603(A)–(B) and § 6-631(A)–(B) read for limited predicates. Current displayed compilation; 2014 material rate/fee act read. Secured cross-references, full licensing, and Title 20 insurance calculations deferred. |
| S_AZ-P12-S004 |
Arizona Legislature, Title 47: https://www.azleg.gov/ars/47/03102.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/47/03104.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/47/03112.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/47/03302.htm https://www.azleg.gov/ars/47/03305.htm |
B/P: §§ 47-3102, -3104, -3112, -3302; § 47-3305(A)–(C). Subsection D and the complete consumer-holder/Article 3 regime not read. No actual negotiability or HDC finding. |
| S_AZ-P12-S005 |
Arizona Legislature, attorney fees: https://www.azleg.gov/ars/12/00341-01.htm |
B: § 12-341.01, complete body. Discretionary contested-contract fee provision; no actual award or complete fee litigation analysis. |
| S_AZ-P12-S006 |
Arizona Legislature, retroactivity: https://www.azleg.gov/ars/1/00244.htm |
B: § 1-244, complete body. General statutory rule; specific transition construction remains necessary. |
| S_AZ-P12-S007 |
Arizona Legislature, cross-referenced fee provision: https://www.azleg.gov/ars/32/00507.htm |
P: subsection A’s fee entries, including dishonored-payment entry. Read to identify the § 44-6852 exception; not used as an ordinary loan-fee authorization. |
| S_AZ-P12-S008 |
Arizona Legislature, Laws 2024, ch. 3: https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/56leg/2r/laws/0003.htm |
B: complete § 1 and approval/filed notation, March 18, 2024. No separate retroactive/special-effective clause in the read act. General effective date September 14, 2024 supported by S009. |
| S_AZ-P12-S009 |
Arizona Legislature, General Effective Dates: https://www.azleg.gov/general-effective-dates/ |
B: relevant session entries, including July 20, 2011; July 24, 2014; September 14, 2024; September 26, 2025; September 12, 2026. Official operational table, read with each act rather than replacing its own clauses. |
| S_AZ-P12-S010 |
Arizona Legislature, Laws 2014, ch. 96: https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/51leg/2r/laws/0096.pdf |
B: complete five-PDF-page act; § 2 printed pp. 1–3/PDF indexes 1–3; § 3 printed pp. 3–4/PDF indexes 3–4. Approved April 17/filed April 18, 2014; general effective date July 24, 2014. Rate tiers, § 6-632(F), and $150 origination change. |
| S_AZ-P12-S011 |
Arizona Legislative Council, 2014 Report on Defects: https://www.azleg.gov/alisPDFs/council/2014_Annual_Report_on_Defects.pdf |
P: printed p. 19/PDF index 22, proposed clarification of § 6-632(F) to July 24, 2014. Recommendation, not enacted amendment. |
| S_AZ-P12-S012 |
Arizona Secretary of State, 2022 publicity pamphlet, Proposition 209 text: https://apps.azsos.gov/election/BallotMeasures/2022/azsos_2022_publicity_pamphlet_standard_english_web_version.pdf |
P: §§ 7–10, printed pp. 106–107/PDF indexes 105–106. Official pre-election text; prospective/contract clauses read. Governor’s proclamation and complete commencement chain not freshly recovered. |
| S_AZ-P12-S013 |
Arizona Legislative Council, 2025 Table of Sections Affected: https://www.azleg.gov/alisPDFs/council/TOSA_57th_1st_Regular.pdf |
IX: dated July 18, 2025, chapters 1–265; Title 6 printed pp. 1–2/PDF indexes 0–1 and Title 44 printed p. 17/PDF index 16. Amendment-index screen only. |
| S_AZ-P12-S014 |
Arizona Legislative Council, 2026 Table of Sections Affected: https://www.azleg.gov/alisPDFs/council/TOSA_57th_2nd_Regular.pdf |
IX: dated August 19, 2026, chapters 1–264; Title 6 printed p. 2/PDF index 1; Title 44 printed pp. 19–20/PDF indexes 18–19. No complete later-law certificate. |
| S_AZ-P12-S015 |
Arizona Secretary of State, 20 A.A.C. 4: https://apps.azsos.gov/public_services/Title_20/20-04.pdf |
B/P: Article 5’s operative R20-4-503, -508, -518, -519, -524, -534 and repealed/reserved entries; printed pp. 18–20/PDF indexes 19–21. Supplement 25-4, December 31, 2025. No Article 6 provider-fee rerun. Text extraction read; no successful visual-inspection claim. |
| S_AZ-P12-S016 |
Arizona Secretary of State/DIFI, final rulemaking R23-157: https://apps.azsos.gov/public_services/register/2023/35/contents.pdf |
B/P: 29 A.A.R. 1942–1945; item 3 printed p. 1942/PDF index 27; operative amendments printed pp. 1944–1945/PDF indexes 29–30. Published September 1, effective October 7, 2023. |
4.2 Arizona published opinions
| Source ID |
Court text / full literal URL |
Read scope and source limitations |
| S_AZ-P12-S017 |
Wieman: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/court-of-appeals/1990/166-ariz-281.html |
B, republication: material opinion including pp. 285–286. Justia, not official image. Date/posture in J01; no full subsequent-history review. |
| S_AZ-P12-S018 |
Grady: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1963/7053-0.html |
B, republication: material majority pp. 254–258 and disposition. Historical rate law. |
| S_AZ-P12-S019 |
Altherr: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1968/9299-pr-0.html |
B, republication: material majority pp. 61–65 and disposition. Historical ceiling and service facts. |
| S_AZ-P12-S020 |
Britz: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1960/6621-0.html |
B, republication: material majority pp. 390–394 and disposition. Historical cap; substance/intent holding only as qualified. |
| S_AZ-P12-S021 |
Small: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1961/6634-0.html |
B, republication: material body pp. 195–202, including creditor’s waiver and disposition. No modern late-fee safe harbor. |
