{"meta":{"key":"s_mt--pass-24","task":"S_MT","title":"SMT Montana ordinary unsecured consumer-money-judgment real-estate execution and homestead","parent_title":"Montana debt and debt relief law","edition":"pass-24","path":"/research/s_mt--pass-24/","kind":"split_pass","category":"state","role":"state","area_numbers":[66],"groups":["collections"],"date":"2026-10-26","tables":6,"claims":68,"sources":20,"review_status":"three_bounded_procedure_redemption_source_render_groups_required","review_complete":true,"sha256":"53afe330a6c9226157c4024fc1e16afca4303b9d028f1fd55a8bb0f8c7d8e174","headings":["I. Core determinations","A. General seizure/exemption notice","B. General exemption request","C. Homestead-specific hearing","D. Burdens and evidence","E. Stay","Exact opinion locations","Example 1 — Ordinary nonhomestead parcel","Example 2 — Qualifying homestead below the 2026 cap","Example 3 — Equity above cap with a prior mortgage","Example 4 — Fifty-percent undivided interest","Example 5 — Spouse or co-owner interest unknown","Example 6 — Occupancy and abandonment disputed","Branch A — initial declaration while residing","Branch B — declaration first signed after permanent move","Branch C — property was sold, claimant vacated, and proceeds remain traceable","Example 7 — Missing notice and claim dates","Example 8 — Appraisal and divisibility disputed","Alternative report","Example 9 — Traceable proceeds after voluntary sale","Example 10 — Execution sale, redemption, and satisfaction","Freshly read","Numeric checks","Access and currentness limits","Bounded negative findings","Not read or resolved"],"generation_provenance":{"actual_route":"regular_chat_adaptive_models","actual_model":"GPT-5.6 Sol","actual_mode":"Pro","provenance_limit":"Actual documented capture labels only; missing labels remain unknown. No preferred setting is inferred as actual execution."},"public_id":"S_MT/pass-24","facets":{"geography":["us","us-mt"],"debt_type":[],"stage":["judgment","levy"],"subject":["client-money","exemptions-property"]},"scope":"Independent real-estate execution/homestead; only afterMT23complete/saved; no unreviewed prior findings as premises","pending_corrections":0},"markdown":"# S_MT PASS-24 — Montana ordinary unsecured consumer-money-judgment real-estate execution and homestead\n\n**Fresh research session:** October 26, 2026, Pacific / October 26, 2026, UTC\n**Mode:** Regular Chat with public primary-source browsing\n**Relationship to prior work:** Distinct real-estate execution and homestead component. PASS-18, PASS-21, PASS-22, and PASS-23 remain unreviewed and are not treated as accepted premises. Narrow judgment-lien, execution, notice, stay, and satisfaction authorities were freshly read for this pass.\n\n**Component status:** **PARTIAL.** Montana’s judgment-lien gateways, county-specific lien creation, writ route, order of resort, current homestead amount, declaration and ownership requirements, ordinary unsecured-creditor appraisal procedure, real-estate sale, statutory redemption, proceeds protection, stay routes, and principal Montana Supreme Court constructions are established. Actual title, occupancy, county, declaration, mortgage, appraisal, lien priority, notices, sale costs, court orders, and local practices remain fact-dependent.\n\n## I. Core determinations\n\n1. **Judgment entry, judgment docketing, lien creation, levy, sale, and distribution are different events.**Entry creates the court judgment.District Court docketing creates a county lien on the debtor’s **nonexempt** real property.Filing a certified transcript creates a lien in another county.A writ authorizes execution.A levy identifies property for execution.A homestead levy triggers an additional appraisal proceeding.A properly noticed auction can produce a sale.Only after costs, exemptions, superior interests, and priorities are resolved can money be distributed.A debt, account assignment, collection placement, debt-relief enrollment, or even an entered judgment does not by itself authorize the sale of a house. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html)\n2. **A Montana District Court judgment becomes a real-property lien when docketed, not merely when announced or signed.** The lien reaches real property in that county that the judgment debtor then owns or later acquires, but only to the extent it is not exempt from execution. The ordinary lien continues ten years unless the judgment is sooner satisfied. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html)\n3. **The lien is not automatically statewide.** In another Montana county, the creditor must file a certified transcript of the original docket with that county’s District Court clerk. The lien begins there upon filing but expires ten years from the original judgment-entry date, not ten years from the later transcript filing. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0020/0250-0090-0030-0020.html)\n4. **A Justice Court judgment creates no real-property lien until a certified transcript is filed with the District Court clerk in the county where the land is situated.** Small Claims judgments use Justice Court enforcement law. City- and Municipal-Court implementation is only partially resolved in this pass; their general jurisdiction and procedural statutes do not supply a separately authenticated statewide real-estate execution packet. [Montana Code Annotated+4](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0310/part_0090/section_0140/0250-0310-0090-0140.html)\n5. **A registered sister-state judgment is treated as a Montana District Court judgment, but registration and notice must occur first.** The creditor must file the required affidavit and certified-mail notice, and execution proceeds cannot be distributed to that creditor earlier than 30 days after mailing. A federal District of Montana or Ninth Circuit judgment requires the separate certified-transcript filing in MCA §25-9-303 before it becomes a Montana county real-property lien. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0030/0250-0090-0050-0030.html)\n6. **Montana ordinarily requires execution first against personal property and only then against real property when sufficient personal property cannot be found.** The writ directed at a real-property lien instructs the sheriff or levying officer to satisfy the judgment from real property owned when the judgment was docketed—or, in another county, when the transcript was filed—or later acquired. This sequence does not adjudicate title, value, exemptions, or priority. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html)\n7. **District Court execution is ordinarily stayed for 14 days after judgment entry.** An appeal alone does not create a further stay. A stay pending appeal ordinarily requires District Court relief and an approved supersedeas bond or alternative security unless waived. Private negotiations, a settlement proposal, a declaration dispute, or a regulator complaint do not automatically stop execution. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0200/part_0070/section_0620/0250-0200-0070-0620.html)\n8. **Montana’s 2026 homestead value limit is $425,828.** MCA §70-32-104 established $350,000 for 2021 and requires a 4% increase each calendar year. The Montana Department of Revenue’s current 2026 publication states that its $430,828 HELP Integrity Fee threshold consists of the $425,828 homestead amount plus $5,000. The operative current ARM text setting that amount was not recovered through the public rules portal, so the amount is supported by the statute and DOR’s current operational publication rather than a freshly authenticated ARM body. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0040/0700-0320-0010-0040.html)\n9. **The exemption is not automatic.** The person selecting a homestead must execute, acknowledge, and record a declaration. The declaration ordinarily must state that the declarant resides on the premises, claims them as a homestead, and describe the premises. It must be recorded in the county where the land is situated. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0050/0700-0320-0010-0050.html)\n10. **A qualifying homestead consists of the dwelling house or mobile home, appurtenances, and the land on which it is situated, in which the claimant resides.** Montana’s former acreage provision was repealed in 1981; there is no current express numerical acreage cap in §70-32-102. Acreage remains bounded functionally by the dwelling, appurtenances, ownership, use, divisibility, and value requirements. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0010/0700-0320-0010-0010.html)\n11. **There is no head-of-household or dependent requirement in the current chapter.** A married claimant may select a homestead from property of either spouse; an unmarried claimant may select from the claimant’s own property. Property contributed to a revocable trust may qualify when the settlor’s property otherwise would qualify, with the settlor treated as the claimant. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0030/0700-0320-0010-0030.html)\n12. **Spouses do not receive two stacked $425,828 exemptions merely because they are married.** The chapter establishes one homestead value limit. If the claimant owns an undivided interest, the exemption is proportional to that interest. For example, a verified 50% undivided interest produces a 2026 maximum of:\n\n$425,828×50%=$212,914\\$425,828\\times 50\\%=\\boxed{\\$212,914}$425,828×50%=$212,914​The actual title fraction must be proved. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0040/0700-0320-0010-0040.html)\n\n1. **The initial-declaration signature question is narrower than many sample forms suggest.** Section 70-32-105 says the “person selecting” the homestead executes and acknowledges the declaration. Sections 70-32-301 and 302 expressly require both spouses for a later conveyance, encumbrance, or abandonment of a married person’s homestead. The official sample form contains two signature lines, but no controlling case located in this pass holds that both spouses must sign every initial declaration regardless of title and claimant status. That precise initial-signature issue remains held. [Montana Code Annotated+3](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0050/0700-0320-0010-0050.html)\n2. **The last completed property-assessment roll is prima facie evidence of homestead value, but it is not conclusive.** In the creditor’s appraisal proceeding, three appointed appraisers view the premises and report the value and whether the property can be divided without material injury. Actual market value, title interests, and senior liens remain separate factual questions. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0040/0700-0320-0010-0040.html)\n3. **The statutory “value” test and practical net equity must be kept separate.**Section 70-32-104 and the appraisal proceeding use property value.Only the debtor’s actual ownership interest can be sold.Senior mortgages and other superior interests affect what an unsecured creditor can realize.The Department of Revenue’s operational guidance calculates homeowner equity as market value minus principal secured by the home.\n\n   A simple net-equity formula is a useful bound, not a substitute for the appraisal, minimum-bid, title, and priority rules:\n\n\\text{Potential nonexempt equity}\n=\n\\max(0,\\text{debtor-owned value}-\\text{senior liens}-\\text{homestead amount})\n\\] :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"14\"}\n\n\n16. **An ordinary unsecured judgment lien is not one of Montana’s exclusive homestead exceptions.** The enumerated exceptions are judgments on:\n   - construction or vendor liens on the premises;\n   - mortgages executed and acknowledged by both spouses or by an unmarried claimant; and\n   - mortgages executed and recorded before the homestead declaration.  \n   \n   Montana’s Supreme Court held in *J&L Lands v. Nezat* that these exceptions are exclusive and that an ordinary judgment lien recorded before the homestead declaration does not defeat the later declaration. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"15\"}\n\n17. **A declaration may be recorded after an ordinary judgment lien.** In *J&L Lands*, the Court explained that the Legislature deliberately removed the former prior-judgment exception and permitted a homestead declaration after the judgment was recorded. The declaration does not necessarily erase the lien’s public record, but it prevents ordinary execution against protected homestead value except through the chapter’s specific procedure. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"16\"}\n\n18. **The homestead exemption is liberally construed, but ownership remains indispensable.** *623 Partners v. Hunter* held that a claimant who never lawfully owned the property because a fraudulent transfer was avoided could not claim it as a homestead. The decision does not permit sham transfers or concealment; it requires actual present or prior qualifying ownership. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"17\"}\n\n19. **A recorded declaration ordinarily requires residence when made, but traceable proceeds receive a special rule.** Section 70-32-106 requires a statement that the declarant resides on the premises, subject to §70-32-216. *In re Snyder* held that traceable proceeds can be claimed after sale and after the owner has vacated when the property could have qualified as an exempt homestead at disposal. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"18\"}\n\n20. **A valid homestead can be abandoned only through the formal statutory routes: a declaration of abandonment or a grant.** For a married claimant, both spouses execute and acknowledge the abandonment or grant; for an unmarried claimant, the claimant does so. The abandonment declaration becomes effective only when filed where the homestead declaration was recorded. Mere temporary absence is not identified in the statute as the abandonment instrument, but initial eligibility, actual ownership, and the proceeds branch remain fact-dependent. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"19\"}\n\n21. **The chapter’s express exceptions do not silently expand to every tax, support, Medicaid, probate, bankruptcy, or governmental claim.** Those specialized regimes can have their own controlling laws and are excluded here. MCA §25-13-607 separately permits levy against exempt property for the property’s purchase price or an express purchase loan used to acquire it; how that general Part 6 provision interacts with Chapter 32 beyond the chapter’s vendor-lien language was not resolved by a controlling ordinary-consumer case located in this pass. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"20\"}\n\n22. **For an ordinary unsecured judgment, the creditor must first levy on the claimed homestead and then file a verified appraisal petition in the District Court of the county where the homestead is situated.** The petition must allege:\n   - that execution was levied on the homestead;\n   - the claimant’s name; and\n   - that the homestead’s value exceeds the exemption.  \n   \n   The petition is not a substitute for the original writ or levy. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"21\"}\n\n23. **The creditor must personally serve the claimant with the petition and hearing notice at least two days before the appraisal hearing.** At the hearing, after proof of service and petition facts, the judge may appoint three disinterested county residents and freeholders, who must take an oath. The statute does not specify additional “mail days” or a universal objection deadline. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"22\"}\n\n24. **The appraisers inspect and value the premises and determine divisibility.** Their written report is due within 15 days after appointment. If value does not exceed the exemption, the reviewed homestead-sale statutes provide no ordinary unsecured-creditor route to sale. If value exceeds the exemption:\n   - divisible property: the court sets off land including the residence worth the exemption, and execution reaches only the remainder;\n   - indivisible property: the court orders an execution sale. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"23\"}\n\n25. **No homestead-sale bid may be accepted unless it exceeds the applicable exemption amount.** If a sale occurs, proceeds up to the exemption are paid to the claimant and the balance is applied to execution. The creditor initially pays appraisal-proceeding costs; where division or sale follows, those costs are added as execution costs. Appraiser compensation is a reasonable amount fixed by the court—not a statutory flat fee. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"24\"}\n\n26. **The claimant’s statutory exemption comes before the ordinary judgment lien.** *J&L Lands* held that the full homestead exemption is satisfied before an ordinary judgment creditor takes sale proceeds. After costs and the homestead are addressed, creditors are paid according to their legally established ranking. The case does not determine every dispute involving mortgages, taxes, or other superior liens. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"25\"}\n\n27. **General real-estate sale notice requires 20 days of posting and publication.** The notice must particularly describe the property, be posted for 20 days in three public county locations and where the sale will occur, and be published once a week for the same period in a county newspaper if one exists. The sale may occur at the courthouse or on the premises. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"26\"}\n\n28. **The sale is a public auction to the highest bidder between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.** Separate known lots or parcels must be sold separately. The debtor, if present, may direct the order of sale among separable parcels, and the officer must stop after sufficient property has been sold. The officer or deputy cannot purchase or be interested in a purchase. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"27\"}\n\n29. **The statutory sale-notice provision does not expressly require individualized sale notice to every spouse, co-owner, or lienholder.** The homestead appraisal petition must be personally served on the claimant, and the general execution statutes require the debtor’s seizure/exemption notice. Whether due process requires additional individualized notice to a particular known co-owner or lienholder depends on the interest being affected and the actual record. No universal rule for every ordinary execution sale is supplied here. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"28\"}\n\n30. **An officer selling without the prescribed notice is subject to a `$500` forfeiture plus actual damages.** That remedy does not automatically establish that every notice defect voids the sale or guarantees damages; causation, defenses, the purchaser’s posture, and equitable relief remain case-specific. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"29\"}\n\n31. **The purchaser receives only the judgment debtor’s right, title, interest, and claim.