{"meta":{"key":"s_mt--pass-09","task":"S_MT","title":"SMT Montana prelitigation debt validation, disputes, and consumer access to account documentation","parent_title":"Montana debt and debt relief law","edition":"pass-09","path":"/research/s_mt--pass-09/","kind":"split_pass","category":"state","role":"state","area_numbers":[66],"groups":["collections"],"date":"2026-10-26","tables":6,"claims":52,"sources":23,"review_status":"revise","review_complete":true,"sha256":"b1c2afd522ea62ff741edee5ed301d64446f397074e9ad1258a52eb754125fe1","headings":["1. Montana does not present one universal debt-validation regime","2. Montana Consumer Loan Act records and consumer-facing information","A. Payment receipts","B. Retention","C. Closure and transfer information","D. No general MCLA dispute pause found","3. Montana retail-credit documentation rights","A. Retail installment contract copy at formation","B. Written request for account statement","C. Retail-merchandise periodic statements","4. Montana UCC assignment proof, accounting, and release rights","A. Reasonable proof of assignment under §30-9A-406","B. Accounting and statement-of-account requests under §30-9A-210","C. Release after the secured obligation ends","5. Necessary federal validation branch","A. Coverage gateway","B. Initial federal validation notice","C. Regulation F’s expanded itemization","D. Validation period and receipt","E. Oral versus written disputes","F. Collection pause and restart","G. Verification standard","H. Successor collectors","I. Duplicative disputes","J. Electronic notices and responses","K. Federal record retention","L. Model Form B-1","1. First Fidelity Bank v. Matthews — assignment notice","2. Hutzenbiler v. RJC Investment — accounting and nonwaiver","3. Camacho v. Bridgeport Financial — oral dispute","4. Clark v. Capital Credit & Collection Services — verification baseline","5. Mahon v. Credit Bureau of Placer County — sending","6. Hernandez v. Williams, Zinman & Parham — successor collectors","7. Mashiri v. Epsten Grinnell & Howell — overshadowing","Example 1 — Montana Consumer Loan Act payment receipt","Example 2 — Retail installment statement request","Example 3 — Assignment-proof request","Example 4 — UCC accounting request","Example 5 — Regulation F itemization","Example 6 — Relative federal validation timeline","Example 7 — Oral versus written dispute","Branch A: oral dispute within validation period","Branch B: timely written dispute","Example 8 — Original-creditor request","Different original and current creditors","Same original and current creditor","Example 9 — Successor collector","Example 10 — Electronic validation notice","Supported branch","Unsupported branch","Example 11 — Late request","Freshly and directly read on October 26, 2026","Fresh but access-limited","Bounded negative searches","Not read or resolved"],"generation_provenance":{"actual_route":"regular_chat_adaptive_models","actual_model":"GPT-5.6 Sol","actual_mode":"Pro","provenance_limit":"Actual documented capture labels only; missing labels remain unknown. No preferred setting is inferred as actual execution."},"public_id":"S_MT/pass-09","facets":{"geography":["us","us-mt"],"debt_type":[],"stage":["collection","lawsuit"],"subject":["validation-disputes"]},"scope":"Distinct expressly deferred prelitigation validation/dispute/account-documentation component; P8unreviewed not accepted; creditreporting/litigation/remedies later.","pending_corrections":2},"markdown":"# S_MT PASS-09 — Montana prelitigation debt validation, disputes, and consumer access to account documentation\n\n**Fresh research session:** October 26, 2026, Pacific / October 26, 2026, UTC\n**Mode:** GPT-5.6 Sol Pro, regular Chat\n**Relationship to prior work:** Distinct validation/documentation component. This does not adopt PASS-08’s unreviewed licensing conclusions or regenerate any provider, fee, funds, bond, agreement, remedies, collection-conduct, litigation, or credit-reporting report.\n\n**Component status:** **PARTIAL.** Montana has several account-specific disclosure and documentation rights, but no generally applicable Montana prelitigation validation-notice-and-collection-pause regime equivalent to 15 U.S.C. §1692g was verified. The federal FDCPA/Regulation F process supplies that broader validation framework only when the collector, debt, and communication satisfy federal coverage requirements.\n\n# A. Substantive answers\n\n## 1. Montana does not present one universal debt-validation regime\n\nFresh review identified four materially different Montana documentation systems:\n\n1. **Consumer Loan Act records and receipts** for a covered Montana consumer-loan licensee.\n2. **Retail installment contract copies, payment statements, and periodic retail-account statements.**\n3. **UCC Article 9 accounting and assignment-proof rights**, whose scope depends on the transaction and statutory role.\n4. **General Montana unfair-or-deceptive-practice law**, which can reach materially false debt, ownership, or account representations but does not itself prescribe one universal validation form, 30-day dispute window, or automatic collection pause.\n\nNo current Montana statute or authenticated current rule was verified that requires every original creditor, collection agency, debt buyer, servicer, or attorney collecting a Montana debt to send a general initial validation notice containing the federal §1692g disclosures. No general Montana rule was verified that pauses every collector after every consumer dispute. That is a bounded conclusion from the Montana Titles 30, 31, and 32 provisions and official rule routes examined—not proof that no specialized sector, local, tribal, contract, or future-enacted duty exists. [Montana Code Annotated+4](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html)\n\nThe practical result is that the following questions must be kept separate:\n\n- Is the account governed by a Montana loan, retail-installment, retail-merchandise, or secured-transactions statute?