| S_AZ-P12-S022 |
Burr: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1970/9828-0.html |
B, republication: opinion body and disposition, especially p. 550. Historical out-of-state commercial loan. |
| S_AZ-P12-S023 |
Transamerica: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1988/cv-87-0343-pr-2.html |
B, republication: pp. 116–118 and disposition. Dismissal posture; former statute. |
| S_AZ-P12-S024 |
Aros, official PDF: https://www.azcourts.gov/Portals/0/23/pdf1999/cv970502.pdf Date metadata cross-check: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/supreme-court/1999/cv970502-1.html |
B: official material majority printed pp. 2–13/PDF indexes 1–12. Republication used for metadata, not a second opinion or independent corroboration. |
| S_AZ-P12-S025 |
Dobson Bay, official PDF: https://www.azcourts.gov/Portals/0/OpinionFiles/Supreme/2017/CV160029PR.pdf |
B: majority ¶¶ 1–42, printed pp. 2–15/PDF indexes 1–14. Dissent not relied on. |
| S_AZ-P12-S026 |
Fleming, recovered published body: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/court-of-appeals-division-one-published/2019/1-ca-cv-17-0647-0.html Failed official route: https://www.azcourts.gov/Portals/0/OpinionFiles/Div1/2019/1%20CA-CV%2017-0647.pdf |
B + F: material ¶¶ 1–30 at Justia. Official retrieval produced no usable body; HTTP status not preserved in the read record. No official image/citator certification. |
| S_AZ-P12-S027 |
Metzler, official PDF: https://www.azcourts.gov/Portals/0/OpinionFiles/Supreme/2014/CV130302PR.pdf |
B: material majority ¶¶ 1–27 and disposition. Paragraph pinpoints used; exact printed/PDF page mapping not asserted here. |
| S_AZ-P12-S028 |
McKeon: https://law.justia.com/cases/arizona/court-of-appeals/1991/170-ariz-75.html |
B, republication: full material opinion pp. 76–80 and disposition. Historical statute; conditional settlement. |
| S_AZ-P12-S029 |
Paloma, recovered published body: https://syfert.com/arizona/cases/237-ariz-322/flood-control-district-v-paloma-investment-ltd-partnership Failed official route: https://www.azcourts.gov/Portals/0/OpinionFiles/Div1/2015/1%20CA-CV%2013-0750.pdf |
B + F: ¶¶ 1–27 and notes, especially ¶¶ 19–27, printed reporter pp. 326–329. Host identifies CourtListener-derived data; official image not recovered. Automated host ratings were ignored. HTTP failure status not preserved. |
4.3 Federal statutes, regulations, notices, and rate data
| Source ID |
Issuer / document and full literal URL(s) |
Material read, currency/effect, and limits |
| S_AZ-P12-S030 |
OLRC, Title 12: https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t12/s85/ https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t12/s86/ https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t12/s1831d/ https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t12/s1463/ https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t12/s1757/ |
B/P: §§ 85, 86, 1831d(a)–(b), 1463(g), 1757(5)(A)(vi)–(ix). Displayed through Pub. L. 119-124, October 15, 2026. Not all definitions, notes, opt-outs, or other subsections read. |
| S_AZ-P12-S031 |
eCFR/OCC: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-I/part-7/subpart-D/section-7.4001 https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-I/part-160/section-160.110 |
B: § 7.4001(a)–(e), § 160.110(a)–(d). Displayed Title 12 currency October 23, 2026. Rate definition, conditions, and transfer rules; complete litigation validity not certified. |
| S_AZ-P12-S032 |
eCFR/FDIC: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-331/section-331.2 https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-331/section-331.3 https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-331/section-331.4 |
B: definitions, host-state branch provision, and interest/transfer rule. Incorporated § 1813 definitions and complete opt-out/where-made law remain incomplete. |
| S_AZ-P12-S033 |
eCFR/NCUA: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-VII/subchapter-A/part-701/section-701.5 https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-VII/subchapter-A/part-701/section-701.21 |
B/P: § 701.5(a), (b)(1)–(4), (c)–(d); § 701.21(a), (c)(6)–(7), including Board-notice mechanism. Mortgage due-on-sale and complete PAL conditions not read. Current display reflects 2026 reorganization. |
| S_AZ-P12-S034 |
OCC, 2020 transfer-interest final rule: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2020-06-02/pdf/2020-11963.pdf Same document HTML: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/06/02/2020-11963/permissible-interest-on-loans-that-are-sold-assigned-or-otherwise-transferred |
B/P: 85 F.R. 33530–33536; DATES, true-lender limit printed p. 33535/PDF index 5, operative text p. 33536/index 6. Effective August 3, 2020. Other preamble portions partial. |
| S_AZ-P12-S035 |
FDIC, 2020 interest final rule: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2020-07-22/pdf/2020-14114.pdf |
B/P: 85 F.R. 44146–44158; DATES, true-lender discussion p. 44153/PDF index 7, operative material p. 44158/index 12. Effective August 21, 2020. Complete opt-out discussion not read. |
| S_AZ-P12-S036 |
Congress, Pub. L. 117-24: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-117publ24/pdf/PLAW-117publ24.pdf |
B: complete one-page law, 135 Stat. 296/PDF index 0, approved June 30, 2021. Disapproval of identified OCC true-lender rule. |
| S_AZ-P12-S037 |
NCUA, 2026 interim final rule: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-06-09/pdf/2026-11559.pdf |