** A sale does not automatically transfer a co-owner’s interest or erase a valid senior lien. The officer issues a certificate identifying the property, price by parcel, total price, and redemption status, and files a duplicate with the county clerk. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"30\"}\n\n32. **Montana real property sold on execution is generally subject to redemption for one year.** The judgment debtor, spouse, successor, and specified later lien creditors can redeem. Redemption requires the purchase price plus judgment-rate interest, qualifying taxes and assessments, reasonable maintenance and repair expenditures with interest, and certain prior liens held by the purchaser. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"31\"}\n\n33. **The debtor always receives the full one-year redemption period.** If no redemption occurs, the purchaser or assignee becomes entitled to a conveyance. A debtor’s redemption terminates the sale and restores the debtor’s estate; a spouse’s redemption transfers the debtor-spouse’s interest to the spouse subject to existing liens. The certificate of redemption must be recorded. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"32\"}\n\n34. **During the redemption year, a purchaser cannot dispossess a debtor who personally occupies the property as a home for the debtor and family.** A purchaser can receive tenant rents, but net rents and profits reduce the redemption amount. A written accounting demand can extend the redemption period under the statute’s limited conditions. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"33\"}\n\n35. **An appeal or private objection does not itself stop the appraisal or sale process.** An actual Rule 62 or Appellate Rule 22 stay, injunction, supersedeas bond, alternative security, stipulation, or another controlling order is required. After sale, the court may restrain waste or injury to the property for good cause. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"34\"}\n\n36. **The reviewed homestead statutes do not supply a separate deadline for objecting to the appraisers’ report, a universal sale-confirmation hearing, or a specialized homestead appeal route.** General Montana civil and appellate procedure may govern, but the actual order’s finality, service, preservation, and stay posture must be examined. These issues remain unresolved rather than being filled with a generic auction narrative.\n\n37. **Execution-sale proceeds equal to the exemption remain protected for 18 months.** Section 70-32-216 separately protects traceable proceeds for 18 months when property that could have qualified was sold, condemned, lost, damaged, or destroyed and indemnified. FIFO, LIFO, or another reasonable tracing method selected by the debtor may be used. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"35\"}\n\n38. **Full judgment satisfaction and lien release require a final accounting and record entry.** A returned satisfied execution or filed acknowledgment can support docket satisfaction. A partial distribution does not justify full satisfaction. Satisfaction of one county docket does not automatically prove that every other county transcript or federal/foreign registration has been updated. :chatgpt-content-reference{index=\"36\"}\n\n---\n\n# II. Entry, lien, levy, sale, and distribution matrix\n\n| Stage | Actor | Required event or document | Legal effect | What it does **not** establish |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| Debt or account default | Creditor/consumer | Contract and account facts | Potential claim | Judgment, lien, levy, or sale |\n| Judgment entry | Court/clerk | Final money judgment | Judicial obligation | County real-property lien by itself |\n| District docketing | Clerk | Judgment docket entry | County lien on debtor’s nonexempt real property | Statewide lien or execution |\n| Other-county lien | Creditor/clerk | Certified docket transcript filed there | Lien in that county | New ten-year period |\n| Justice judgment lien | Creditor/District clerk | Certified Justice docket transcript | County lien on nonexempt land | Automatic lien from Justice judgment alone |\n| Foreign judgment | Creditor/District clerk | Authentication, filing, affidavit, notice | Treated like Montana District judgment | Immediate distribution before 30-day period |\n| Federal judgment | Creditor/District clerk | Certified federal transcript filed | County lien under §25-9-303 | Automatic state lien from federal entry alone |\n| Writ issuance | Clerk/judge | Enforceable judgment and execution request | Authority to execute | Title, value, exemption, or priority |\n| Order of resort | Sheriff/creditor | Insufficient personal property | Permits resort to real property | Homestead sale authority |\n| Levy | Sheriff/levying officer | Writ applied to identified land/interest | Brings property into execution process | Completed sale |\n| Homestead petition | Creditor | Verified petition after levy | Requests appraisal process | Automatic appraisal appointment or sale |\n| Appraisal order | District Court | Service, hearing, proof | Appoints appraisers | Final value or divisibility |\n| Appraisal report | Appraisers | Inspection and report | Evidence of value/divisibility | Automatic sale without court order |\n| Division order | Court | Value over cap and divisible | Sets off residence/land equal to cap | Sale of protected setoff |\n| Sale order | Court | Value over cap and indivisible | Directs execution sale | Completed sale or distribution |\n| Sale notice | Sheriff | 20-day posting/publication | Gives statutory auction notice | Guaranteed constitutional notice in every unusual case |\n| Auction | Sheriff | Proper notice and statutory sale | Highest bid accepted if lawful | Immediate deed or extinguishment of all liens |\n| Certificate of sale | Sheriff/county clerk | Sale completed | Records purchase and redemption status | Final title before redemption ends |\n| Redemption | Debtor/spouse/redemptioner | Statutory payment and documents | Terminates or supersedes sale interest | Release of unrelated liens |\n| Sheriff’s deed | Sheriff | Redemption period ends | Conveys debtor’s sold interest | More title than debtor owned |\n| Distribution | Sheriff/court | Costs, exemption, and priorities resolved | Applies lawful proceeds | Automatic full judgment satisfaction |\n| Satisfaction | Clerk/creditor/court | Returned satisfied execution or acknowledgment | Updates judgment docket | Automatic update of every other record |\n\n---\n\n# III. Court and judgment-route matrix\n\n| Court or judgment route | Real-property lien gateway | Execution route | Principal unresolved point |\n|---|---|---|---|\n| **Montana District Court** | Docketing under §25-9-301 | District writ; personal property first; real-property writ under §25-13-305 | Actual docket, county, stay, and title |\n| **Another Montana county** | Certified transcript under §25-9-302 | Writ in that county | Transcript filing date and original expiration |\n| **Justice Court** | Certified docket transcript filed with county District Court clerk | Justice/City writ and Montana execution statutes | Actual transcript and local clerk practice |\n| **Small Claims** | Justice Court enforcement route | Justice writ | Judgment and transcript |\n| **City Court** | General Justice/City procedural framework | Limited-court execution | Exact real-property transcript provision not separately authenticated |\n| **Municipal Court** | Coordinate Justice jurisdiction; District-style procedure generally | Court-specific route | Exact municipal lien and form implementation |\n| **Sister-state judgment** | UEFJA registration and notice | Montana District execution | Original validity, registration, and 30-day distribution rule |\n| **Federal District of Montana/Ninth Circuit judgment** | Certified transcript under §25-9-303 | Montana county execution | Federal judgment and transcript |\n| **Private arbitration award** | None until court judgment | None | Confirmation and judgment remain separate |\n| **Confirmed arbitration judgment** | Ordinary court-judgment docketing after entry | Ordinary execution | Actual order and judgment entry |\n\n---\n\n# IV. Homestead qualification matrix\n\n| Element | Current Montana requirement | Consequence or hold |\n|---|---|---|\n| Property type | Dwelling house or mobile home, appurtenances, and land on which situated | Pure investment parcel does not qualify merely because owned |\n| Occupancy | Declarant ordinarily resides on premises when declaration made | Temporary absence and unusual mixed use are fact-specific |\n| Ownership | Married claimant: property of either spouse; unmarried claimant: claimant’s property | Creditor reaches only debtor-owned interest |\n| Revocable trust | Settlor may claim if property otherwise would qualify | Trust and settlor facts required |\n| Head of household | No current requirement located | Unmarried claimant can qualify |\n| Dependents | No current requirement located | Dependents do not increase the value cap |\n| Acreage | No express current numerical cap | Land must remain within the statutory homestead and divisibility analysis |\n| Declaration | Executed, acknowledged, and recorded | Not automatic |\n| Declaration content | Residence statement, claim, and property description | §216 proceeds branch is the express qualification |\n| Recording office | County clerk where land is situated | Unrecorded declaration is not the statutory selection |\n| 2026 value limit | `$425,828` | Current DOR amount; ARM body not recovered |\n| Undivided interest | Proportional exemption | Title fraction required |\n| Spousal stacking | No double cap | One statutory limit |\n| Initial spouse signatures | Statute says person selecting; forms commonly provide two lines | Universal both-spouse requirement unresolved |\n| Later conveyance/encumbrance | Both spouses execute and acknowledge | Applies to married homestead |\n| Abandonment | Declaration of abandonment or grant; both spouses if married | Effective when filed where homestead recorded |\n| Ordinary prior judgment lien | Not an exclusive exception | Declaration may be recorded after lien |\n| Mortgages/vendor/construction liens | Express exceptions under §202 | Full secured-foreclosure law excluded |\n| Purchase-price/purchase-loan claim | General §25-13-607 exception exists | Exact Chapter 32 interaction held |\n| Proceeds | 18-month traceable protection | Source and timing must be proved |\n\n---\n\n# V. Homestead appraisal and sale procedure\n\n| Step | Actor | Exact predicate | Relative deadline | Result |\n|---|---|---|---:|---|\n| 1. Ordinary lien and writ | Creditor/clerk | Enforceable ordinary judgment and county lien | Judgment-specific | Writ issued |\n| 2. Order of resort | Sheriff/creditor | Insufficient personal property | Writ term | Real-property execution considered |\n| 3. Homestead levy | Sheriff | Writ levied on declared homestead | — | Triggers Chapter 32 process |\n| 4. Verified petition | Creditor | Levy, claimant identity, alleged value over cap | After levy | Filed in District Court where homestead situated |\n| 5. Personal service | Creditor/process server | Petition and hearing notice | At least 2 days before hearing | Claimant receives appraisal hearing notice |\n| 6. Hearing | District judge | Proof of service and petition facts | Court-set | May appoint three appraisers |\n| 7. Appraiser oath | Appraisers | Appointment | Before duties | Appraisers qualified |\n| 8. Inspection/appraisal | Appraisers | View premises | — | Determine value and divisibility |\n| 9. Written report | Appraisers | Appointment | Within 15 days | Reports value and divisibility |\n| 10A. Value not over cap | Court | Report/record | — | No ordinary sale branch established |\n| 10B. Over cap and divisible | Court/appraisers | Division without material injury | — | Set off residence/land worth cap; remainder executable |\n| 10C. Over cap and indivisible | Court | Cannot divide without material injury | — | Court orders sale |\n| 11. Sale notice | Sheriff | Sale order | 20 days posting/publication | Auction scheduled |\n| 12. Auction | Sheriff | Lawful notice | Set date | Bid must exceed homestead amount |\n| 13. Proceeds | Sheriff/court | Completed sale | — | Claimant receives exemption; balance applied to execution |\n| 14. Certificate | Sheriff/county clerk | Sale | Prompt statutory filing | Starts redemption record |\n| 15. Redemption | Debtor/spouse/redemptioner | Statutory payment and paperwork | Within 1 year | Sale terminated or redemption interest acquired |\n| 16. Deed | Sheriff | No redemption | After one year | Purchaser receives debtor’s sold interest |\n\nThe chapter does not specify a dedicated objection period to the appraisal report or a universal confirmation hearing after auction. Those procedural questions depend on the actual order and general civil/appellate rules.\n\n---\n\n# VI. Value, priority, mortgage, and net-equity framework\n\nFor a debtor with ownership fraction \\(f\\):\n\n\\[\n\\text{Debtor-owned gross value}=V\\times fProportional homestead cap=H×f\\text{Proportional homestead cap}=H\\times fProportional homestead cap=H×fwhere the full 2026 HHH is $425,828.\n\nA practical—but not independently dispositive—net-equity bound is:\n\nPotential nonexempt equity=max⁡(0, (V×f)−L−(H×f))\\text{Potential nonexempt equity}\n=\n\\max\n\\left(\n0,\\,\n(V\\times f)\n-\nL\n-\n(H\\times f)\n\\right)Potential nonexempt equity=max(0,(V×f)−L−(H×f))where LLL represents properly allocated senior liens against the debtor’s interest.\n\nThis formula does **not** determine:\n\n- whether the statutory appraised value exceeds the cap;\n- whether land can be divided;\n- whether a senior mortgage is paid from sale or survives against the purchaser;\n- whether the creditor’s lien has priority;\n- auction price;\n- appraiser, publication, sheriff, or court costs;\n- redemption; or\n- title defects.\n\nThe statutory minimum for an indivisible homestead sale remains that no bid may be accepted unless it exceeds the applicable homestead exemption. The purchaser receives only the debtor’s interest, and *J&L Lands* requires the protected homestead amount to be satisfied before the ordinary judgment lien. [Montana Code Annotated+3](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0110/0700-0320-0020-0110.html)\n\nA bounded distribution sequence is therefore:\n\n1. Establish gross sale proceeds.\n2. Resolve the interest actually sold and any superior liens.\n3. Resolve authorized sale and appraisal costs.\n4. Pay the claimant the protected homestead amount as Chapter 32 requires.\n5. Apply remaining proceeds among creditors according to legally established priority.\n6. Return any true surplus to the debtor.\n\nThe exact ordering between particular senior consensual liens, sale costs, and gross bid treatment requires the actual title and court order and is not replaced by this simplified sequence.\n\n# VII. Notice, claim, hearing, stay, and challenge boundaries\n\n## A. General seizure/exemption notice\n\nAfter execution on property, the officer must notify the judgment debtor within five days. The notice must identify the seized property, action, judgment date, creditor, possible exemptions, and how to request an exemption hearing. Personal service or first-class mail to the last-known address is permitted; mail service is complete when mailed. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0110/0250-0130-0020-0110.html)\n\n## B. General exemption request\n\nA debtor claiming an exemption must file a written hearing request with the issuing court, identify the property, explain the exemption, include supporting documents, and mail same-day copies to the creditor or counsel and the sheriff or levying officer. The request is due within ten days, excluding weekends and holidays, from personal receipt or the officer’s mailing date. The hearing follows within ten days, excluding weekends and holidays, after the court receives it. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0120/0250-0130-0020-0120.html)\n\n## C. Homestead-specific hearing\n\nThe creditor separately must serve the homestead appraisal petition and hearing notice personally at least two days before that hearing. The two-day appraisal-hearing notice does not replace the officer’s seizure/exemption notice. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0050/0700-0320-0020-0050.html)\n\n## D. Burdens and evidence\n\n- **Creditor:** verified petition alleging levy and value above the cap.\n- **Claimant:** declaration, title/ownership, residence, legal description, recorded instrument, valuation, mortgages, and other supporting evidence.\n- **Appraisers:** inspect and report value/divisibility.\n- **Court:** determines whether to appoint appraisers and later orders division or sale.\n- **Challenger:** must preserve objections under applicable general procedure; Chapter 32 does not provide a standalone objection deadline.\n\n## E. Stay\n\nNeither of the following automatically stays execution:\n\n- filing an appeal without approved security;\n- private negotiations or a proposed settlement;\n- an informal objection to value;\n- a regulator complaint;\n- a title-company inquiry;\n- a declaration recorded without any resulting court order where sale proceedings already are contested.\n\nA stay requires Rule 62 relief, Appellate Rule 22 security, a statutory injunction, a written stipulation, or another effective court order. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0200/part_0070/section_0620/0250-0200-0070-0620.html)\n\n# VIII. Redemption and post-sale matrix\n\n| Question | Current rule |\n| --- | --- |\n| Who may redeem? | Debtor, spouse, successor, qualifying later judgment/mortgage/attachment lienholder |\n| Basic period | One year after sale |\n| Basic payment | Purchase price plus judgment-rate interest |\n| Additional payment | Purchaser-paid taxes/assessments plus interest |\n| Maintenance/repair | Reasonable expenditures plus interest |\n| Purchaser’s prior lien | Paid when applicable |\n| Notice | Written notice to sheriff; duplicate filed with county clerk |\n| Redemptioner documents | Certified lien/judgment record, necessary assignments, affidavit of amount due |\n| Debtor redemption effect | Sale terminates and debtor’s estate restored |\n| Spouse redemption effect | Spouse acquires debtor-spouse’s interest subject to existing liens |\n| No redemption | Purchaser entitled to deed after one year |\n| Debtor possession | Purchaser cannot dispossess personally occupying debtor/family during redemption year |\n| Tenant rents | Purchaser may receive, but net rents credit redemption amount |\n| Accounting demand | Can extend period under §25-13-822’s conditions |\n| Waste | Court may restrain; ordinary prior use and necessary repairs remain permitted |\n\n# IX. Official forms and public instructions\n\n| Resource | Issuer and literal URL | Version/read bounds | Purpose and limitations |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Real Estate–Property forms page | Montana Judicial Branch — https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate | Fresh HTML read October 26, 2026 | Official route to declaration and abandonment forms; not substantive law |\n| Homestead Declaration | Montana Judicial Branch — https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/Homestead3.pdf | One page; printed p.1/PDF index 0; no visible revision date | Sample declaration with two signature lines, legal description, residence statement, and notary; does not settle universal signature requirement |\n| Declaration instructions | DPHHS-hosted — https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf | Two pages; printed pp.1–2/PDF indices 0–1; no visible revision date | Explains legal description and recording; its “up to $7 per page” statement is stale and superseded by current statute |\n| MSU MontGuide | MSU Extension — https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf | Revised 03/25; printed pp.1–4/PDF indices 0–3 | Helpful secondary guide, but its $425,827 2026 figure conflicts by $1 with current DOR, and its prior-judgment discussion conflicts with *J&L Lands* |\n| Recording standards | Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html | Current MCA 2025 HTML | Paper, ink, signature, margin, return-address, and property-description requirements |\n| Recording fee | Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0370/0070-0040-0260-0370.html | Current MCA 2025 HTML | $20 first page plus $10 each additional standard page; nonstandard surcharge $10; inflation adjustment begins July 1, 2027 |\n| District execution fee | Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html | Current MCA 2025 HTML | $25 to issue execution or order of sale |\n| Sheriff fees | Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0320/part_0210/section_0410/0070-0320-0210-0410.html | Current MCA 2025 HTML | County governing body sets fees; listed amounts are fallback only |\n\nNo current statewide form specifically titled:\n\n- homestead appraisal petition;\n- appraiser oath or report;\n- homestead division order;\n- sheriff real-estate-sale notice;\n- redemption notice;\n- redemption certificate;\n- homestead-proceeds tracing schedule; or\n- ordinary real-estate execution objection\n\nwas identified on the reviewed Judicial Branch pages. Local sheriff or clerk forms may exist; no county-specific search or contact was performed.\n\n# X. Material controlling decisions\n\n| Decision | Facts and posture | Holding used here | Limits |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| ***J&L Lands, LP v. Nezat*, 2022 MT 111** | Appeal from summary judgment awarding a judgment creditor proceeds from sold homestead property | Homestead statutes are liberally construed; §202 exceptions are exclusive; declaration may follow recorded judgment; full exemption precedes ordinary judgment lien | Voluntary sale and unusual title chain; does not decide every mortgage/tax priority |\n| ***In re Snyder*, 2006 MT 308** | Certified bankruptcy question concerning declaration filed after home was sold and claimant vacated | Section 216 protects traceable proceeds when property could have qualified at disposal; post-sale declaration not invalid merely because claimant no longer resides there | Bankruptcy posture; no general bankruptcy coverage adopted |\n| ***623 Partners, LLC v. Hunter*, 2016 MT 336** | Appeal after a fraudulent transfer was avoided and claimant asserted homestead | Claimant must own or have owned qualifying property; void transfer meant claimant never lawfully owned and could not claim homestead | Fraudulent-transfer facts; no general transfer-planning advice |\n\n### Exact opinion locations\n\n- ***J&L Lands***: majority ¶¶7–11, printed pp.4–8, zero-based PDF indices 3–7. The opinion is a complete reproduction of the Montana Supreme Court’s decision. [Justia Law+1](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2022/da-21-0493.html)\n- ***Snyder***: ¶10 at printed p.4/PDF index 3; ¶¶13–14 at printed pp.5–6/PDF indices 4–5. [Justia Law+2](https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2006-11-29-4F3840BD-4B60-44D2-9886-AA7F2F236C15.pdf?ts=1462389566)\n- ***623 Partners***: ¶¶13–18, printed pp.6–9/PDF indices 5–8. [Justia Law+1](https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2016-da-16-0234.pdf?ts=1482276769)\n\nNo intermediate Montana Court of Appeals authority applies because the reviewed published state appellate decisions come from the Montana Supreme Court. No U.S. Supreme Court decision was necessary to determine the current Chapter 32 procedures. Broader federal due-process notice issues remain fact-specific and are not converted into a universal additional mailing rule here.\n\n# XI. Bounded hypothetical workflows\n\nAll amounts are hypothetical U.S. dollars. Arithmetic does not establish title, valuation, lien validity, occupancy, declaration validity, sale entitlement, or priority.\n\n## Example 1 — Ordinary nonhomestead parcel\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- District judgment properly docketed in County A.\n- Vacant parcel is not a dwelling or homestead.\n- Personal-property execution is insufficient.\n- Debtor owns the parcel outright.\n- No superior lien.\n- Parcel value: $90,000.\n- Judgment, lawful interest, and allowed costs: $30,000.\n- Authorized sale expenses are represented by CCC.\n\nPossible sale sequence:\n\n1. Writ directs execution against real property.\n2. Sheriff levies.\n3. Debtor receives seizure notice.\n4. Sheriff gives 20-day posting and newspaper notice.\n5. Auction occurs.\n6. Certificate of sale issues.\n7. One-year redemption period begins.\n\nIf auction proceeds are $80,000:\n\nPotential amount available after sale costs=$80,000−C\\text{Potential amount available after sale costs}\n=\n\\$80,000-CPotential amount available after sale costs=$80,000−CCreditor distribution is bounded by:\n\nmin⁡($30,000,$80,000−C)\\min(\\$30,000,\\$80,000-C)min($30,000,$80,000−C)Any true surplus remains for the debtor or other legally entitled party. The purchaser receives only the debtor’s interest and remains subject to the one-year redemption process.\n\n## Example 2 — Qualifying homestead below the 2026 cap\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Valid recorded declaration.\n- Debtor owns 100%.\n- Appraised homestead value: $400,000.\n- Mortgage principal: $100,000.\n- 2026 cap: $425,828.\n\nGross-value comparison:\n\n$400,000<$425,828\\$400,000<\\$425,828$400,000<$425,828Practical equity:\n\n$400,000−$100,000=$300,000\\$400,000-\\$100,000\n=\n\\$300,000$400,000−$100,000=$300,000Both are below the cap.\n\nA creditor cannot truthfully satisfy §70-32-204’s allegation that the homestead value exceeds the exemption. The reviewed ordinary unsecured-creditor homestead procedure supplies no sale route on those assumptions.\n\n## Example 3 — Equity above cap with a prior mortgage\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Valid declaration.\n- Debtor owns 100%.\n- Appraised value: $700,000.\n- Valid senior mortgage: $200,000.\n- 2026 cap: $425,828.\n- Authorized appraisal/sale costs unknown.\n\nDebtor equity before exemption:\n\n$700,000−$200,000=$500,000\\$700,000-\\$200,000\n=\n\\$500,000$700,000−$200,000=$500,000Potential nonexempt equity before costs:\n\n$500,000−$425,828=$74,172\\$500,000-\\$425,828\n=\n\\boxed{\\$74,172}$500,000−$425,828=$74,172​This $74,172 is only a practical ceiling before costs and priority. The creditor still must:\n\n- levy;\n- file the verified petition;\n- serve the claimant;\n- obtain appraisal findings;\n- obtain a sale order if indivisible;\n- secure a bid exceeding $425,828; and\n- resolve how the senior mortgage affects the interest sold and proceeds.\n\nIf lawful costs equal CCC, a simplified bound is:\n\nmax⁡(0,$74,172−C)\\max(0,\\$74,172-C)max(0,$74,172−C)No mortgage payoff, auction result, or creditor recovery is guaranteed.\n\n## Example 4 — Fifty-percent undivided interest\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Whole property value: $800,000.\n- Debtor owns an established 50% undivided interest.\n- Debtor’s allocated share of valid senior debt: $150,000.\n- Qualifying declaration.\n- No contrary title facts.\n\nDebtor gross interest:\n\n$800,000×50%=$400,000\\$800,000\\times 50\\%\n=\n\\$400,000$800,000×50%=$400,000Proportional homestead exemption:\n\n$425,828×50%=$212,914\\$425,828\\times 50\\%\n=\n\\$212,914$425,828×50%=$212,914Debtor net equity before exemption:\n\n$400,000−$150,000=$250,000\\$400,000-\\$150,000\n=\n\\$250,000$400,000−$150,000=$250,000Potential nonexempt equity:\n\n$250,000−$212,914=$37,086\\$250,000-\\$212,914\n=\n\\boxed{\\$37,086}$250,000−$212,914=$37,086​The purchaser could acquire only the debtor’s interest. The co-owner’s interest is not sold merely because the whole parcel has one street address. Actual sale practicality, partition, mortgage allocation, and co-owner notice remain unresolved.\n\n## Example 5 — Spouse or co-owner interest unknown\n\n**Facts**\n\n- Judgment is against Spouse A.\n- Deed may list Spouse B alone, both spouses jointly, or a trust.\n- Declaration lists both spouses.\n- No title report or trust instrument is supplied.\n\n**Held result**\n\nNo executable interest or proportional exemption can be calculated.\n\nNecessary distinctions:\n\n- If A owns no interest, A’s creditor cannot sell B’s separate interest merely because the spouses live there.\n- If A owns an undivided interest, only that interest is potentially subject to the judgment.\n- A married claimant may select a homestead from either spouse’s property, but that does not make a nondebtor spouse personally liable.\n- A trust claim requires the revocable-trust and settlor predicates.\n- The exemption is not doubled merely because two spouses signed.\n\n## Example 6 — Occupancy and abandonment disputed\n\n### Branch A — initial declaration while residing\n\n- Claimant resides in the dwelling.\n- Declaration accurately states residence and is recorded.\n- Claimant later is temporarily absent.\n- No abandonment declaration or grant is recorded.\n\nThe current abandonment statutes do not treat mere absence as the formal abandonment method. The actual continued use, ownership, and any contrary recorded instrument remain relevant.\n\n### Branch B — declaration first signed after permanent move\n\nIf the claimant no longer resides there and is not invoking §70-32-216’s traceable-proceeds branch, the ordinary declaration’s residence statement is not established.\n\n### Branch C — property was sold, claimant vacated, and proceeds remain traceable\n\n*Snyder* permits a proceeds claim if the property could have qualified at disposal, even though the declaration was later recorded after sale and vacancy.\n\nNo conclusion is made without the declaration, sale date, occupancy facts, and tracing evidence.\n\n## Example 7 — Missing notice and claim dates\n\n**Facts**\n\n- Debtor discovers that a levy and appraisal petition exist.\n- It is unknown when the officer mailed the seizure notice.\n- It is unknown when the appraisal petition was personally served.\n- Hearing date is known, but proof of service is absent.\n\nNo legal calendar is calculated.\n\nSeparate predicates must be proved:\n\n- officer’s notice within five days after seizure;\n- general exemption request within ten days excluding weekends and holidays from the correct personal/mail trigger;\n- appraisal petition personally served at least two days before hearing.\n\nNo three mail days are added by these statutes, and an informal objection does not substitute for a filed request or stay order.\n\n## Example 8 — Appraisal and divisibility disputed\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Assessment roll: $550,000.\n- Creditor alleges value above $425,828.\n- Appraisers report current value $420,000.\n\nBecause the appraisal is below the cap:\n\n$420,000<$425,828\\$420,000<\\$425,828$420,000<$425,828The ordinary division/sale branches are not established.\n\n### Alternative report\n\nAppraisers value the property at $600,000.\n\nPotential excess gross value:\n\n$600,000−$425,828=$174,172\\$600,000-\\$425,828\n=\n\\$174,172$600,000−$425,828=$174,172- If divisible without material injury, the court sets off the residence and land worth $425,828 and execution reaches the remainder.\n- If indivisible, the court may order sale.\n- The bidder still must exceed the exemption amount.\n- An actual objection to the report must use an available general procedural route; Chapter 32 supplies no express dedicated objection deadline.\n\n## Example 9 — Traceable proceeds after voluntary sale\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Property could have qualified as a homestead at sale.\n- Net proceeds received after valid mortgage payoff and sale closing: $500,000.\n- Claimant owns 100%.\n- Proceeds remain traceable.\n- Fewer than 18 months have elapsed.\n\nProtected amount:\n\nmin⁡($500,000,$425,828)=$425,828\\min(\\$500,000,\\$425,828)\n=\n\\boxed{\\$425,828}min($500,000,$425,828)=$425,828​Amount above the homestead protection:\n\n$500,000−$425,828=$74,172\\$500,000-\\$425,828\n=\n\\boxed{\\$74,172}$500,000−$425,828=$74,172​The $74,172 is not automatically payable to a creditor without a valid lien, execution, priority, and tracing record. At 18 months, §70-32-216’s protection expires unless another law applies.\n\n## Example 10 — Execution sale, redemption, and satisfaction\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Indivisible homestead.\n- Valid sale order.\n- Accepted bid: $500,000.\n- 2026 exemption: $425,828.\n- Ignore senior liens for this simplified illustration.\n- Appraisal/sale costs and other creditors are represented by CCC.\n\nProtected homestead proceeds:\n\n$425,828\\boxed{\\$425,828}$425,828​Gross remainder:\n\n$500,000−$425,828=$74,172\\$500,000-\\$425,828\n=\n\\$74,172$500,000−$425,828=$74,172Potential amount remaining after costs:\n\nmax⁡(0,$74,172−C)\\max(0,\\$74,172-C)max(0,$74,172−C)A sale certificate issues and the debtor receives one year to redeem. Redemption is not merely repayment of the creditor’s judgment; it includes the purchase price plus judgment-rate interest and qualifying statutory additions.\n\nIf the judgment is fully paid after all lawful credits, a returned satisfied execution or creditor acknowledgment supports docket satisfaction. If only part is paid, full satisfaction should not be entered.\n\n# XII. Source register\n\n**Fresh access date for sources marked “fresh”: October 26, 2026, Pacific / October 26, 2026, UTC. Exact individual fetch timestamps were not exposed.**\n\n| Source ID | Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint | Version/status/read bounds and limitations |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **S_MT-P24-S001** | **District and county judgment liens**, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0020/0250-0090-0030-0020.html; federal transcript §303 at corresponding section_0030; Justice lien https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0310/part_0090/section_0140/0250-0310-0090-0140.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Complete ordinary docketing, county, nonexempt-property, transcript, and ten-year clauses read. HTML; printed-page/PDF index not applicable. [Montana Code Annotated+3](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S002** | **Foreign judgments**, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0030/0250-0090-0050-0030.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0040/0250-0090-0050-0040.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Filing/status, affidavit, certified-mail notice, and 30-day distribution restriction read. Sister-state gateway only. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0030/0250-0090-0050-0030.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S003** | **Execution gateway and stay**, Montana Legislature: MCA §§25-13-201, 301, 304, 305, 401, 402, 404 and Rule 62. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html; Rule 62: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0200/part_0070/section_0620/0250-0200-0070-0620.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025/rule text.** Writ, order of resort, county reach, 120-day execution boundary, return, and 14-day stay read. Full judgment lifecycle excluded. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S004** | **Homestead definition, ownership, value, declaration, and recording**, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-101 through 107. Principal URLs: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0010/0700-0320-0010-0010.html; .../section_0030/...; .../section_0040/...; .../section_0050/...; .../section_0060/...; .../section_0070/... | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Complete material clauses read. Section 102’s former acreage provision is repealed. [Montana Code Annotated+6](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0010/0700-0320-0010-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S005** | **2026 homestead amount**, Montana Department of Revenue, https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee, lines 113–131 | **Fresh official current 2026 HTML.** States $430,828 HIF threshold as $425,828 + $5,000; supports 2026 homestead amount $425,828. Current ARM body/rule number not recovered. [Montana Department of Revenue](https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S006** | **General exemption and exceptions**, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-201–202, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0010/0700-0320-0020-0010.html and .../section_0020/...; MCA §25-13-607, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0060/section_0070/0250-0130-0060-0070.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** General rule, construction/vendor-lien and mortgage exceptions, and general purchase-price branch read. Exact cross-statute reach of §607 remains held. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0010/0700-0320-0020-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S007** | **Homestead appraisal, division, sale, bid, proceeds, appraiser compensation, and costs**, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-203–215. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html through section_0150 | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Complete operative sequence and exceptions read. No express report-objection or sale-confirmation deadline found. [Montana Code Annotated+11](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S008** | **Proceeds, conveyance, encumbrance, and abandonment**, Montana Legislature: §70-32-213; §70-32-216, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0160/0700-0320-0020-0160.html; §§70-32-301–303 | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Eighteen-month protection, tracing methods, spousal conveyance/encumbrance, and formal abandonment read. [Montana Code Annotated+4](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0130/0700-0320-0020-0130.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S009** | **General real-estate execution sale**, Montana Legislature: §§25-13-701–704, 710–711. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Notice, $500 forfeiture, postponement, auction, parcels, debtor direction, transferred interest, and certificate read. [Montana Code Annotated+5](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S010** | **Redemption**, Montana Legislature: §§25-13-801–810 and 821–824. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0080/section_0010/0250-0130-0080-0010.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Redeemer classes, one-year period, amounts, notices, papers, payment, effect, deed, possession, rents, waste, and injunction read. [Montana Code Annotated+11](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0080/section_0010/0250-0130-0080-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S011** | **Seizure notice and exemption hearing**, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0110/0250-0130-0020-0110.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0120/0250-0130-0020-0120.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Complete notice, personal/mail trigger, ten-day claim, documentation, copies, hearing, and late-claim clauses read. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0110/0250-0130-0020-0110.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S012** | **Appeal stay and satisfaction**, Montana Legislature: Appellate Rule 22, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0210/part_0010/section_0220/0250-0210-0010-0220.html; MCA §25-9-311, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0110/0250-0090-0030-0110.html | **Fresh current text.** Stay/bond/security and satisfaction routes read only as necessary for this component. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0210/part_0010/section_0220/0250-0210-0010-0220.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S013** | **Recording standards and fees**, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0370/0070-0040-0260-0370.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** Standard document requirements and current fee schedule read. Inflation adjustment begins July 1, 2027. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S014** | **Court and sheriff fees**, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0320/part_0210/section_0410/0070-0320-0210-0410.html | **Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML.** $25 execution/order fee and county-set sheriff fees/fallback amounts read. No county schedule examined. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S015** | ***J&L Lands, LP v. Nezat*, 2022 MT 111**, Montana Supreme Court. HTML: https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2022/da-21-0493.html; PDF: https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2022-da-21-0493.pdf?ts=1654637685 | **Fresh complete actual opinion reproduction.** Majority ¶¶7–11, printed pp.4–8/PDF indices 3–7; relevant pages visually inspected. Secondary host disclosed; no paid citator. [Justia Law+1](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2022/da-21-0493.html) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S016** | ***In re Snyder*, 2006 MT 308**, Montana Supreme Court. PDF: https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2006-11-29-4F3840BD-4B60-44D2-9886-AA7F2F236C15.pdf?ts=1462389566 | **Fresh complete actual opinion reproduction.** ¶10 printed p.4/PDF index 3; ¶¶13–14 printed pp.5–6/PDF indices 4–5; pages visually inspected. Bankruptcy certified-question posture disclosed. [Justia Law+2](https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2006-11-29-4F3840BD-4B60-44D2-9886-AA7F2F236C15.pdf?ts=1462389566) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S017** | ***623 Partners, LLC v. Hunter*, 2016 MT 336**, Montana Supreme Court. PDF: https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2016-da-16-0234.pdf?ts=1482276769 | **Fresh complete actual opinion reproduction.** ¶¶13–18, printed pp.6–9/PDF indices 5–8; relevant pages visually inspected. Fraudulent-transfer facts limit the holding. [Justia Law+1](https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2016-da-16-0234.pdf?ts=1482276769) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S018** | **Montana Judicial Branch homestead resources and form**, https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate; https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/Homestead3.pdf | **Fresh official page and one-page PDF.** Form printed p.1/PDF index 0 visually inspected; no visible revision date. Sample only. [Montana Courts+1](https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S019** | **DPHHS-hosted Declaration instructions**, https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf | **Fresh two-page PDF**, printed pp.1–2/PDF indices 0–1, visually inspected. No visible revision date; stale recording-fee statement; noncontrolling disclaimer. [DPHHS](https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf) |\n| **S_MT-P24-S020** | **MSU Extension MontGuide**, https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf | **Fresh four-page PDF**, revised 03/25, printed pp.1–4/PDF indices 0–3, relevant pages visually inspected. Secondary guidance; identified amount and prior-lien conflicts prevent use as controlling law. [Extension Store](https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf) |\n\n# XIII. Claim register\n\n| Claim ID | Precise claim | Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **S_MT-P24-C001** | Judgment entry alone does not authorize real-estate seizure or sale. | S003; creditor/postjudgment. Writ and levy required. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C002** | District judgment lien begins on docketing and reaches only nonexempt real property in that county. | S001, §25-9-301. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C003** | Another county requires certified docket-transcript filing. | S001, §25-9-302. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C004** | Other-county filing does not restart the ten-year lien period. | S001, §25-9-302. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C005** | Justice judgment requires transcript filing with District Court clerk where land is situated. | S001, §25-31-914. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C006** | Small Claims uses Justice Court enforcement law. | S019 administrative court-route statutes. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C007** | Foreign judgment must be registered and noticed before ordinary Montana enforcement; distribution waits 30 days after notice mailing. | S002. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C008** | Federal Montana judgment requires certified transcript filing for county lien. | S001, §25-9-303. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C009** | Personal property precedes real property in ordinary execution. | S003, §25-13-304. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C010** | Real-property writ reaches property owned at docketing/transcript filing or later acquired. | S003, §25-13-305. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C011** | District execution ordinarily waits 14 days after judgment entry. | S003, Rule 62(a). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C012** | Appeal does not stay execution without approved security/order. | S003/S012, Rule 62(d), App. R. 22. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C013** | Homestead is dwelling/mobile home, appurtenances, and land where claimant resides. | S004, §70-32-101. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C014** | Current chapter has no express numerical acreage cap. | S004, repealed §70-32-102. **High textual conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C015** | Married claimant may select from either spouse’s property; unmarried claimant from claimant’s own property. | S004, §70-32-103. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C016** | Qualifying revocable-trust property can be claimed by settlor. | S004, §70-32-103(2). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C017** | No head-of-household or dependent requirement appears in the current establishment statutes. | S004 §§101, 103. **High textual conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C018** | 2026 full homestead amount is $425,828. | S004 §104; S005 DOR 2026 page. **High operational amount; ARM body held.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C019** | Cap increases 4% every calendar year after 2021. | S004 §104(3). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C020** | Assessment roll is prima facie, not necessarily conclusive, value evidence. | S004 §104(1). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C021** | Undivided-interest exemption is proportional to claimant’s title interest. | S004 §104(2). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C022** | Spouses do not automatically double the homestead cap. | S004 §104. **High textual conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C023** | Homestead selection requires executed, acknowledged, recorded declaration. | S004 §§105–107. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C024** | Ordinary declaration contains residence statement, claim, and description, subject to proceeds branch. | S004 §106. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C025** | Universal both-spouse signature requirement for initial declaration was not established. | S004 §105; S018 form. **Unresolved beyond text.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C026** | Both spouses must execute married-homestead conveyance, encumbrance, or abandonment. | S008 §§301–302. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C027** | Abandonment declaration is effective only when filed where homestead was recorded. | S008 §303. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C028** | Ordinary judgment liens are not §202 exceptions and may be followed by a homestead declaration. | S006; S015 ¶9. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C029** | §202 exceptions are construction/vendor liens and specified mortgages. | S006 §202. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C030** | General purchase-price/purchase-loan exception exists, but exact Chapter 32 interaction is unresolved. | S006 §25-13-607. **High text; scope partial.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C031** | Claimant must own or have owned qualifying property. | S017 ¶¶17–18. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C032** | Avoided fraudulent transferee who never lawfully owned cannot claim homestead. | S017 ¶18. **High, fact-specific.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C033** | Traceable proceeds may be claimed after sale and vacancy when property could have qualified at disposal. | S008 §216; S016 ¶¶10, 13–14. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C034** | Traceable homestead proceeds receive 18 months’ protection. | S008 §§213, 216. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C035** | FIFO, LIFO, or another reasonable debtor-selected tracing method is authorized. | S008 §216(2). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C036** | Ordinary unsecured creditor must levy before filing appraisal petition. | S007 §§203–204. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C037** | Verified petition states levy, claimant, and value above cap. | S007 §204. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C038** | Petition and hearing notice must be personally served at least two days before hearing. | S007 §205. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C039** | Judge may appoint three disinterested county-resident freeholders after proof. | S007 §206. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C040** | Appraisers inspect, value, and determine divisibility. | S007 §207. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C041** | Written appraisal report is due within 15 days after appointment. | S007 §208. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C042** | Divisible land: residence and land worth cap set off; remainder executable. | S007 §209. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C043** | Indivisible over-cap property: court orders execution sale. | S007 §210. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C044** | No homestead-sale bid may be accepted unless it exceeds applicable exemption. | S007 §211. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C045** | Homestead proceeds up to cap go to claimant; balance to execution. | S007 §212. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C046** | Appraiser compensation is court-fixed reasonable amount. | S007 §214. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C047** | Creditor initially pays appraisal costs; costs added on division/sale. | S007 §215. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C048** | Ordinary judgment creditor receives proceeds only after full homestead protection and legally ranked claims. | S015 ¶¶10–11. **High for ordinary judgment lien.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C049** | Real-sale notice requires 20-day posting and weekly publication for same period. | S009 §701(1)(c). **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C050** | Statute does not expressly direct individual sale notice to every spouse/co-owner/lienholder. | S009 §701; S007 §205. **Qualified textual conclusion; due process fact-specific.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C051** | Sale is auction to highest bidder, 9 a.m.–5 p.m., parcels separated where required. | S009 §704. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C052** | Officer stops after sufficient property sold; debtor present may direct parcel order. | S009 §704. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C053** | Sale without statutory notice creates $500 forfeiture plus actual damages. | S009 §702. **High; other relief not automatic.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C054** | Purchaser gets only debtor’s right, title, and interest. | S009 §710. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C055** | Sheriff issues and files duplicate certificate of sale. | S009 §711. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C056** | Debtor, spouse, successor, and qualifying lien creditors may redeem. | S010 §801. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C057** | Basic redemption period is one year. | S010 §§802, 810. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C058** | Redemption includes purchase price, interest, qualifying taxes, expenses, and certain liens. | S010 §802. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C059** | Debtor redemption terminates sale; spouse redemption acquires debtor-spouse interest subject to liens. | S010 §809. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C060** | Debtor personally occupying family home retains possession during redemption year. | S010 §821. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C061** | Net rents/profits credit redemption amount; accounting demand can extend period conditionally. | S010 §822. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C062** | No universal homestead appraisal-report objection deadline or execution-sale confirmation hearing was located. | S007–S010. **Qualified negative.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C063** | General seizure notice is due within five days; exemption request has ten-day statutory window. | S011 §§211–212. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C064** | Private negotiations or an appeal without stay do not stop execution. | S003/S012. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C065** | Recording fee is $20 first page plus $10 each additional standard page in 2026. | S013 §7-4-2637. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C066** | District execution/order issuance fee is $25; sheriff fee depends first on county schedule. | S014. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C067** | Returned satisfied execution or creditor acknowledgment supports docket satisfaction. | S012 §25-9-311. **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P24-C068** | No actual property, title, mortgage, declaration, levy, appraisal, notice, sale, or redemption record was established. | All sources. **High provenance limit.** |\n\n# XIV. Coverage and remaining-gap table\n\n| Assigned issue | Status | Claim IDs | Exact missing evidence or next action |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| District judgment lien | Answered | C002 | Actual docket date and county |\n| Other-county lien | Answered | C003–C004 | Certified transcript and original entry date |\n| Justice judgment lien | Answered | C005 | Actual transcript |\n| Small Claims route | Answered | C006 | Justice execution record |\n| City Court route | Partial | — | Current court-specific lien/transcript authority |\n| Municipal route | Partial | — | Current municipal execution form and clerk practice |\n| Foreign judgment | Answered at gateway | C007 | Authentication, affidavit, notice |\n| Federal judgment | Answered at gateway | C008 | Certified transcript |\n| Judgment-to-sale distinction | Answered | C001, C009–C012 | Actual writ and levy |\n| Personal-property-first requirement | Answered | C009 | Actual unsuccessful personal-property execution |\n| Real-property writ | Answered | C010 | Property and docket/transcript date |\n| Initial 14-day stay | Answered | C011 | Actual judgment entry/order |\n| Appeal stay | Answered | C012, C064 | Bond/security and stay order |\n| Homestead property definition | Answered | C013 | Actual dwelling, appurtenances, and use |\n| Acreage limit | No current numeric limit found | C014 | Divisibility/use remains factual |\n| Married claimant | Answered | C015 | Title and marriage |\n| Unmarried claimant | Answered | C015 | Title and occupancy |\n| Revocable trust | Answered textually | C016 | Trust and settlor records |\n| Head-of-household/dependent requirement | No requirement found | C017 | Specialized probate/support law excluded |\n| Current 2026 amount | Answered | C018 | ARM body remains unrecovered |\n| Annual adjustment | Answered | C019 | Future DOR amount |\n| Assessment-roll evidence | Answered | C020 | Current appraisal evidence |\n| Undivided-interest cap | Answered | C021 | Actual fraction |\n| Spousal double cap | Rejected | C022 | None |\n| Declaration required | Answered | C023–C024 | Actual recorded declaration |\n| Initial both-spouse signature | Unresolved universally | C025 | Controlling construction/title facts |\n| Conveyance/encumbrance/abandonment signatures | Answered | C026–C027 | Actual instrument |\n| Ordinary prior judgment | Answered as not exception | C028 | Actual declaration and title |\n| Mortgage/construction/vendor exceptions | Answered textually | C029 | Full secured-priority law excluded |\n| Purchase-price exception | Partial | C030 | Controlling Chapter 32 interaction |\n| Ownership requirement | Answered | C031–C032 | Actual lawful title |\n| Occupancy | Answered for initial declaration | C013, C024 | Temporary absence fact pattern |\n| Abandonment | Answered formally | C026–C027 | Actual recorded grant/declaration |\n| Death/survivorship | Excluded | — | Probate/title pass |\n| Traceable proceeds | Answered | C033–C035 | Sale/event date and tracing |\n| Verified appraisal petition | Answered | C036–C037 | Actual levy/value evidence |\n| Petition service | Answered | C038 | Actual personal service |\n| Appraiser appointment | Answered | C039 | Court order |\n| Appraisal/report | Answered | C040–C041 | Actual value/divisibility |\n| Property below cap | Answered as no sale branch established | C040–C045 | Actual report |\n| Divisible homestead | Answered | C042 | Survey and setoff |\n| Indivisible homestead | Answered | C043–C045 | Sale order |\n| Minimum bid | Answered | C044 | Actual proportional cap/bid |\n| Appraisal costs | Answered | C046–C047 | Court-fixed amount |\n| Priority after homestead | Answered in ordinary-judgment core | C048 | Title and lien rankings |\n| Senior mortgage treatment | Partial | C029, C048, C054 | Actual title and court order |\n| Multiple judgment liens | Partial | C048 | Docket/transcript dates and priority law |\n| Sale notice | Answered | C049 | Actual posting/publication |\n| Individual notice to spouse/co-owner/lienholders | Partial | C050 | Actual interest and due-process facts |\n| Auction conduct | Answered | C051–C052 | Actual sale record |\n| Notice defect consequences | Partial | C053 | Purchaser posture and damages |\n| Certificate of sale | Answered | C055 | Actual filing |\n| Judicial sale confirmation | No universal requirement found | C062 | Actual order/local procedure |\n| Redemption eligibility | Answered | C056 | Actual status |\n| Redemption period | Answered | C057 | Sale date |\n| Redemption amount | Answered in formula | C058 | Purchase, interest, taxes, expenses |\n| Possession during redemption | Answered | C060 | Personal family-home occupancy |\n| Rent accounting | Answered | C061 | Actual demand and receipts |\n| Appraisal-report objections | Unresolved | C062 | General motion/finality authority |\n| General exemption notice | Answered | C063 | Service date |\n| General exemption hearing | Answered | C063 | Filing and court receipt |\n| Private negotiation as stay | Rejected | C064 | Actual written forbearance or court order |\n| Recording standards/fee | Answered | C065 | Actual page count and conformity |\n| Sheriff/court costs | Partial | C046–C047, C066 | County schedule, publication, appraisal |\n| Satisfaction | Answered narrowly | C067 | Final accounting and all county records |\n| Homestead declaration form | Answered as sample | S018 | Actual completion/acceptance not assessed |\n| Appraisal/sale/redemption forms | Not found statewide | — | Local court/sheriff packet may exist |\n| Real-property title search | Excluded | C068 | No named/private record lookup |\n| Full judgment duration/renewal | Excluded | — | PASS-18 unreviewed |\n| Wage garnishment | Excluded | — | PASS-21 unreviewed |\n| Bank/benefit tracing | Excluded | — | PASS-22 unreviewed |\n| Personal-property execution | Excluded except order of resort | C009 | PASS-23 unreviewed |\n| Mortgage foreclosure/tax sale | Excluded | — | Separate secured/government passes |\n| Probate/partition/bankruptcy | Excluded | — | Specialized passes |\n| Support/government/medical/education | Excluded | — | Specialized passes |\n| Local/tribal/foreign-country law | Excluded | — | Jurisdiction-specific research |\n| Actual collection result | Unresolved | C068 | Private facts and records outside scope |\n\n# XV. Researcher self-check\n\n## Freshly read\n\n- Current Montana statutes and rules governing:District judgment docketing and county liens.Other-county, federal, Justice, and sister-state judgment gateways.Writ issuance, personal-property-first execution, real-property writs, execution return, and initial stay.Homestead definition, ownership, current adjustment formula, declaration, recording, exemption, and enumerated exceptions.Appraisal petition, service, appraisers, report, division, sale, minimum bid, proceeds, costs, and appraiser compensation.Traceable proceeds, spousal conveyance, encumbrance, and abandonment.General real-property sale notice, auction, certificate, and transferred interest.Redemption, possession, rents, waste, and post-sale injunction.Debtor seizure notice and exemption hearing.Appeal stay/security and judgment satisfaction.Recording standards, recording fees, District Court issuance fee, and sheriff fee structure.\n- Montana Department of Revenue’s current 2026 publication identifying the $425,828 homestead component.\n- The complete or materially relevant Montana Supreme Court opinions identified in the source register.\n- The Judicial Branch sample declaration, DPHHS-hosted instructions, and MSU Extension guide, with conflicts and stale passages expressly identified.\n\n## Numeric checks\n\n- 2026 full cap: $425,828.\n- 50% proportional cap:\n\n$425,828×0.5=$212,914\\$425,828\\times0.5=\\$212,914$425,828×0.5=$212,914- $700,000 − $200,000 − $425,828 = $74,172.\n- $500,000 − $425,828 = $74,172.\n- Fifty-percent example:\n\n$400,000−$150,000−$212,914=$37,086\\$400,000-\\$150,000-\\$212,914=\\$37,086$400,000−$150,000−$212,914=$37,086No arithmetic is treated as proof of value, title, lien priority, sale proceeds, or collection entitlement.\n\n## Access and currentness limits\n\n- The Internet MCA is an official research tool whose own disclaimer states that the printed code controls if inconsistent.\n- The current DOR page was read, but the operative ARM body or rule number setting the 2026 amount was not recovered through public search.\n- The Judicial Branch declaration is a sample with no visible revision date.\n- DPHHS-hosted instructions contain a stale recording-fee statement.\n- The March 2025 MSU guide:states $425,827 for 2026, one dollar below DOR’s current amount; andstates a prior judgment can defeat a later declaration, contrary to the Montana Supreme Court’s 2022 *J&L Lands* holding.\n- Several opinions were accessed through complete public reproductions of the actual Montana Supreme Court opinions rather than an official Judicial Branch PDF.\n- No paid citator, county title index, named-property record, sheriff file, local rule packet, private appraisal, or court docket was used.\n\n## Bounded negative findings\n\nNo current primary authority located in this focused pass established:\n\n- a current numerical acreage maximum;\n- two full homestead exemptions for spouses;\n- a dependent or head-of-household requirement;\n- a universal rule requiring both spouses to sign every initial declaration;\n- an ordinary unsecured-judgment exception merely because the lien predates the declaration;\n- a universal personal-sale-notice requirement to every possible lienholder in the text of §25-13-701;\n- a specialized deadline to object to the homestead appraisal report;\n- a universal post-auction judicial confirmation requirement;\n- a statewide appraisal-petition, appraiser-report, sale-notice, or redemption form;\n- an automatic stay from appeal, private negotiation, informal objection, or declaration filing alone;\n- automatic satisfaction or release of every county record after one payment;\n- an automatic right to collect all equity shown by arithmetic.\n\nSearch limits are not treated as proof that no local practice, unpublished order, special lien statute, federal law, title covenant, or later authority exists.\n\n## Not read or resolved\n\nNo actual:\n\n- borrower or creditor;\n- judgment;\n- assignment;\n- declaration;\n- abandonment;\n- deed;\n- revocable trust;\n- appraisal;\n- mortgage;\n- HELOC;\n- construction or vendor lien;\n- title report;\n- county docket;\n- certified transcript;\n- property assessment;\n- writ;\n- levy;\n- notice;\n- sale publication;\n- bid;\n- certificate;\n- redemption;\n- sheriff deed;\n- proceeds account;\n- satisfaction; or\n- local sheriff fee schedule\n\nwas accessed or inferred.\n\nNo filing, declaration recording, appraisal petition, levy, sale, title search, lender inquiry, asset movement, settlement, contact, records request, purchase, private-data access, browser control, other-chat access, local write, individualized legal advice, collection approval, independent-review conclusion, component acceptance, Montana acceptance, parent-dossier acceptance, A066 acceptance, operational approval, or publication-readiness determination occurred.\n\n**REPORT PARTIAL — the focused Montana ordinary unsecured consumer-money-judgment real-estate execution, county judgment-lien, homestead declaration, appraisal, division, sale, proceeds, redemption, stay, and satisfaction-boundary component is completed to the stated source, factual, procedural, and currentness limits.**\n\nEND S_MT PASS-24. \n\n","tables":[{"headers":["Question","Current rule"],"index":0,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Question","Current rule"],["Who may redeem?","Debtor, spouse, successor, qualifying later judgment/mortgage/attachment lienholder"],["Basic period","One year after sale"],["Basic payment","Purchase price plus judgment-rate interest"],["Additional payment","Purchaser-paid taxes/assessments plus interest"],["Maintenance/repair","Reasonable expenditures plus interest"],["Purchaser’s prior lien","Paid when applicable"],["Notice","Written notice to sheriff; duplicate filed with county clerk"],["Redemptioner documents","Certified lien/judgment record, necessary assignments, affidavit of amount due"],["Debtor redemption effect","Sale terminates and debtor’s estate restored"],["Spouse redemption effect","Spouse acquires debtor-spouse’s interest subject to existing liens"],["No redemption","Purchaser entitled to deed after one year"],["Debtor possession","Purchaser cannot dispossess personally occupying debtor/family during redemption year"],["Tenant rents","Purchaser may receive, but net rents credit redemption amount"],["Accounting demand","Can extend period under §25-13-822’s conditions"],["Waste","Court may restrain; ordinary prior use and necessary repairs remain permitted"]]},{"headers":["Resource","Issuer and literal URL","Version/read bounds","Purpose and limitations"],"index":1,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Resource","Issuer and literal URL","Version/read bounds","Purpose and limitations"],["Real Estate–Property forms page","Montana Judicial Branch — https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate","Fresh HTML read October 26, 2026","Official route to declaration and abandonment forms; not substantive law"],["Homestead Declaration","Montana Judicial Branch — https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/Homestead3.pdf","One page; printed p.1/PDF index 0; no visible revision date","Sample declaration with two signature lines, legal description, residence statement, and notary; does not settle universal signature requirement"],["Declaration instructions","DPHHS-hosted — https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf","Two pages; printed pp.1–2/PDF indices 0–1; no visible revision date","Explains legal description and recording; its “up to $7 per page” statement is stale and superseded by current statute"],["MSU MontGuide","MSU Extension — https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf","Revised 03/25; printed pp.1–4/PDF indices 0–3","Helpful secondary guide, but its $425,827 2026 figure conflicts by $1 with current DOR, and its prior-judgment discussion conflicts with J&L Lands"],["Recording standards","Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html","Current MCA 2025 HTML","Paper, ink, signature, margin, return-address, and property-description requirements"],["Recording fee","Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0370/0070-0040-0260-0370.html","Current MCA 2025 HTML","$20 first page plus $10 each additional standard page; nonstandard surcharge $10; inflation adjustment begins July 1, 2027"],["District execution fee","Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html","Current MCA 2025 HTML","$25 to issue execution or order of sale"],["Sheriff fees","Montana Legislature — https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0320/part_0210/section_0410/0070-0320-0210-0410.html","Current MCA 2025 HTML","County governing body sets fees; listed amounts are fallback only"]]},{"headers":["Decision","Facts and posture","Holding used here","Limits"],"index":2,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Decision","Facts and posture","Holding used here","Limits"],["J&L Lands, LP v. Nezat, 2022 MT 111","Appeal from summary judgment awarding a judgment creditor proceeds from sold homestead property","Homestead statutes are liberally construed; §202 exceptions are exclusive; declaration may follow recorded judgment; full exemption precedes ordinary judgment lien","Voluntary sale and unusual title chain; does not decide every mortgage/tax priority"],["In re Snyder, 2006 MT 308","Certified bankruptcy question concerning declaration filed after home was sold and claimant vacated","Section 216 protects traceable proceeds when property could have qualified at disposal; post-sale declaration not invalid merely because claimant no longer resides there","Bankruptcy posture; no general bankruptcy coverage adopted"],["623 Partners, LLC v. Hunter, 2016 MT 336","Appeal after a fraudulent transfer was avoided and claimant asserted homestead","Claimant must own or have owned qualifying property; void transfer meant claimant never lawfully owned and could not claim homestead","Fraudulent-transfer facts; no general transfer-planning advice"]]},{"headers":["Source ID","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint","Version/status/read bounds and limitations"],"index":3,"links":[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+3"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0030/0250-0090-0050-0030.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+2"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0010/0700-0320-0010-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+6"},{"href":"https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee","text":"Montana Department of Revenue"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0010/0700-0320-0020-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+2"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+11"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0130/0700-0320-0020-0130.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+4"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+5"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0080/section_0010/0250-0130-0080-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+11"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0110/0250-0130-0020-0110.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0210/part_0010/section_0220/0250-0210-0010-0220.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2022/da-21-0493.html","text":"Justia Law\n+1"},{"href":"https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2006-11-29-4F3840BD-4B60-44D2-9886-AA7F2F236C15.pdf?ts=1462389566","text":"Justia Law\n+2"},{"href":"https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2016-da-16-0234.pdf?ts=1482276769","text":"Justia Law\n+1"},{"href":"https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate","text":"Montana Courts\n+1"},{"href":"https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf","text":"DPHHS"},{"href":"https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf","text":"Extension Store"}],"row_links":[[],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0030/0250-0090-0050-0030.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0010/0700-0320-0010-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+6"}],[{"href":"https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee","text":"Montana Department of Revenue"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0010/0700-0320-0020-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+11"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0130/0700-0320-0020-0130.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+4"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+5"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0080/section_0010/0250-0130-0080-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+11"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0110/0250-0130-0020-0110.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0210/part_0010/section_0220/0250-0210-0010-0220.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2022/da-21-0493.html","text":"Justia Law\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2006-11-29-4F3840BD-4B60-44D2-9886-AA7F2F236C15.pdf?ts=1462389566","text":"Justia Law\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2016-da-16-0234.pdf?ts=1482276769","text":"Justia Law\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate","text":"Montana Courts\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf","text":"DPHHS"}],[{"href":"https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf","text":"Extension Store"}]],"rows":[["Source ID","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint","Version/status/read bounds and limitations"],["S_MT-P24-S001","District and county judgment liens, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0010/0250-0090-0030-0010.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0020/0250-0090-0030-0020.html; federal transcript §303 at corresponding section_0030; Justice lien https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0310/part_0090/section_0140/0250-0310-0090-0140.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Complete ordinary docketing, county, nonexempt-property, transcript, and ten-year clauses read. HTML; printed-page/PDF index not applicable. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+3"],["S_MT-P24-S002","Foreign judgments, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0030/0250-0090-0050-0030.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0050/section_0040/0250-0090-0050-0040.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Filing/status, affidavit, certified-mail notice, and 30-day distribution restriction read. Sister-state gateway only. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S003","Execution gateway and stay, Montana Legislature: MCA §§25-13-201, 301, 304, 305, 401, 402, 404 and Rule 62. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html; Rule 62: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0200/part_0070/section_0620/0250-0200-0070-0620.html","Fresh current MCA 2025/rule text. Writ, order of resort, county reach, 120-day execution boundary, return, and 14-day stay read. Full judgment lifecycle excluded. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+2"],["S_MT-P24-S004","Homestead definition, ownership, value, declaration, and recording, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-101 through 107. Principal URLs: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0010/section_0010/0700-0320-0010-0010.html; .../section_0030/...; .../section_0040/...; .../section_0050/...; .../section_0060/...; .../section_0070/...","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Complete material clauses read. Section 102’s former acreage provision is repealed. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+6"],["S_MT-P24-S005","2026 homestead amount, Montana Department of Revenue, https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee, lines 113–131","Fresh official current 2026 HTML. States $430,828 HIF threshold as $425,828 + $5,000; supports 2026 homestead amount $425,828. Current ARM body/rule number not recovered. \nMontana Department of Revenue"],["S_MT-P24-S006","General exemption and exceptions, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-201–202, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0010/0700-0320-0020-0010.html and .../section_0020/...; MCA §25-13-607, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0060/section_0070/0250-0130-0060-0070.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. General rule, construction/vendor-lien and mortgage exceptions, and general purchase-price branch read. Exact cross-statute reach of §607 remains held. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+2"],["S_MT-P24-S007","Homestead appraisal, division, sale, bid, proceeds, appraiser compensation, and costs, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-203–215. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html through section_0150","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Complete operative sequence and exceptions read. No express report-objection or sale-confirmation deadline found. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+11"],["S_MT-P24-S008","Proceeds, conveyance, encumbrance, and abandonment, Montana Legislature: §70-32-213; §70-32-216, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0160/0700-0320-0020-0160.html; §§70-32-301–303","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Eighteen-month protection, tracing methods, spousal conveyance/encumbrance, and formal abandonment read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+4"],["S_MT-P24-S009","General real-estate execution sale, Montana Legislature: §§25-13-701–704, 710–711. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Notice, $500 forfeiture, postponement, auction, parcels, debtor direction, transferred interest, and certificate read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+5"],["S_MT-P24-S010","Redemption, Montana Legislature: §§25-13-801–810 and 821–824. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0080/section_0010/0250-0130-0080-0010.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Redeemer classes, one-year period, amounts, notices, papers, payment, effect, deed, possession, rents, waste, and injunction read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+11"],["S_MT-P24-S011","Seizure notice and exemption hearing, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0110/0250-0130-0020-0110.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0020/section_0120/0250-0130-0020-0120.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Complete notice, personal/mail trigger, ten-day claim, documentation, copies, hearing, and late-claim clauses read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S012","Appeal stay and satisfaction, Montana Legislature: Appellate Rule 22, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0210/part_0010/section_0220/0250-0210-0010-0220.html; MCA §25-9-311, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0090/part_0030/section_0110/0250-0090-0030-0110.html","Fresh current text. Stay/bond/security and satisfaction routes read only as necessary for this component. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S013","Recording standards and fees, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0360/0070-0040-0260-0360.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0040/part_0260/section_0370/0070-0040-0260-0370.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Standard document requirements and current fee schedule read. Inflation adjustment begins July 1, 2027. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S014","Court and sheriff fees, Montana Legislature: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0010/0250-0010-0020-0010.html; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0070/chapter_0320/part_0210/section_0410/0070-0320-0210-0410.html","Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. $25 execution/order fee and county-set sheriff fees/fallback amounts read. No county schedule examined. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S015","J&L Lands, LP v. Nezat, 2022 MT 111, Montana Supreme Court. HTML: https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2022/da-21-0493.html; PDF: https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2022-da-21-0493.pdf?ts=1654637685","Fresh complete actual opinion reproduction. Majority ¶¶7–11, printed pp.4–8/PDF indices 3–7; relevant pages visually inspected. Secondary host disclosed; no paid citator. \nJustia Law\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S016","In re Snyder, 2006 MT 308, Montana Supreme Court. PDF: https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2006-11-29-4F3840BD-4B60-44D2-9886-AA7F2F236C15.pdf?ts=1462389566","Fresh complete actual opinion reproduction. ¶10 printed p.4/PDF index 3; ¶¶13–14 printed pp.5–6/PDF indices 4–5; pages visually inspected. Bankruptcy certified-question posture disclosed. \nJustia Law\n+2"],["S_MT-P24-S017","623 Partners, LLC v. Hunter, 2016 MT 336, Montana Supreme Court. PDF: https://cases.justia.com/montana/supreme-court/2016-da-16-0234.pdf?ts=1482276769","Fresh complete actual opinion reproduction. ¶¶13–18, printed pp.6–9/PDF indices 5–8; relevant pages visually inspected. Fraudulent-transfer facts limit the holding. \nJustia Law\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S018","Montana Judicial Branch homestead resources and form, https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/realestate; https://courts.mt.gov/Forms/Homestead3.pdf","Fresh official page and one-page PDF. Form printed p.1/PDF index 0 visually inspected; no visible revision date. Sample only. \nMontana Courts\n+1"],["S_MT-P24-S019","DPHHS-hosted Declaration instructions, https://dphhs.mt.gov/assets/sltc/legal/forms/DeclarationofHomesteadInstructions.pdf","Fresh two-page PDF, printed pp.1–2/PDF indices 0–1, visually inspected. No visible revision date; stale recording-fee statement; noncontrolling disclaimer. \nDPHHS"],["S_MT-P24-S020","MSU Extension MontGuide, https://extension-store.montana.edu/assets/publications/montguidepdfs/mt199815hr_using_a_homestead_declaration_rev03.25.pdf","Fresh four-page PDF, revised 03/25, printed pp.1–4/PDF indices 0–3, relevant pages visually inspected. Secondary guidance; identified amount and prior-lien conflicts prevent use as controlling law. \nExtension Store"]]},{"headers":["Claim ID","Precise claim","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence"],"index":4,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Claim ID","Precise claim","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence"],["S_MT-P24-C001","Judgment entry alone does not authorize real-estate seizure or sale.","S003; creditor/postjudgment. Writ and levy required. High."],["S_MT-P24-C002","District judgment lien begins on docketing and reaches only nonexempt real property in that county.","S001, §25-9-301. High."],["S_MT-P24-C003","Another county requires certified docket-transcript filing.","S001, §25-9-302. High."],["S_MT-P24-C004","Other-county filing does not restart the ten-year lien period.","S001, §25-9-302. High."],["S_MT-P24-C005","Justice judgment requires transcript filing with District Court clerk where land is situated.","S001, §25-31-914. High."],["S_MT-P24-C006","Small Claims uses Justice Court enforcement law.","S019 administrative court-route statutes. High."],["S_MT-P24-C007","Foreign judgment must be registered and noticed before ordinary Montana enforcement; distribution waits 30 days after notice mailing.","S002. High."],["S_MT-P24-C008","Federal Montana judgment requires certified transcript filing for county lien.","S001, §25-9-303. High."],["S_MT-P24-C009","Personal property precedes real property in ordinary execution.","S003, §25-13-304. High."],["S_MT-P24-C010","Real-property writ reaches property owned at docketing/transcript filing or later acquired.","S003, §25-13-305. High."],["S_MT-P24-C011","District execution ordinarily waits 14 days after judgment entry.","S003, Rule 62(a). High."],["S_MT-P24-C012","Appeal does not stay execution without approved security/order.","S003/S012, Rule 62(d), App. R. 22. High."],["S_MT-P24-C013","Homestead is dwelling/mobile home, appurtenances, and land where claimant resides.","S004, §70-32-101. High."],["S_MT-P24-C014","Current chapter has no express numerical acreage cap.","S004, repealed §70-32-102. High textual conclusion."],["S_MT-P24-C015","Married claimant may select from either spouse’s property; unmarried claimant from claimant’s own property.","S004, §70-32-103. High."],["S_MT-P24-C016","Qualifying revocable-trust property can be claimed by settlor.","S004, §70-32-103(2). High."],["S_MT-P24-C017","No head-of-household or dependent requirement appears in the current establishment statutes.","S004 §§101, 103. High textual conclusion."],["S_MT-P24-C018","2026 full homestead amount is $425,828.","S004 §104; S005 DOR 2026 page. High operational amount; ARM body held."],["S_MT-P24-C019","Cap increases 4% every calendar year after 2021.","S004 §104(3). High."],["S_MT-P24-C020","Assessment roll is prima facie, not necessarily conclusive, value evidence.","S004 §104(1). High."],["S_MT-P24-C021","Undivided-interest exemption is proportional to claimant’s title interest.","S004 §104(2). High."],["S_MT-P24-C022","Spouses do not automatically double the homestead cap.","S004 §104. High textual conclusion."],["S_MT-P24-C023","Homestead selection requires executed, acknowledged, recorded declaration.","S004 §§105–107. High."],["S_MT-P24-C024","Ordinary declaration contains residence statement, claim, and description, subject to proceeds branch.","S004 §106. High."],["S_MT-P24-C025","Universal both-spouse signature requirement for initial declaration was not established.","S004 §105; S018 form. Unresolved beyond text."],["S_MT-P24-C026","Both spouses must execute married-homestead conveyance, encumbrance, or abandonment.","S008 §§301–302. High."],["S_MT-P24-C027","Abandonment declaration is effective only when filed where homestead was recorded.","S008 §303. High."],["S_MT-P24-C028","Ordinary judgment liens are not §202 exceptions and may be followed by a homestead declaration.","S006; S015 ¶9. High."],["S_MT-P24-C029","§202 exceptions are construction/vendor liens and specified mortgages.","S006 §202. High."],["S_MT-P24-C030","General purchase-price/purchase-loan exception exists, but exact Chapter 32 interaction is unresolved.","S006 §25-13-607. High text; scope partial."],["S_MT-P24-C031","Claimant must own or have owned qualifying property.","S017 ¶¶17–18. High."],["S_MT-P24-C032","Avoided fraudulent transferee who never lawfully owned cannot claim homestead.","S017 ¶18. High, fact-specific."],["S_MT-P24-C033","Traceable proceeds may be claimed after sale and vacancy when property could have qualified at disposal.","S008 §216; S016 ¶¶10, 13–14. High."],["S_MT-P24-C034","Traceable homestead proceeds receive 18 months’ protection.","S008 §§213, 216. High."],["S_MT-P24-C035","FIFO, LIFO, or another reasonable debtor-selected tracing method is authorized.","S008 §216(2). High."],["S_MT-P24-C036","Ordinary unsecured creditor must levy before filing appraisal petition.","S007 §§203–204. High."],["S_MT-P24-C037","Verified petition states levy, claimant, and value above cap.","S007 §204. High."],["S_MT-P24-C038","Petition and hearing notice must be personally served at least two days before hearing.","S007 §205. High."],["S_MT-P24-C039","Judge may appoint three disinterested county-resident freeholders after proof.","S007 §206. High."],["S_MT-P24-C040","Appraisers inspect, value, and determine divisibility.","S007 §207. High."],["S_MT-P24-C041","Written appraisal report is due within 15 days after appointment.","S007 §208. High."],["S_MT-P24-C042","Divisible land: residence and land worth cap set off; remainder executable.","S007 §209. High."],["S_MT-P24-C043","Indivisible over-cap property: court orders execution sale.","S007 §210. High."],["S_MT-P24-C044","No homestead-sale bid may be accepted unless it exceeds applicable exemption.","S007 §211. High."],["S_MT-P24-C045","Homestead proceeds up to cap go to claimant; balance to execution.","S007 §212. High."],["S_MT-P24-C046","Appraiser compensation is court-fixed reasonable amount.","S007 §214. High."],["S_MT-P24-C047","Creditor initially pays appraisal costs; costs added on division/sale.","S007 §215. High."],["S_MT-P24-C048","Ordinary judgment creditor receives proceeds only after full homestead protection and legally ranked claims.","S015 ¶¶10–11. High for ordinary judgment lien."],["S_MT-P24-C049","Real-sale notice requires 20-day posting and weekly publication for same period.","S009 §701(1)(c). High."],["S_MT-P24-C050","Statute does not expressly direct individual sale notice to every spouse/co-owner/lienholder.","S009 §701; S007 §205. Qualified textual conclusion; due process fact-specific."],["S_MT-P24-C051","Sale is auction to highest bidder, 9 a.m.–5 p.m., parcels separated where required.","S009 §704. High."],["S_MT-P24-C052","Officer stops after sufficient property sold; debtor present may direct parcel order.","S009 §704. High."],["S_MT-P24-C053","Sale without statutory notice creates $500 forfeiture plus actual damages.","S009 §702. High; other relief not automatic."],["S_MT-P24-C054","Purchaser gets only debtor’s right, title, and interest.","S009 §710. High."],["S_MT-P24-C055","Sheriff issues and files duplicate certificate of sale.","S009 §711. High."],["S_MT-P24-C056","Debtor, spouse, successor, and qualifying lien creditors may redeem.","S010 §801. High."],["S_MT-P24-C057","Basic redemption period is one year.","S010 §§802, 810. High."],["S_MT-P24-C058","Redemption includes purchase price, interest, qualifying taxes, expenses, and certain liens.","S010 §802. High."],["S_MT-P24-C059","Debtor redemption terminates sale; spouse redemption acquires debtor-spouse interest subject to liens.","S010 §809. High."],["S_MT-P24-C060","Debtor personally occupying family home retains possession during redemption year.","S010 §821. High."],["S_MT-P24-C061","Net rents/profits credit redemption amount; accounting demand can extend period conditionally.","S010 §822. High."],["S_MT-P24-C062","No universal homestead appraisal-report objection deadline or execution-sale confirmation hearing was located.","S007–S010. Qualified negative."],["S_MT-P24-C063","General seizure notice is due within five days; exemption request has ten-day statutory window.","S011 §§211–212. High."],["S_MT-P24-C064","Private negotiations or an appeal without stay do not stop execution.","S003/S012. High."],["S_MT-P24-C065","Recording fee is $20 first page plus $10 each additional standard page in 2026.","S013 §7-4-2637. High."],["S_MT-P24-C066","District execution/order issuance fee is $25; sheriff fee depends first on county schedule.","S014. High."],["S_MT-P24-C067","Returned satisfied execution or creditor acknowledgment supports docket satisfaction.","S012 §25-9-311. High."],["S_MT-P24-C068","No actual property, title, mortgage, declaration, levy, appraisal, notice, sale, or redemption record was established.","All sources. High provenance limit."]]},{"headers":["Assigned issue","Status","Claim IDs","Exact missing evidence or next action"],"index":5,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Assigned issue","Status","Claim IDs","Exact missing evidence or next action"],["District judgment lien","Answered","C002","Actual docket date and county"],["Other-county lien","Answered","C003–C004","Certified transcript and original entry date"],["Justice judgment lien","Answered","C005","Actual transcript"],["Small Claims route","Answered","C006","Justice execution record"],["City Court route","Partial","—","Current court-specific lien/transcript authority"],["Municipal route","Partial","—","Current municipal execution form and clerk practice"],["Foreign judgment","Answered at gateway","C007","Authentication, affidavit, notice"],["Federal judgment","Answered at gateway","C008","Certified transcript"],["Judgment-to-sale distinction","Answered","C001, C009–C012","Actual writ and levy"],["Personal-property-first requirement","Answered","C009","Actual unsuccessful personal-property execution"],["Real-property writ","Answered","C010","Property and docket/transcript date"],["Initial 14-day stay","Answered","C011","Actual judgment entry/order"],["Appeal stay","Answered","C012, C064","Bond/security and stay order"],["Homestead property definition","Answered","C013","Actual dwelling, appurtenances, and use"],["Acreage limit","No current numeric limit found","C014","Divisibility/use remains factual"],["Married claimant","Answered","C015","Title and marriage"],["Unmarried claimant","Answered","C015","Title and occupancy"],["Revocable trust","Answered textually","C016","Trust and settlor records"],["Head-of-household/dependent requirement","No requirement found","C017","Specialized probate/support law excluded"],["Current 2026 amount","Answered","C018","ARM body remains unrecovered"],["Annual adjustment","Answered","C019","Future DOR amount"],["Assessment-roll evidence","Answered","C020","Current appraisal evidence"],["Undivided-interest cap","Answered","C021","Actual fraction"],["Spousal double cap","Rejected","C022","None"],["Declaration required","Answered","C023–C024","Actual recorded declaration"],["Initial both-spouse signature","Unresolved universally","C025","Controlling construction/title facts"],["Conveyance/encumbrance/abandonment signatures","Answered","C026–C027","Actual instrument"],["Ordinary prior judgment","Answered as not exception","C028","Actual declaration and title"],["Mortgage/construction/vendor exceptions","Answered textually","C029","Full secured-priority law excluded"],["Purchase-price exception","Partial","C030","Controlling Chapter 32 interaction"],["Ownership requirement","Answered","C031–C032","Actual lawful title"],["Occupancy","Answered for initial declaration","C013, C024","Temporary absence fact pattern"],["Abandonment","Answered formally","C026–C027","Actual recorded grant/declaration"],["Death/survivorship","Excluded","—","Probate/title pass"],["Traceable proceeds","Answered","C033–C035","Sale/event date and tracing"],["Verified appraisal petition","Answered","C036–C037","Actual levy/value evidence"],["Petition service","Answered","C038","Actual personal service"],["Appraiser appointment","Answered","C039","Court order"],["Appraisal/report","Answered","C040–C041","Actual value/divisibility"],["Property below cap","Answered as no sale branch established","C040–C045","Actual report"],["Divisible homestead","Answered","C042","Survey and setoff"],["Indivisible homestead","Answered","C043–C045","Sale order"],["Minimum bid","Answered","C044","Actual proportional cap/bid"],["Appraisal costs","Answered","C046–C047","Court-fixed amount"],["Priority after homestead","Answered in ordinary-judgment core","C048","Title and lien rankings"],["Senior mortgage treatment","Partial","C029, C048, C054","Actual title and court order"],["Multiple judgment liens","Partial","C048","Docket/transcript dates and priority law"],["Sale notice","Answered","C049","Actual posting/publication"],["Individual notice to spouse/co-owner/lienholders","Partial","C050","Actual interest and due-process facts"],["Auction conduct","Answered","C051–C052","Actual sale record"],["Notice defect consequences","Partial","C053","Purchaser posture and damages"],["Certificate of sale","Answered","C055","Actual filing"],["Judicial sale confirmation","No universal requirement found","C062","Actual order/local procedure"],["Redemption eligibility","Answered","C056","Actual status"],["Redemption period","Answered","C057","Sale date"],["Redemption amount","Answered in formula","C058","Purchase, interest, taxes, expenses"],["Possession during redemption","Answered","C060","Personal family-home occupancy"],["Rent accounting","Answered","C061","Actual demand and receipts"],["Appraisal-report objections","Unresolved","C062","General motion/finality authority"],["General exemption notice","Answered","C063","Service date"],["General exemption hearing","Answered","C063","Filing and court receipt"],["Private negotiation as stay","Rejected","C064","Actual written forbearance or court order"],["Recording standards/fee","Answered","C065","Actual page count and conformity"],["Sheriff/court costs","Partial","C046–C047, C066","County schedule, publication, appraisal"],["Satisfaction","Answered narrowly","C067","Final accounting and all county records"],["Homestead declaration form","Answered as sample","S018","Actual completion/acceptance not assessed"],["Appraisal/sale/redemption forms","Not found statewide","—","Local court/sheriff packet may exist"],["Real-property title search","Excluded","C068","No named/private record lookup"],["Full judgment duration/renewal","Excluded","—","PASS-18 unreviewed"],["Wage garnishment","Excluded","—","PASS-21 unreviewed"],["Bank/benefit tracing","Excluded","—","PASS-22 unreviewed"],["Personal-property execution","Excluded except order of resort","C009","PASS-23 unreviewed"],["Mortgage foreclosure/tax sale","Excluded","—","Separate secured/government passes"],["Probate/partition/bankruptcy","Excluded","—","Specialized passes"],["Support/government/medical/education","Excluded","—","Specialized passes"],["Local/tribal/foreign-country law","Excluded","—","Jurisdiction-specific research"],["Actual collection result","Unresolved","C068","Private facts and records outside scope"]]}],"claims":[{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C001","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C001","Precise claim":"Judgment entry alone does not authorize real-estate seizure or sale.