\n- Is the person seeking payment a federally covered “debt collector”?\n- Is the consumer making a state account-statement request, a UCC assignment-proof request, a UCC accounting request, a federal oral dispute, a timely federal written dispute, or a federal original-creditor request?\n- Does the request create only a document duty, a payment-direction consequence, or an actual collection pause?\n\nA voluntary account statement, industry validation packet, or creditor policy is not converted into Montana law merely because it is customary.\n\n## 2. Montana Consumer Loan Act records and consumer-facing information\n\n### A. Payment receipts\n\nA covered Montana Consumer Loan Act licensee must give a borrower a plain, dated, complete receipt for every **cash payment** at the time of payment. The licensee must also maintain a reliable ledger or electronic record showing the amount and date of each payment. After full repayment, it must memorialize satisfaction, release covered collateral, and cancel and return the note or equivalent instrument within ten days. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html)\n\nThe current official Montana rule search rendering and the matching current secondary compilation go further than the statute’s cash-payment minimum. ARM 2.59.305 requires the licensee to give or mail a plain and complete receipt for **each payment**, with at least:\n\n- Borrower name.\n- Account number.\n- Payment amount and date.\n- Past-due amount collected, if any.\n- Remaining loan balance.\n- Refund amount.\n\nThe rule also requires each installment payment, refund, or collection to be recorded separately, with electronic records capable of hard-copy reproduction. The current official rule text route returned HTTP 405, but the official search rendering supplies the current text, and the official 2014 adoption notice confirms that ARM 2.59.305 was amended as proposed. [Montana Administrative Rules+2](https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15?utm_source=chatgpt.com)\n\nThis is a **payment-receipt and account-record duty**, not a general precollection validation notice. It does not itself require production of the original signed note, an assignment chain, or every historical statement after a consumer disputes the account.\n\n### B. Retention\n\nA Consumer Loan Act licensee must preserve the books, accounts, and records required by the Department and necessary to determine compliance for at least **two years after the final entry on the loan**. ARM 2.59.306 additionally requires a continuously current total of Montana consumer-loan notes receivable originated at each licensed location and requires the supporting source documents to remain available for Department examination or submission. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0070/0320-0050-0030-0070.html)\n\nThose records must exist for regulatory purposes, but the provisions do not create an express consumer right to demand the licensee’s entire regulatory file, underwriting file, examination materials, or source-document archive.\n\n### C. Closure and transfer information\n\nARM 2.59.319 creates a special disclosure regime when a Consumer Loan Act business closes. At least 60 days before the intended closure, the licensee must notify consumers with active loans and disclose:\n\n- Current balance itemized by unpaid principal, accrued interest, and allowable fees.\n- Closure date, no sooner than 60 days after mailing.\n- Succession plan, including sale or assignment.\n- Successor’s contact information and assumption letter.\n- Available alternatives.\n- Lien-release contact information.\n- Department complaint information.\n\nThe licensee also must identify the post-closure custodian of inactive files and furnish the Department a detailed active-loan report. This is a **closure-specific** rule; it is not proof that every ordinary sale or servicing transfer must use the same notice. The official current page identifies the rule as effective, but direct body access failed; the matching current secondary text was read. [Montana Administrative Rules+2](https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858?utm_source=chatgpt.com)\n\n### D. No general MCLA dispute pause found\n\nThe read Consumer Loan Act provisions and rules do not establish a general process under which:\n\n- Every consumer dispute must be written.\n- The licensee must respond within a fixed number of days.\n- Collection automatically stops upon dispute.\n- A signed original note must be produced before collection resumes.\n- The debt disappears if requested documents are not supplied.\n\nFalse balance, ownership, or payment-history representations may implicate other law, including Montana’s general ban on unfair or deceptive practices, but those are distinct issues. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html)\n\n## 3. Montana retail-credit documentation rights\n\n## A. Retail installment contract copy at formation\n\nA Montana retail installment contract must generally be written, signed by buyer and seller, completed as to essential provisions before the buyer signs, and contain the prescribed information. The buyer must be told that the buyer is entitled to an exact copy bearing the buyer’s signature. The contract must identify the parties, goods or services, collateral, cash price, down payment, principal balance, finance charge, total time balance, installment count and amount, and due dates or periods. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0310/0310-0010-0020-0310.html)\n\nThis is an **execution-stage copy right**. It does not say that every later collector must produce the original ink-signed contract in response to every prelitigation dispute. A collector’s later proof obligations may arise from federal validation law, UCC assignment law, contract law, or litigation evidentiary rules, but §31-1-231 itself is not a universal later validation process.