B/P: 91 F.R. 34725–34733; DATES p. 34725/index 0, material explanation p. 34727/index 2, operative beginning p. 34732/index 7. Effective June 30, 2026; comment deadline is not effectiveness. Tail read was partial; current material regulation separately read. |
| S_AZ-P12-S038 |
NCUA Letter 26-FCU-02: https://ncua.gov/regulation-supervision/letters-credit-unions-other-guidance/permissible-loan-interest-rate-ceiling-extended-0 |
B: February 2026, displayed active; 18% ceiling extended through September 10, 2027. Official notice mechanism supported by § 701.21(c)(7)(ii)(B). |
| S_AZ-P12-S039 |
NCUA public announcement: https://ncua.gov/newsroom/press-release/2026/ncua-board-extends-loan-interest-rate-ceiling |
B, agency news: dated February 6, 2026. Supports announced extension, not independent rule authority. Meeting-date wording does not fully reconcile with the letter. |
| S_AZ-P12-S040 |
NCUA supplemental analysis: https://ncua.gov/regulation-supervision/letters-credit-unions-other-guidance/permissible-loan-interest-rate-ceiling-extended-0/supplemental-info |
P, official analysis: supporting discussion read in part; not a separately read Board resolution. Exact meeting chronology held. |
| S_AZ-P12-S041 |
CFPB, Regulation Z display/comments: https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1026/4/ https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1026/22/ https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1026/52/ https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1026/55/ |
B/P: § 4(a), (b)(1)–(2), (c)(1)–(2), relevant comments; § 22(a)(1), comments 1–4; material §§ 52–55 portions. § 52 displays older dollar figures; not accepted as current. Full TILA coverage/notice/insurance bodies incomplete. |
| S_AZ-P12-S042 |
eCFR, Regulation Z: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1026/subpart-G/section-1026.52 https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1026/subpart-G/section-1026.55 |
B/P: material § 52(a)–(b) and § 55(a), (b)(1)–(5), (c)–(e). Banners through October 22–23, 2026. § 52 displays $8/$32/$43 framework despite S043’s vacatur report; numerical legal effect held. SCRA/LIBOR branches and notice cross-references incomplete. |
| S_AZ-P12-S043 |
CFPB semiannual-report PDF: https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_semi-annual-report_spring-2025.pdf |
P, official report: § 2.2.2, printed p. 26/PDF index 25, reports April 2025 late-fee-rule vacatur. Body discusses an October 2024–December 2025 reporting period despite filename. Publication date not established here; report is not the judicial order. |
| S_AZ-P12-S044 |
Federal Reserve, H.15: https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h15/ |
B, official data: October 26, 2026 release; bank prime loan rate 7.00 for the displayed October 19–23 columns. Dynamic URL; this is the release actually read, not a future rate guarantee. |
4.4 Federal opinions and unrecovered/discovery records
5. Currentness and transition register
These 12 tracking rows do not add twelve sources or duplicate coverage credit.
| Row |
Material event / status |
Established here |
Exact remaining limit |
| V01 |
Constitutional and statutory compilations |
Official bodies and relevant clauses read, S001–S007. |
Complete constitutional amendment inventory and every incorporated statute not established. |
| V02 |
Historical 8% law / 1980 deregulation |
Older cases’ operative ceilings identified; Wieman describes the 1980 change. |
Original Laws 1980, ch. 200, §§ 9–10 not opened; no full commencement chain certified. |
| V03 |
2011 judgment-rate change |
Published Paloma and Metzler holdings read; July 20 general effective date read. |
Original ch. 99 body unavailable on both official routes. |
| V04 |
2014 consumer-loan changes |
Ch. 96 operative body and July 24, 2014 general effective date read. |
Suggested Legislative Council wording is not an enacted correction; actual old-loan facts remain necessary. |
| V05 |
Proposition 209 |
Official text and prospective/contract clauses read. |
Fresh proclamation/commencement chain incomplete; medical branch deferred. |
| V06 |
Article 5 rules |
Posted Code and 2023 final amendments read; effective October 7, 2023. |
No full history of every prior rule version or later judicial treatment. |
| V07 |
2024 judgment-rate reference event |
Ch. 3 and September 14, 2024 effectiveness established. |
Actual judgment date/publication/business-day facts remain required. |
| V08 |
2025–2026 legislation |
Relevant TOSA blocks read; proposed SB1689 not substituted for law. |
Index screen is not every-enactment or later-law certification. |
| V09 |
Federal transfer rules / true-lender disapproval |
2020 rules and 2021 disapproval law separately read. |
Complete current litigation, opt-out, and true-lender developments not certified. |
| V10 |
NCUA 2026 changes |
Interim final rule effective June 30; official 18% notice through September 10, 2027. |
Exact meeting chronology conflicts in agency materials; complete PAL and litigation branches held. |
| V11 |
Federal credit-card fees |
Conflicting current displays and agency-reported vacatur documented. |
Actual vacatur order, surviving operative text, and current adjustment notice required before a dollar cap. |
| V12 |
External data and precedent |
October 26 H.15 rate actually read; sixteen opinion records scoped. |
Dynamic later rate changes and complete subsequent judicial history not certified. |
6. Sixteen distinct fictional postures
These are classification exercises. They do not establish an actual debt’s validity, rate, collectibility, or remedy.