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S003; creditor/postjudgment. Writ and levy required. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C002","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C002","Precise claim":"District judgment lien begins on docketing and reaches only nonexempt real property in that county.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S001, §25-9-301. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C003","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C003","Precise claim":"Another county requires certified docket-transcript filing.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S001, §25-9-302. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C004","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C004","Precise claim":"Other-county filing does not restart the ten-year lien period.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S001, §25-9-302. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C005","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C005","Precise claim":"Justice judgment requires transcript filing with District Court clerk where land is situated.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S001, §25-31-914. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C006","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C006","Precise claim":"Small Claims uses Justice Court enforcement law.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S019 administrative court-route statutes. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"correct_legal_gateway_but_wrong_source_crosslink","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain. S019isDPHHSinstructions,notSmallClaimsauthority;useactual25-35-807anddedicatedsource.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C007","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C007","Precise claim":"Foreign judgment must be registered and noticed before ordinary Montana enforcement; distribution waits 30 days after notice mailing.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S002. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C008","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C008","Precise claim":"Federal Montana judgment requires certified transcript filing for county lien.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S001, §25-9-303. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C009","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C009","Precise claim":"Personal property precedes real property in ordinary execution.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S003, §25-13-304. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C010","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C010","Precise claim":"Real-property writ reaches property owned at docketing/transcript filing or later acquired.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S003, §25-13-305. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C011","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C011","Precise claim":"District execution ordinarily waits 14 days after judgment entry.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S003, Rule 62(a). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C012","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C012","Precise claim":"Appeal does not stay execution without approved security/order.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S003/S012, Rule 62(d), App. R. 22. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain. Rule22properdistrictmotion/securitywaivernotautomaticstay;actual11daymotion/responseclocksconditional.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C013","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C013","Precise claim":"Homestead is dwelling/mobile home, appurtenances, and land where claimant resides.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004, §70-32-101. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C014","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C014","Precise claim":"Current chapter has no express numerical acreage cap.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004, repealed §70-32-102. High textual conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C015","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C015","Precise claim":"Married claimant may select from either spouse’s property; unmarried claimant from claimant’s own property.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004, §70-32-103. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C016","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C016","Precise claim":"Qualifying revocable-trust property can be claimed by settlor.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004, §70-32-103(2). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C017","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C017","Precise claim":"No head-of-household or dependent requirement appears in the current establishment statutes.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §§101, 103. High textual conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C018","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C018","Precise claim":"2026 full homestead amount is $425,828.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §104; S005 DOR 2026 page. High operational amount; ARM body held."},"coordinator_verification_status":"DOR_operational_amount_supported_ARM_body_and_rounding_held","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain. NounqualifiedARMruleauthenticationorHIFequityruletransplant.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C019","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C019","Precise claim":"Cap increases 4% every calendar year after 2021.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §104(3). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C020","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C020","Precise claim":"Assessment roll is prima facie, not necessarily conclusive, value evidence.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §104(1). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C021","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C021","Precise claim":"Undivided-interest exemption is proportional to claimant’s title interest.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §104(2). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C022","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C022","Precise claim":"Spouses do not automatically double the homestead cap.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §104. High textual conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C023","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C023","Precise claim":"Homestead selection requires executed, acknowledged, recorded declaration.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §§105–107. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C024","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C024","Precise claim":"Ordinary declaration contains residence statement, claim, and description, subject to proceeds branch.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §106. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C025","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C025","Precise claim":"Universal both-spouse signature requirement for initial declaration was not established.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S004 §105; S018 form. Unresolved beyond text."},"coordinator_verification_status":"explicit_unresolved_or_qualified_negative_provenance_hold_retained","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C026","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C026","Precise claim":"Both spouses must execute married-homestead conveyance, encumbrance, or abandonment.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S008 §§301–302. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C027","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C027","Precise claim":"Abandonment declaration is effective only when filed where homestead was recorded.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S008 §303. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C028","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C028","Precise claim":"Ordinary judgment liens are not §202 exceptions and may be followed by a homestead declaration.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S006; S015 ¶9. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C029","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C029","Precise claim":"§202 exceptions are construction/vendor liens and specified mortgages.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S006 §202. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C030","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C030","Precise claim":"General purchase-price/purchase-loan exception exists, but exact Chapter 32 interaction is unresolved.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S006 §25-13-607. High text; scope partial."},"coordinator_verification_status":"explicit_unresolved_or_qualified_negative_provenance_hold_retained","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C031","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C031","Precise claim":"Claimant must own or have owned qualifying property.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S017 ¶¶17–18. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C032","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C032","Precise claim":"Avoided fraudulent transferee who never lawfully owned cannot claim homestead.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S017 ¶18. High, fact-specific."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C033","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C033","Precise claim":"Traceable proceeds may be claimed after sale and vacancy when property could have qualified at disposal.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S008 §216; S016 ¶¶10, 13–14. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C034","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C034","Precise claim":"Traceable homestead proceeds receive 18 months’ protection.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S008 §§213, 216. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.216disjunctivesold/condemnation/lossindemnitybranches,notmandatoryindemnityforeverysale.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C035","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C035","Precise claim":"FIFO, LIFO, or another reasonable debtor-selected tracing method is authorized.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S008 §216(2). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.216disjunctivesold/condemnation/lossindemnitybranches,notmandatoryindemnityforeverysale.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C036","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C036","Precise claim":"Ordinary unsecured creditor must levy before filing appraisal petition.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §§203–204. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C037","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C037","Precise claim":"Verified petition states levy, claimant, and value above cap.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §204. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C038","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C038","Precise claim":"Petition and hearing notice must be personally served at least two days before hearing.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §205. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"two_day_service_supported_personal_method_needs_authority_or_hold","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.205doesnotsaypersonally;identifyactualgoverningmethodorholdit.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C039","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C039","Precise claim":"Judge may appoint three disinterested county-resident freeholders after proof.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §206. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C040","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C040","Precise claim":"Appraisers inspect, value, and determine divisibility.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §207. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C041","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C041","Precise claim":"Written appraisal report is due within 15 days after appointment.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §208. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C042","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C042","Precise claim":"Divisible land: residence and land worth cap set off; remainder executable.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §209. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C043","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C043","Precise claim":"Indivisible over-cap property: court orders execution sale.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §210. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C044","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C044","Precise claim":"No homestead-sale bid may be accepted unless it exceeds applicable exemption.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §211. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C045","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C045","Precise claim":"Homestead proceeds up to cap go to claimant; balance to execution.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §212. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C046","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C046","Precise claim":"Appraiser compensation is court-fixed reasonable amount.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §214. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C047","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C047","Precise claim":"Creditor initially pays appraisal costs; costs added on division/sale.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S007 §215. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C048","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C048","Precise claim":"Ordinary judgment creditor receives proceeds only after full homestead protection and legally ranked claims.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S015 ¶¶10–11. High for ordinary judgment lien."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C049","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C049","Precise claim":"Real-sale notice requires 20-day posting and weekly publication for same period.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §701(1)(c). High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C050","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C050","Precise claim":"Statute does not expressly direct individual sale notice to every spouse/co-owner/lienholder.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §701; S007 §205. Qualified textual conclusion; due process fact-specific."},"coordinator_verification_status":"explicit_unresolved_or_qualified_negative_provenance_hold_retained","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C051","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C051","Precise claim":"Sale is auction to highest bidder, 9 a.m.–5 p.m., parcels separated where required.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §704. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C052","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C052","Precise claim":"Officer stops after sufficient property sold; debtor present may direct parcel order.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §704. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C053","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C053","Precise claim":"Sale without statutory notice creates $500 forfeiture plus actual damages.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §702. High; other relief not automatic."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C054","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C054","Precise claim":"Purchaser gets only debtor’s right, title, and interest.