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Separate federal from private loans

Student loan settlement options.
Start with clarity.

Federal and private student loans need separate reviews. Federal relief follows government programs and collection rules; private-loan issues depend on the holder, agreement and legal context.

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WHAT MAKES THIS DIFFERENT

Student loans

Federal Student Aid’s Repayment Calculator compares federal repayment options using loan information. Defaulted federal loans also have a separate resolution process. Neither route establishes what a private lender will offer.

What to gather first ↓

Before you request help

  • Separate federal and private loans using the loan records you already have.
  • Record each servicer, balance and status shown on the latest statement.
  • Prepare a budget and a list of questions for the current official federal resource or the private lender, as appropriate.

Bring the right records

You do not need to upload these to make an initial inquiry. Keep them for a conversation with the right creditor, professional or service.

  • Loan notes or ownership records
  • Recent servicer statements and status notices
  • Income-and-expense records for a repayment discussion

What to keep in view

This is not a promise of principal reduction or enrollment in an unsecured debt-settlement program. Government authority, collateral, liens, court orders or the loan subtype may require a separate administrative or legal process.

Official calculator results are estimates; final repayment terms follow the servicer’s processing of an application.

Do not assume a federal plan, rehabilitation route or forgiveness result applies to a private loan or is available to you.

Compare more than one route

Federal Student Aid’s Repayment Calculator compares federal repayment options using loan information. Defaulted federal loans also have a separate resolution process. Neither route establishes what a private lender will offer.

The research behind this topic

Read the complete saved research with its tables, direct sources, review notes and open questions. A source record is not a guarantee about your case.

Sources for this page

  1. Federal Student Aid — U.S. Department of Education: Compare Repayment Plans With Our Repayment Calculator – Federal Student Aid
  2. Federal Student Aid — U.S. Department of Education: Student Loan Default and Collections: FAQs – Federal Student Aid

Selected public guidance checked October 29, 2026. Source guidance is general; laws, contracts, program terms and individual circumstances can change the result. How we use sources.

YOUR NEXT STEP

Get clearer about student loans.

Begin with the type of obligation and the help you need.

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