| Posture |
Fictional facts and necessary evidence |
Conditional consequence / adverse branch |
Claims |
| F01 — Local nonbank simple loan |
A one-time Arizona lender advances $12,000 under a genuine written 12% simple-interest agreement; no special sector applies. |
General written-rate branch is available if those facts and agreement are proved. If another statute governs, the label does not remove its restrictions. |
C003, C017–C018, C083 |
| F02 — No rate versus no interest bargain |
An oral family loan contains no discussed interest obligation. |
Do not automatically impose term interest. A later liquidated-demand claim is a separate issue. If evidence instead establishes interest was owed but no different written rate, analyze the statutory branch. |
C004, C068–C069 |
| F03 — Retail purchase |
A household appliance is sold in six installments with a finance charge. |
Test retail definitions and contract terms. A cash-loan formula or motor-vehicle statute cannot be imported merely because payments are monthly. |
C012–C015 |
| F04 — Open-end balance without dates |
A statement shows a $4,000 balance, but advance dates, billing method, limit, and payment dates are missing. |
No defensible interest total follows from the ending balance alone. Obtain daily/cycle inputs and classify the account first. |
C008–C009, C020, C026 |
| F05 — Withheld processing charge |
A $4,000 face loan disburses $3,800 after a $200 processing deduction. |
Fee purpose and applicable charge statute control; net-cash cost alone does not prove usury. Under M02’s violation assumptions, principal credits and excess-payment recovery differ from ordinary interest accounting. |
C010, C039–C041, C084 |
| F06 — Actual third-party cost |
The same $200 goes to a vendor, but the invoice may be either an authorized public-filing expense or an unauthorized processing service. |
Actual payment to a third party is insufficient by itself. The statutory expense category and lawful actual amount must match. |
C010, C024, C031–C032 |
| F07 — Late installment |
An installment is unpaid, but the transaction might be a small general loan, licensed consumer loan, or retail sale. |
Ten-day/$10, seven-day/5%, and retail-dollar rules cannot be blended. Payment and installment facts determine whether the correct predicate occurred. |
C007, C014, C023 |
| F08 — Extension of old loan |
A loan existed before July 24, 2014; a later restructuring advances $75 and raises the rate. |
If § 6-632(F) applies, its no-higher-rate condition matters. A genuinely new transaction or different dates requires separate proof; no automatic restart or new-fee entitlement. |
C022, C027–C029 |
| F09 — Bank-origin claim sold to nonbank |
A purchaser possesses a statement saying “bank-originated,” without charter, location, origination, or transfer evidence. |
No rate exportation finding. A valid transfer-interest rule does not supply missing originator facts. |
C050–C056 |
| F10 — Proposed usury penalty |
A borrower demands twice all billed finance charges, but actual interest payments are unknown. |
Bank statutes distinguish paid interest from reserved/charged interest and differ from Arizona and FCU remedies. No numerical recovery can be determined. |
C039–C044, C057–C062 |
| F11 — Contract rate versus judgment formula |
A court enters a judgment on a lawful written 12% obligation while the ordinary statutory formula is 8%. |
The contract-rate branch can govern; the 8% calculation is not a universal cap. An invalid or unproved agreement changes the branch. |
C070–C072 |
| F12 — Payment in escrow |
$1,000 is held by an intermediary but has not reached the creditor; the ledger nevertheless reduces principal. |
No actual-credit assumption. M04 shows the different balance if remittance occurs versus remains held. |
C075–C076, C086 |
| F13 — Controlled variable index |
A qualifying consumer lender increases a rate using an index it controls. |
The § 6-632(C) predicate fails. A public independent index still requires the remaining contractual, movement, and notice conditions. |
C021, C065 |
| F14 — Optional insurance cancellation |
A consumer sends qualifying written cancellation twenty days after a Title 6 loan is made. |
Apply the read thirty-day full-premium provision if product and notice predicates hold. Later cancellation/unearned-premium calculations require the incorporated insurance law. |
C025 |
| F15 — Large default-only charge |
A balloon-payment default triggers a large flat fee plus default interest and reimbursement of all collection expense. |
Dobson requires a penalty analysis; calling it a default charge does not exempt it. Actual or anticipated loss and proof difficulty remain factual issues. |
C034, C036–C037 |
| F16 — Assignee claims HDC immunity |
A buyer holds an overdue account printout and invokes holder-in-due-course status. |
First establish a negotiable instrument, then value/good faith/notice and other predicates. A generic debt purchase and account printout are insufficient classifications. |
C045–C047 |
7. Four fully worked conditional models
All amounts are fictional U.S. dollars. Rates stipulated as facts are not represented as statutory ceilings. Rounding is to the nearest cent at the stated calculation stage. No actual transaction, payment, filing deadline, or collection permission is determined.
M01 — Ordinary local nonbank simple loan; agreed rate versus no established rate
Authority: S002, § 44-1201(A)(2); S026, ¶¶ 14–19. Claims C003–C004, C083.
Stipulated inputs
- Local, one-time nonbank lender; bona fide unsecured loan outside the identified special consumer-loan and small-loan branches.
- Principal actually advanced: $12,000.00.
- Valid written agreement: 12% simple annual interest.
- Agreed convention: actual elapsed days/365, excluding June 1 and including July 1.
- Period: June 1 to July 1, 2026 = 30 elapsed days.
- No fees, costs, default charges, or compounding.
- Full payment actually received and credited July 1.
Calculation
Plain text
Interest = principal × annual rate × days / denominator
= $12,000 × 0.12 × 30 / 365
= $118.356164...
Rounded interest = $118.36
Amount actually credited = $12,000 + $118.36 = $12,118.36
Interest allocation = $118.36
Principal allocation = $12,000.00
Remaining principal = $0.00
Money reconciliation:
$12,000 advance + $118.36 lawful stipulated interest
− $12,118.36 actual credit = $0.00
Alternative rate branch: If interest is legally owed, but no different written rate is established, the conditional 10% calculation is:
Plain text
$12,000 × 0.10 × 30 / 365 = $98.630136... → $98.63
That alternative is not applied where the facts instead establish that term interest was never contemplated, as in the relevant part of Fleming. The actual agreement and entitlement must select the branch.
Adverse branch: If the $12,118.36 is merely promised or offered, the model cannot credit it. If a special statute actually governs, the assumed general-law classification fails. A 2026 non-leap-year denominator here is a stipulated contract convention, not a universal Arizona rule.
M02 — Upfront charge, net proceeds, and conditional usury-credit ledger
Authority: S002, §§ 44-1203–1205; S018–S019. Claims C010, C031–C032, C039–C041, C084.
Stipulated inputs
- Occasional nonbank lender; a qualifying $4,000 closed-end loan governed by § 44-1205(A), not Title 6 Chapter 5.
- Written simple rate: 10% for one year.
- July 1, 2025 to July 1, 2026: 365 elapsed days, actual/365 convention.
- A $200 processing charge is deducted at closing.
- Consumer receives $3,800 cash.
- Claimed year-end payment: $4,400, consisting of $4,000 face principal plus $400 interest.