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §710. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_basic_rule_redemption_exceptions_and_relative_clocks_patch_required","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.710shortestateexception,803successive60days,806unnoticedadditionconsequence,810conditionaldeed,8225day/1month/15dayaccountingbranches.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C055","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C055","Precise claim":"Sheriff issues and files duplicate certificate of sale.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S009 §711. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_basic_rule_redemption_exceptions_and_relative_clocks_patch_required","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.710shortestateexception,803successive60days,806unnoticedadditionconsequence,810conditionaldeed,8225day/1month/15dayaccountingbranches.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C056","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C056","Precise claim":"Debtor, spouse, successor, and qualifying lien creditors may redeem.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S010 §801. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_basic_rule_redemption_exceptions_and_relative_clocks_patch_required","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.710shortestateexception,803successive60days,806unnoticedadditionconsequence,810conditionaldeed,8225day/1month/15dayaccountingbranches.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C057","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C057","Precise claim":"Basic redemption period is one year.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S010 §§802, 810. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_basic_rule_redemption_exceptions_and_relative_clocks_patch_required","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.710shortestateexception,803successive60days,806unnoticedadditionconsequence,810conditionaldeed,8225day/1month/15dayaccountingbranches.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C058","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C058","Precise claim":"Redemption includes purchase price, interest, qualifying taxes, expenses, and certain liens.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S010 §802. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_basic_rule_redemption_exceptions_and_relative_clocks_patch_required","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. 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Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C063","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C063","Precise claim":"General seizure notice is due within five days; exemption request has ten-day statutory window.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S011 §§211–212. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C064","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C064","Precise claim":"Private negotiations or an appeal without stay do not stop execution.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S003/S012. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain. Rule22properdistrictmotion/securitywaivernotautomaticstay;actual11daymotion/responseclocksconditional.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C065","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C065","Precise claim":"Recording fee is $20 first page plus $10 each additional standard page in 2026.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S013 §7-4-2637. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. Currentness/history/local/tribal/country/sectorholdsremain.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P24-C066","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P24-C066","Precise claim":"District execution/order issuance fee is $25; sheriff fee depends first on county schedule.","Source/pinpoint; actor/stage; conditions, consequence, confidence":"S014. High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"supported_with_original_predicates_and_recorded_limits","coordinator_limits":"Noactualtitle/ownership/declaration/mortgage/valuation/levy/service/order/sale/redemption/priority/satisfaction established. 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Complete ordinary docketing, county, nonexempt-property, transcript, and ten-year clauses read. HTML; printed-page/PDF index not applicable. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh301/302/303andJustice914 completeoperativebodies primary5","coordinator_limits":"County/nonexempt/docketing/transcript/tenyearbounds supported;61-6-123andchildsupportexceptions notordinaryconsumerbranches. 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Sister-state gateway only. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh503/504 complete primary5","coordinator_limits":"Authenticatedfiling/affidavitvalidity+satisfaction/address,certifiedmailreturnreceiptto debtorANDattorney/copies/maildateaffidavit/30daydistributionrestriction supported;noactualforeignjudgment.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"source_id":"S_MT-P24-S003","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0200/part_0070/section_0620/0250-0200-0070-0620.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P24-S003","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint":"Execution gateway and stay, Montana Legislature: MCA §§25-13-201, 301, 304, 305, 401, 402, 404 and Rule 62. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0030/section_0050/0250-0130-0030-0050.html; Rule 62: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0200/part_0070/section_0620/0250-0200-0070-0620.html","Version/status/read bounds and limitations":"Fresh current MCA 2025/rule text. Writ, order of resort, county reach, 120-day execution boundary, return, and 14-day stay read. Full judgment lifecycle excluded. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh305 primary5;datedcompletedMT21 actual201/301/401/402/404 andMT23fresh304;MT22 completeRule62","coordinator_limits":"Orderofresort/realpropertywrit/county/writterm andinitial14daystay supported withoriginalcourt/orderexceptions. 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Section 102’s former acreage provision is repealed. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+6"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh101-107complete including102repeal primary1/4","coordinator_limits":"Dwelling/residence,revocabletrustpredicate,capproportion/declaration/recording supported. Universalinitialspousesignature andspecialtitleapplication held.104requiresDORrules,exactoperativeARMstillunrecovered.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"source_id":"S_MT-P24-S005","urls":["https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P24-S005","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint":"2026 homestead amount, Montana Department of Revenue, https://revenue.mt.gov/taxes/miscellaneous/help-integrity-fee, lines 113–131","Version/status/read bounds and limitations":"Fresh official current 2026 HTML. States $430,828 HIF threshold as $425,828 + $5,000; supports 2026 homestead amount $425,828. Current ARM body/rule number not recovered. \nMontana Department of Revenue"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"FreshactualDORcurrentHIFpageprimary1 lines113-131;oneboundedfreshsearchprimary2 nooperativeARMbody","coordinator_limits":"425828homesteadcomponentand430828HIFthreshold supportedASDOROPERATIONALPUBLICATION;notfreshARMrule orHIFequitymethodtransplantedasexecutionlaw.350000*1.04^5=425828.51584unroundeddiagnostic isnotlegalroundingrule. 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Exact cross-statute reach of §607 remains held. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh201/202complete primary4;datedMT23 actual607 primary3","coordinator_limits":"Exclusiveordinaryhomesteadexceptions/specificmortgagesandconstructionvendorliens supported;general607crosschapterreachproperlyheld. Specializedtax/support/bankruptcyexcluded.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"source_id":"S_MT-P24-S007","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P24-S007","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint":"Homestead appraisal, division, sale, bid, proceeds, appraiser compensation, and costs, Montana Legislature: §§70-32-203–215. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0030/0700-0320-0020-0030.html through section_0150","Version/status/read bounds and limitations":"Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Complete operative sequence and exceptions read. No express report-objection or sale-confirmation deadline found. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+11"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh203-206primary1and207-215primary3complete","coordinator_limits":"Verifiedpetition/levy/name/overcap/2dayservice/3appraisers/oath/view/15dayreport/divideorsale/bidaboveexemption/proceeds/costs supported.205saysSERVED,notexpressPERSONALLY;unconditionalpersonalmethodrequiresgoverningadditionalauthorityorhold.210SHALLordersaleifpredicatesmet,E8mayneedswordingrepair.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"source_id":"S_MT-P24-S008","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0160/0700-0320-0020-0160.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0130/0700-0320-0020-0130.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P24-S008","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint":"Proceeds, conveyance, encumbrance, and abandonment, Montana Legislature: §70-32-213; §70-32-216, https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0700/chapter_0320/part_0020/section_0160/0700-0320-0020-0160.html; §§70-32-301–303","Version/status/read bounds and limitations":"Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Eighteen-month protection, tracing methods, spousal conveyance/encumbrance, and formal abandonment read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+4"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh213/216complete primary3;301-303complete primary4","coordinator_limits":"Distinctexecutionmoney18monthsafterpayment andconditionalconvertedtraceableproceeds;SOLD ORCONDEMNATION ORLOST-DAMAGED-DESTROYEDANDindemnified. Core37compressionmustnotrequireindemnityforeverysale/condemnation. Spousalconveyance/formalabandonmentclauses supported.","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"source_id":"S_MT-P24-S009","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P24-S009","Title, issuer, full literal URL, and pinpoint":"General real-estate execution sale, Montana Legislature: §§25-13-701–704, 710–711. Principal URL: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0250/chapter_0130/part_0070/section_0010/0250-0130-0070-0010.html","Version/status/read bounds and limitations":"Fresh current MCA 2025 HTML. Notice, $500 forfeiture, postponement, auction, parcels, debtor direction, transferred interest, and certificate read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+5"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"DatedcompletedMT23primary1/2 actual701-704;fresh710/711complete primary7","coordinator_limits":"Realnotice20days/weeklypublicationandauction/parcels/certificate supported.710shortestateexception:less thanleasehold2yearsunexpiredsaleABSOLUTE;othercasesredemption. 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Redeemer classes, one-year period, amounts, notices, papers, payment, effect, deed, possession, rents, waste, and injunction read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+11"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"Fresh801-810/821-824primary6-7 completeoperativeclauses","coordinator_limits":"Basic1year andactualredeemer/payment/certificaterecording/occupancy/wastebounds supported. Omitted803successive60daycycle/810lastredemptionerdeedconditions and8225day/1month/15dayaccountingextensionmustbevisible.806missingfilingcanallowredemptionwithoutunnotifiedtax-assessment-lien. 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Complete notice, personal/mail trigger, ten-day claim, documentation, copies, hearing, and late-claim clauses read. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"DatedcompletedMT21actual212;MT23fresh211primary9","coordinator_limits":"Correctjudgmentdatenotice/5days/personalreceiptversusmailing10dayclaim/copies/hearing conditional. 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Stay/bond/security and satisfaction routes read only as necessary for this component. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"scoped_source_check_complete_with_three_bounded_groups_and_access_holds","coordinator_access":"FreshcompleteAppellateRule22primary5;datedcompletedMT23fresh311primary5","coordinator_limits":"Districtfirstmotion/approvedbondoradequatealternative/waiver/security/order supported. Merestipulationwaivingsecuritynotuniversalautomaticstay. SupremeCourtreliefmotion11daysfromorder/response11daysfrommotion areactualrelativeclocks;noactualcalendar. 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facts"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Auction conduct","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Auction conduct","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C051–C052","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual sale record"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Notice defect consequences","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Notice defect consequences","Status":"Partial","Claim IDs":"C053","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Purchaser posture and damages"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Certificate of sale","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Certificate of sale","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C055","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual filing"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Judicial sale confirmation","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Judicial sale confirmation","Status":"No universal requirement found","Claim IDs":"C062","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual order/local procedure"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Redemption eligibility","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Redemption eligibility","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C056","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual status"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Redemption period","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Redemption period","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C057","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Sale date"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Redemption amount","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Redemption amount","Status":"Answered in formula","Claim IDs":"C058","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Purchase, interest, taxes, expenses"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Possession during redemption","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Possession during redemption","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C060","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Personal family-home occupancy"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Rent accounting","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Rent accounting","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C061","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual demand and receipts"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Appraisal-report objections","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Appraisal-report objections","Status":"Unresolved","Claim IDs":"C062","Exact missing evidence or next 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receipt"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Private negotiation as stay","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Private negotiation as stay","Status":"Rejected","Claim IDs":"C064","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual written forbearance or court order"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Recording standards/fee","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Recording standards/fee","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C065","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual page count and 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records"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Homestead declaration form","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Homestead declaration form","Status":"Answered as sample","Claim IDs":"S018","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Actual completion/acceptance not assessed"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Appraisal/sale/redemption forms","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Appraisal/sale/redemption forms","Status":"Not found statewide","Claim IDs":"—","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Local court/sheriff packet may exist"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Real-property title search","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Real-property title search","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"C068","Exact missing evidence or next action":"No named/private record lookup"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Full judgment duration/renewal","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Full judgment duration/renewal","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact missing evidence or next action":"PASS-18 unreviewed"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Wage garnishment","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Wage garnishment","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact missing evidence or next action":"PASS-21 unreviewed"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Bank/benefit tracing","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Bank/benefit tracing","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact missing evidence or next action":"PASS-22 unreviewed"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Personal-property execution","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Personal-property execution","Status":"Excluded except order of resort","Claim IDs":"C009","Exact missing evidence or next 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research"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"},{"topic":"Actual collection result","researcher_record":{"Assigned issue":"Actual collection result","Status":"Unresolved","Claim IDs":"C068","Exact missing evidence or next action":"Private facts and records outside scope"},"coordinator_acceptance":"scoped_review_complete_three_bounded_procedure_redemption_and_source_render_groups_required_original_holds_remain","coordinator_review":"[internal evidence reference]"}],"annotations":{},"corrections":[],"resolved_corrections":[],"review_history":[]}