Cash-cost calculation, before legal classification
Plain text
Gross stated principal $4,000
Less withheld processing amount 200
Cash delivered to consumer $3,800
Stated annual interest = $4,000 × 10% × 365/365 = $400
Claimed final payment $4,400
Consumer cash cost = $4,400 − $3,800 = $600
Economic net-cash ratio = $600 / $3,800
= 15.789473...%
15.789473% is only a cash-cost ratio. It is not automatically a Regulation Z APR or the Arizona legal usury rate.
Violation branch
Assume a court determines that the processing charge is unauthorized under § 44-1205(E), the loan is usurious under the applicable provision, and the $200 deduction is a qualifying advance payment credited under § 44-1203.
Plain text
Stated principal $4,000
Advance deduction credited to principal 200
Remaining recoverable principal $3,800
Interest recoverable under this branch 0
If the consumer then actually pays $4,400:
Plain text
Total statutory payment credits = $200 + $4,400 = $4,600
Original stated principal $4,000
Excess payments $600
Cash conservation:
Lender cash advanced $3,800
Lender cash later received $4,400
Conditional excess returned $600
Net lender cash after principal recovery $0
The additional 10% language in § 44-1204 is not numerically accrued here because the exact applicable interest-start and action posture have not been established.
Positive lawful-cost alternative
Assume instead that the $200 is a qualifying lawful public-filing expense actually paid to the authorized recipient, with all § 44-1205(E) predicates satisfied:
Plain text
Lender funds disbursed:
Consumer cash $3,800
Qualifying public expense $200
Total disbursement $4,000
Final payment $4,400
Stipulated lawful interest $400
Vendor receipt $200
The identical consumer net cash does not make the two legal classifications identical.
Adverse unpaid branch: If $4,400 was only demanded and not paid, there is no $600 paid-excess recovery in this model. Under the stipulated violation branch, $3,800 principal remains after the advance credit. The same $200 is not credited twice.
M03 — Regulated consumer revolving tiers, origination fee, and actual payment
Authority: S003, §§ 6-601(1), 6-632(B), 6-633, 6-635(A)(4). Claims C017–C026, C085.
Stipulated inputs
- Qualifying Arizona consumer lender and transaction; all necessary license/activity predicates are assumed, not verified.
- Agreed revolving limit: $4,000.
- Advance: $4,000 on June 1, 2026.
- Actual daily outstanding balance: $4,000 on each of June 1–30, thirty daily balances.
- Authorized daily-rate method using 365.
- No prior disqualifying origination fee during the preceding year.
- Origination fee paid separately, not financed.
- A $600 payment is actually credited July 1 before that day’s modeled accrual.
- No insurance, late fee, additional advance, or compounding.
June finance charge
Plain text
First tier:
$3,000 × 0.36 × 30/365 = $88.767123...
Second tier:
$1,000 × 0.24 × 30/365 = $19.726027...
Aggregate before rounding = $108.493150...
Rounded once = $108.49
Rounding each tier first would produce a different cent result; this model rounds the aggregate once. The unchanged-balance weighted rate is 33%, but that is not a universal amortizing-loan blended rate.
Origination fee
Plain text
5% × $4,000 = $200
Statutory maximum = $150
Permitted modeled fee = min($200, $150) = $150
Actual payment allocation and remaining balance
Plain text
Actual July 1 payment $600.00
Finance charge paid 108.49
Principal paid 491.51
Remaining principal:
$4,000 − $491.51 = $3,508.49
Reconciliation
Plain text
Opening principal $4,000.00
Plus finance charge 108.49
Plus separately paid origination fee 150.00
Less actual receipts ($150 + $600) 750.00
Remaining modeled debt $3,508.49
The consumer received $4,000 and separately paid $150 at origination; the initial net cash position is $3,850, while debt principal remains $4,000. The fee is not a principal payment.
Adverse branches:
- A qualifying prior origination fee collected within one year can prohibit the new $150 fee.
- If the $600 was not actually credited, no $491.51 principal reduction occurs.
- If fees were financed, the balance base must be rebuilt under the authorized-financed-fee rules.
- A disclosure APR cannot be inferred solely from the 36%/24% statutory tier labels.
M04 — Prejudgment interest, fixed judgment rate, and partial payment
Authority: S002, § 44-1201; S026, ¶¶ 17–19; S029, ¶¶ 24–26; S044. Claims C068–C078, C086.
Common stipulated facts
- Ordinary, liquidated $10,000 obligation.
- A lawful determination makes prejudgment interest begin September 27, 2026.
- Judgment entered October 27, 2026.
- Prejudgment elapsed period: 30 days.
- No costs or attorney fees are awarded in this model.
- Actual/365 simple-interest convention is stipulated for the calculation.
- The complete prejudgment-interest component is actually paid and expressly credited immediately on judgment entry, leaving $10,000 principal as the later interest-bearing balance.
- A further $1,000 involuntary judgment payment is actually credited November 24.
- No contrary allocation statute or agreement applies.
- Later balance date: December 24.
The immediate separate credit avoids deciding the unresolved general treatment of unpaid prejudgment interest as part of the later interest-bearing judgment base.
Branch A — Otherwise applicable statutory judgment rate
Prejudgment interest:
Plain text
$10,000 × 0.10 × 30/365 = $82.191780... → $82.19
Judgment amount = $10,082.19
Immediate actual credit = $82.19
Remaining interest-bearing principal = $10,000
Rate setting:
Plain text
October 26 H.15 bank prime rate = 7.00%
Statutory rate = min(10%, 1% + 7%) = 8.00%
This assumes October 27 is the applicable first business day after that publication and the judgment falls within the current ordinary statutory branch.
First postjudgment period:
Plain text
October 27 → November 24 = 28 elapsed days
$10,000 × 0.08 × 28/365 = $61.369863... → $61.37
Actual payment $1,000.00
Applied to accrued interest 61.37
Applied to principal 938.63
Remaining principal $9,061.37
Second period:
Plain text
November 24 → December 24 = 30 elapsed days
$9,061.37 × 0.08 × 30/365 = $59.581610... → $59.58
Remaining balance = $9,061.37 + $59.58 = $9,120.95
Complete reconciliation:
Plain text
$10,000 principal
+ $82.19 prejudgment interest
+ $61.37 first-period postjudgment interest
+ $59.58 second-period postjudgment interest
− $82.19 actual entry-date credit
− $1,000 actual later credit
= $9,120.95
Branch B — Lawful written 12% contract rate
Assume the agreement and judgment lawfully select 12%:
Plain text
Prejudgment: $10,000 × .12 × 30/365 = $98.63
That $98.63 is actually credited on entry.
First postjudgment period:
$10,000 × .12 × 28/365 = $92.05
$1,000 payment:
Interest paid = $92.05
Principal paid = $907.95
Remaining principal = $9,092.05
Second period:
$9,092.05 × .12 × 30/365 = $89.68
Remaining balance = $9,092.05 + $89.68 = $9,181.73
The 8% statutory branch does not override the assumed lawful written-rate branch.
No-remittance adverse branch
If the purported $1,000 payment remains in escrow and is never credited:
Plain text
October 27 → December 24 = 58 elapsed days
$10,000 × .08 × 58/365 = $127.123287... → $127.12
Remaining balance = $10,127.12
All elapsed periods include calendar days under the stipulated convention. There is no filing-deadline computation, weekend extension, or assumed stay-related pause. A different lawful order, payment time, base, day-count convention, vacated judgment, or allocation provision requires a different ledger.
8. Granular coverage and exact remaining investigations
Statuses: A answered within the stated public-law/fictional scope; P partial; U unresolved; E excluded/deferred with reason.
There are 76 coverage rows: 20 A, 38 P, 6 U, and 12 E. Thus 56 rows remain incomplete or outside this pass. That count includes deliberate factual and deferred-scope holds; it is not fifty-six independent defects in a transaction.
8.1 Core classification, charge, and remedy coverage
| Row |
Requested issue |
Status / claims |
Resolved portion; exact missing evidence / next action |
| G01 |
Constitutional architecture |
P — C001–C002 |
Contract/effective-date clauses read. Complete constitutional amendment inventory remains to be established before an exhaustive negative statement. |
| G02 |
Actor/obligation/date classification |
P — C003–C030 |
Competing statutory branches mapped. Actual purpose, amount, limit, creditor activity, contract, and dates intentionally unavailable. |
| G03 |
Ordinary written agreed rate |
A — C003 |
General rule and special-law qualification established. No actual agreement evaluated. |
| G04 |
No agreed rate / no interest bargain |
P — C004, C047 |
Fleming and instrument distinction established. Actual intent and obligation terms needed. |
| G05 |
Variable rate |
P — C021, C047, C065 |
Read state consumer-loan and instrument rules. Full federal notice bodies and actual index history needed. |
| G06 |
General small closed-end loan |
A — C006–C007, C010–C011 |
Threshold, permitted computation, delinquency, additional charges, and refund framework read. |
| G07 |
Non-card revolving loan |
A — C008 |
Relevant statutory scope and methods read; no amount computed without dates. |
| G08 |
State credit-card route/election |
P — C009, C067 |
State charges/election/exclusions read. Actual account choice and federal currentness unresolved. |
| G09 |
Retail installment/charge account |
P — C012–C016 |
Definitions, finance, late, and balance rules read. Dishonored-charge overlap and actual election remain. |
| G10 |
Title 6 consumer purpose/resident/regular-business gate |
P — C017–C018 |
Definitions and exemptions read. Actual activity and exclusion evidence absent. |
| G11 |
Closed-end consumer rate tiers |
A — C019 |
Current displayed tiers and alternative blend read; 2014 act checked. |
| G12 |
Consumer revolving tiers |
A — C020 |
Periodic-rate tiers and monthly blend read. |
| G13 |
Origination charge and repeat-fee timing |
A — C022 |
5%/$150 and specified one-year restriction established. |
| G14 |
Delinquency thresholds and units |
A — C007, C014, C023 |
Separate statutory branches preserved without blending. |
| G15 |
Service/processing/third-party costs |
P — C010, C024, C031–C032 |
Categories and restrictions read. Actual invoices, payees, services, and statutory qualification needed. |
| G16 |
Discount/reserve treatment |
P — C008–C009, C063 |
Specific purchase-discount provisions read. No universal reserve or discount rule established; obtain actual arrangement and responsive authority. |
| G17 |
Insurance and refunds |
P — C025 |
Optionality/thirty-day route and rule records read. Incorporated Title 20 unearned-premium calculations remain. |
| G18 |
Default-only penalty test |
A — C034, C036–C037 |
Published tests and limiting facts established; no actual penalty adjudication. |
| G19 |
Extension, restructuring, prepayment |
P — C011, C027–C029 |
Statutory methods and 2014 transition read. Actual agreement and prior-fee/history inputs required. |
| G20 |
Net proceeds, financed amounts, simple/compound |
P — C026, C030, C074 |
Distinctions established. Actual contract/account base and complete judgment-component treatment needed. |
| G21 |
APR versus usury |
P — C030, C063–C064 |
Different measurements established. Full federal disclosure coverage and § 1610 body remain. |
| G22 |
Intent, presumptions, burden |
P — C031–C037 |
Bounded published holdings read. No universal clear-and-convincing rule established; targeted current authority needed if material. |
| G23 |
General usury civil remedy/clock |
P — C039–C041 |
Forfeiture, principal credit, excess recovery read. Exact independent-action clock and all interest-start questions unresolved. |
| G24 |
Title 6 civil consequences |
A — C042–C044 |
Statutory tiers/error exception and historical private-action holding distinguished. |
| G25 |
Recovery, principal, fees, double counting |
P — C038–C044, C057–C062 |
Different remedies separated. Actual payments, claimant, election, offset, and award facts needed. |
| G26 |
Assignee/HDC boundaries |
P — C045–C047 |
Negotiability and HDC predicates read. Full consumer-holder rules and actual transfer/instrument facts remain. |
| G27 |
Choice of law |
P — C048 |
Burr’s bounded holding read. Modern consumer-specific conflict and evasion facts require further authority. |
8.2 Federal and judgment-interest coverage
| Row |
Requested issue |
Status / claims |
Resolved portion; exact missing evidence / next action |
| G28 |
National-bank exportation |
P — C050–C052 |
Statute, regulation, and Supreme Court holdings read. Actual charter/location/origination facts unavailable. |
| G29 |
Insured state-bank exportation |
P — C053 |
Statute/rule bodies read. Complete opt-out/where-made and incorporated definitions remain. |
| G30 |
Savings-association branch |
P — C054, C059 |
Statutory/regulatory rate and remedy provisions read. Actual qualifying actor/transaction absent. |
| G31 |
Federal/state credit-union distinction |
P — C060–C062 |
Ordinary FCU framework and current notice read. Full PAL and state-chartered-credit-union branches deferred. |
| G32 |
Transfers / valid-when-made / true lender |
P — C055–C056 |
Separate rules and disapproval law read. Actual true lender, complete later litigation, and applicable opt-out unresolved. |
| G33 |
Federal usury remedy clocks |
P — C057–C062 |
Textual claimant, payment, multiplier, and two-year differences read. No actual payment/transaction clock selected. |
| G34 |
Federally insured/guaranteed special loan |
P — C049 |
State exemption text read. Exact federal program and qualification remain. |
| G35 |
Card increases and notice |
P — C065 |
Material exceptions read. § 1026.9 and actual notice/delivery/account facts required. |
| G36 |
Current federal card late-fee dollars |
U — C066 |
Conflicting displays documented. Read actual final vacatur order, surviving text, and current adjustment notice before selecting a number. |
| G37 |
Liquidated prejudgment claim |
P — C068–C069 |
Test and bounded demand holding read. Actual due amount, entitlement, and starting event absent. |
| G38 |
Contract versus statutory judgment rate |
A — C070–C072 |
Distinct rate branches established. |
| G39 |
Date-specific external reference rate |
A — C071 |
October 26, 2026 H.15 7.00% actually read; conditional 8% calculation verified. |
| G40 |
Fixed rate / publication event |
A — C072 |
Current rule and 2024 amendment established. |
| G41 |
Old-judgment transition |
P — C078 |
Published constructions read. Original 2011 act body remains unavailable. |
| G42 |
Judgment base: prior interest/costs/fees |
P — C038, C074 |
No automatic capitalization assumed. Responsive published authority and actual order needed for each component. |
| G43 |
Partial payment allocation |
P — C075 |
Paloma involuntary-payment holding read. Actual payment, order, and contrary agreement/statute absent. |
| G44 |
Tender, appeal, stay, deposit |
P — C076–C077 |
Accepted-payment and conditional-settlement holdings distinguished. General stay/deposit effects not established. |
| G45 |
Settlement payment event |
P — C069, C077 |
Payment contingency can matter. Actual settlement terms and complete applicable law absent. |
| G46 |
Required records / operative forms |
P — C028 |
Article 5 record/statement duties read. No actual form completed; no universal interest-computation form or actual order established. |
8.3 Currentness, evidence failures, and worked demonstrations
| Row |
Requested issue |
Status / claims |
Resolved portion; exact missing evidence / next action |
| G47 |
Published majority bodies and posture |
P — C031–C082 |
Sixteen scoped opinion records supplied. Republication/partial-read limits and absent official images remain identified. |
| G48 |
Complete later treatment/citator |
U — C079, C082 |
No complete citator performed. Targeted later opinions/amendments required before actual reliance. |
| G49 |
Original 1980 deregulation act |
U — C035, C079 |
Court description read; original ch. 200 §§ 9–10 not opened. Obtain official session-law body and commencement. |
| G50 |
2014 rate/fee transition |
A — C029 |
Act, general effective date, and nonbinding clarification distinguished. |
| G51 |
2024 judgment-rate amendment |
A — C072 |
Act and general effective date read. |
| G52 |
Proposition 209 commencement |
P — C080 |
Text and prospective clauses read. Proclamation/effective chain and medical definitions remain. |
| G53 |
Article 5 adoption/effect |
A — C081 |
Posted operative rules and 2023 final notice read. |
| G54 |
2026 NCUA changes |
P — C060–C061 |
Rule/notice effective statuses read. Complete judicial treatment and meeting chronology held. |
| G55 |
Necessary incorporated bodies |
P — C025, C046, C053, C064–C065 |
Missing Title 20, consumer-holder, § 1813, § 1610, and notice bodies expressly limited; retrieve only when branch is selected. |
| G56 |
Failed official source routes |
U — S026, S029, S048–S050 |
Exact attempted URLs preserved. Recovered opinions disclosed; unrecovered act/statute bodies require a readable official alternative, not inference from failure. |
| G57 |
M01 simple loan model |
A — C083 |
Inputs, convention, rate alternatives, actual credit, and adverse branch shown. |
| G58 |
M02 fee/net-proceeds model |
A — C084 |
Classification alternatives, paid/unpaid branches, and refund ledger shown. |
| G59 |
M03 consumer revolving model |
A — C085 |
Tiers, origination, rounding, actual allocation, and prior-fee branch shown. |
| G60 |
M04 judgment model |
A — C086 |
Pre/post rates, publication event, allocations, actual credits, and escrow alternative shown. |
| G61 |
At least twelve fictional postures |
A — C003–C086 |
Sixteen distinct postures supplied. No actual eligibility or permission finding. |
| G62 |
Actual private records |
U — C087 |
No contract, charter, ledger, payment receipt, loan file, or judgment inspected. Those facts remain intentionally unavailable. |
8.4 Territorial and expressly deferred families
| Row |
Requested boundary |
Status / claims |
Exact remaining scope / next action |
| G63 |
County/local court rules and practice |
E — C087 |
No local interest-order or payment-processing practice investigation. Select only after an actual authorized court-specific task; no county inventory claimed. |
| G64 |
Tribal/Indian-country jurisdiction |
U — C048, C087 |
No tribal law, sovereign status, or territorial facts researched. Requires a distinct jurisdiction-specific pass. |
| G65 |
Interstate/foreign-contract application |
P — C048, C050–C056 |
Limited choice/exportation principles supplied. Actual places, law clauses, charter, and transaction history remain held. |
| G66 |
Debt-management/provider/CSO fees and licensing |
E |
Separate regimes; no rerun or acceptance of prior provider work. |
| G67 |
Collection communications/validation/FDCPA conduct |
E |
Separate PASS-07-type requirements; no fee-collection conduct permission inferred. |
| G68 |
Full merits, ownership chain, evidence, arbitration |
E |
Only indispensable rate/holder predicates addressed. Full contract/assignment/arbitration proof remains separate. |
| G69 |
Limitations, revival, judgment duration/renewal |
E |
Only narrow interest-remedy clocks/transition clauses addressed. No prior unreviewed clocks imported. |
| G70 |
Service, default, vacatur, full appeal procedure |
E |
No court-response or filing-calendar report; actual interest-order effects held. |
| G71 |
Wage, bank, homestead, other property enforcement |
E |
No exemption or execution formulas imported into interest balances. |
| G72 |
Mortgage/security, tax, support, restitution |
E |
Only necessary statutory boundaries identified. Full special enforcement/rate regimes require separate passes. |
| G73 |
Auto, medical, student, utility, insurance and other sectors |
E |
Ordinary-debt findings do not establish their special charges, caps, or remedies. |
| G74 |
Bankruptcy, SCRA, MLA, high-cost lending |
E |
No comprehensive stay/discharge/military/high-cost analysis; no generic exemption or interest pause inferred. |
| G75 |
Full damages, class remedies, fee litigation, regulatory enforcement |
E |
Limited civil-effect gateway only. Actual claims, elections, standing, amounts, and procedural requirements remain. |
| G76 |
Whole Arizona/country/parent acceptance |
E |
No state, country, parent, A066, A097, or A098 acceptance or operational/publication readiness. |
9. Foundation and contribution crosswalk
This is a four-row provenance crosswalk, separate from the 76 coverage rows.
| Row |
Existing foundation / status supplied by user |
Narrow contribution of PASS-12 |
What remains unchanged |
| X01 |
Reviewed PASS-01 statement: “Full agreements/funds/bonds/remedies and all other state categories stay open.” |
Supplies a focused public-law interest/usury/charge/judgment-interest investigation. |
This is not an invented exact PASS-01 interest row and does not accept the broad remainder. |
| X02 |
Authorized parent requires ordinary-debt contracts/charges and judgment interest; dimensions remain unaccepted. |
Adds the source, claim, calculation, and gap records in this answer. |
Parent and state acceptance remain open. |
| X03 |
PASS-02 concerns provider renewal/proration. |
No substantive dependency. |
Provider renewal is not judgment renewal or interest authority. |
| X04 |
PASS-03–PASS-11 are saved/running and unreviewed for this purpose. |
Necessary interest cross-references were freshly researched. |
No earlier wage, bank, limitations, service, merits, licensing, or homestead conclusion is adopted as a premise; originals/provenance are not rewritten. |
The quoted review basis above comes from the user-supplied record. No coordinator file was opened or modified in this pass.
10. Researcher self-check and reconciled counts
What was actually read
- Official Arizona statutory section bodies, the material 2014 and 2024 acts, relevant general-effective-date entries, Proposition 209’s specified text, and the relevant administrative rules/final notice.
- Official federal statutory and regulatory bodies within the stated bounds, the transfer rules, congressional disapproval law, NCUA material, and the October 26 H.15 release.
- Sixteen published-opinion records, with material reading bounds and republication/partial-body limitations individually disclosed.
- The official amendment tables as indexes, not substitute operative statutes.
- Conflicting federal card-fee displays and the CFPB’s report of vacatur; not the actual vacatur judgment.
What was not established
- Complete amendment histories for every cited section, original 1980 and 2011 enactment bodies, full subsequent case treatment, or a complete constitutional inventory.
- A reconciled operative 2026 federal credit-card late-fee dollar limit.
- Every incorporated insurance, consumer-holder, bank-definition, disclosure-notice, territorial, or special-sector provision.
- Actual contracts, lawful rate selections, charters, balances, payments, interest-bearing judgment components, or court orders.
No actual person, provider, borrower, account, charter, property, case record, or docket was queried. No account interaction, contact, filing, purchase, application, browser control, subagent, local-file write, website change, or publication is claimed. This is a researcher self-check, not independent review.
Count reconciliation
| Item |
Exact count |
Counting rule |
| Source records |
52 |
S001–S052; compilation sections and alternate hosts are not counted as independent corroboration. |
| Fresh body/partial-body source records |
45 |
Includes scoped statutes, regulations, opinions, notices, reports, and data. |
| Fresh official index records |
2 |
S013–S014. |
| Failed-only source records |
3 |
S048–S050. Recovered-opinion failures remain inside S026/S029. |
| Discovery-only records |
2 |
S051–S052; not operative authority. |
| Atomic claims |
87 |
C001–C087. |
| Opinion records |
16 |
J01–J16; included within the source count. |
| Currentness tracking rows |
12 |
V01–V12; not additional sources or coverage credit. |
| Fictional postures |
16 |
F01–F16. |
| Independently worked models |
4 |
M01–M04. |
| Coverage rows |
76 |
G01–G76. |
| Answered coverage rows |
20 |
Bounded public-law or fictional demonstration completed. |
| Partial coverage rows |
38 |
Exact missing source/fact identified. |
| Unresolved coverage rows |
6 |
G36, G48, G49, G56, G62, G64. |
| Excluded/deferred coverage rows |
12 |
G63 and G66–G76. |
| Remaining incomplete/deferred coverage rows |
56 |
38 partial + 6 unresolved + 12 deferred; not additional duplicate coverage. |
| Provenance/contribution crosswalk rows |
4 |
X01–X04, separate from coverage. |
END S_AZ PASS-12.