\n\n## B. Written request for account statement\n\nUpon the buyer’s **written request**, the holder of a Montana retail installment contract must give or forward a written statement showing:\n\n- Dates of payments.\n- Amounts of payments.\n- Total amount unpaid under the contract.\n\nThe holder must also give a receipt for cash payments and, after full payment, acknowledge satisfaction and release security. The statute does not prescribe a response deadline, assumed-receipt rule, specific delivery method, dispute form, or collection pause. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0360/0310-0010-0020-0360.html)\n\n“Holder” is important. It includes the seller or an assignee entitled to the seller’s rights under the retail installment contract. Thus, this duty can follow the contract to a qualifying assignee; it is not limited to the original seller. The exact contract and assignment facts remain necessary.\n\n## C. Retail-merchandise periodic statements\n\nA separate Montana statute applies when a retail seller sells merchandise on an account that was not intended to extend credit beyond 30 days and imposes the authorized late-payment charge. During every agreed regular period with an unpaid balance, the seller must promptly provide a statement disclosing:\n\n- Late-charge percentage.\n- Opening or ending unpaid balance.\n- Amounts debited during the period.\n- Buyer payments during the period.\n- Late charge and annual simple-interest equivalent.\n- A statement that the buyer may pay the total unpaid balance at any time.\n\nThis branch excludes intangible services, regulated utilities, real estate, health-care services, and transactions governed by Montana’s retail-installment provisions. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html)\n\nIt is a periodic-statement condition on charging the Montana retail late fee—not a universal debt-buyer validation rule.\n\n## 4. Montana UCC assignment proof, accounting, and release rights\n\nThese UCC rights can apply to consumer or commercial transactions depending on the statutory role and collateral. They should not be reduced to a generic “debt validation” label.\n\n## A. Reasonable proof of assignment under §30-9A-406\n\nAn account debtor on an account, chattel paper, or payment intangible may continue discharging the obligation by paying the assignor until receiving a signed assignment notice that reasonably identifies the assigned rights and directs payment to the assignee. After an effective notification, payment generally must go to the assignee. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html)\n\nIf the account debtor requests proof, the assignee must **seasonably furnish reasonable proof** that the assignment occurred. Until the assignee complies, the account debtor may discharge the obligation by paying the assignor even after receiving the assignment notice. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html)\n\nThis has several limits:\n\n- “Seasonably” is not converted in this section into a fixed number of days.\n- The consequence is a rule about whom the account debtor may safely pay.\n- The section does not say that failure to furnish proof extinguishes the underlying debt.\n- It does not require a complete purchase agreement, every intermediate assignment, a wet-ink note, or every ledger entry in every case.\n- It does not itself pause every communication or lawsuit.\n- It is subject to other law providing different rules for individuals who incurred personal, family, or household obligations.\n- Its payment-notification provisions do not apply to controllable accounts or controllable payment intangibles, and the section contains other transaction-specific exclusions. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html)\n\nMontana’s older *First Fidelity Bank v. Matthews* decision applied the predecessor assignment-notice rule and held that notice to a limited-purpose escrow agent was not necessarily notice to the account debtor. The court treated effective notice of the assignment and payment direction as material to whether the debtor could discharge the obligation by paying the assignor. It did not hold that every assignment requires production of a complete chain of title or that an unnoticed assignment destroys the debt. [Justia Law](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html)\n\n## B. Accounting and statement-of-account requests under §30-9A-210\n\nA debtor may send a signed record that reasonably identifies the transaction and requests:\n\n- An accounting of unpaid secured obligations.\n- Approval or correction of a collateral list.\n- Approval or correction of the debtor’s proposed statement of the aggregate unpaid obligation.\n\nA covered secured party must respond within **14 days after receipt**. An accounting must be signed, state the aggregate unpaid secured obligations as of a date within 35 days before or after the record date, and identify the obligation’s components in reasonable detail. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html)\n\nA former secured party that no longer claims an interest must respond within the same 14-day period by disclaiming its interest and, if known, naming and giving the mailing address of its assignee or successor. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html)\n\nThe debtor receives one response without charge during any six-month period. A secured party may charge no more than **$25** for each additional response. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html)\n\nThe scope limitation is major: §30-9A-210 expressly excludes from this response duty a **buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes**, as well as a consignor. A consumer cannot assume that every debt buyer or purchased-account owner must answer a §30-9A-210 accounting request merely because it owns the debt. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html)\n\nIn *Hutzenbiler v. RJC Investment*, the Montana Supreme Court reversed summary judgment and held that a release did not terminate applicable Article 9 accounting and surplus protections after resale of a mobile home. The court cited §30-9A-210’s 14-day accounting duty and emphasized that protected accounting rights could not simply be waived away. The court remanded and did not decide every merits issue, including the disputed default question. [Justia Law+1](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html)\n\n## C. Release after the secured obligation ends\n\nWhere there is no outstanding secured obligation and no commitment to provide further value, a secured party must, within **10 days after receiving a signed demand**, send a signed release to an account debtor previously notified of the assignment. This section does not apply when the assignment itself constituted a sale of an account, chattel paper, or payment intangible. [Montana Code Annotated](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0090/0300-009A-0020-0090.html)\n\nThis is not a generic paid-debt validation rule for every purchased account. It is a narrower release mechanism tied to a secured-party assignment structure.\n\n## 5. Necessary federal validation branch\n\n## A. Coverage gateway\n\nThe federal validation regime applies only to a person who satisfies the FDCPA “debt collector” definition and to an obligation arising primarily from a personal, family, or household transaction. An original creditor collecting in its own name is generally not within the ordinary “owed another” prong, although the statute contains the other-name rule and other fact-specific routes. Employees, affiliates, pre-default acquirers, fiduciaries, government actors, and other categories have conditional exclusions. [U.S. Code](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/)\n\nThis means:\n\n- A Montana original creditor can have Montana account-statement duties without having a federal §1692g validation duty.\n- A third-party collector can have a federal validation duty even where Montana has no parallel general notice statute.\n- A debt buyer’s federal status requires the principal-purpose and other statutory analysis; title ownership alone does not answer the validation question.\n- Commercial debt is outside §1692g even if a Montana UCC accounting or assignment provision applies.\n\n## B. Initial federal validation notice\n\nUnless the consumer already paid or the required information appeared in the initial communication, a covered debt collector must send the validation notice within five days after its initial communication. The statute requires:\n\n1. Amount of the debt.\n2. Name of the current creditor.\n3. Statement that the collector will assume validity unless the consumer disputes within 30 days after receipt.\n4. Statement that a timely written dispute requires verification or a judgment copy.\n5. Statement that a timely written request requires the original creditor’s name and address, if different. [U.S. Code](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/)\n\nA formal pleading in a civil action is not an initial communication for this purpose. Failure to dispute is not a legal admission of liability. [U.S. Code](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/)\n\nRegulation F permits the validation information to be:\n\n- Sent in writing or electronically with the initial communication.\n- Sent within five days after the initial communication.\n- Provided orally in the initial communication.\n\nThe regulation defines the initial communication collector by collector, subject to the formal-pleading and other listed exclusions. [eCFR](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34)\n\n## C. Regulation F’s expanded itemization\n\nRegulation F requires materially more structured information than the short statutory list. Subject to the residential-mortgage special rule, the validation information includes:\n\n- Debt collector name and mailing address for disputes and original-creditor requests.\n- Consumer’s name and mailing address.\n- Creditor at the itemization date for covered consumer financial products or services.\n- Account number or recognizable truncation.\n- Current creditor.\n- Chosen itemization date.\n- Amount on the itemization date.\n- Interest, fees, payments, and credits since that date.\n- Current amount.\n- Consumer-protection statements and response prompts.\n\nThe five permitted itemization dates are the last statement date, charge-off date, last-payment date, transaction date, or judgment date. Once one collector uses a reference date for that debt and consumer, it must use it consistently within its validation disclosures. A successor collector may choose a different permitted itemization date. [eCFR+2](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34)\n\nEach itemization field must appear. A zero-value field may say “0” or “none,” but it may not simply be omitted or left blank. A substantially similar itemization required by another law may be used where Regulation F permits. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau+1](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34)\n\nArithmetic consistency does **not** establish that an interest or fee is legally authorized, that the owner has valid title, or that the consumer is liable.\n\n## D. Validation period and receipt\n\nRegulation F defines the validation period as beginning when the information is provided and ending 30 days after the consumer actually receives or is assumed to receive it. For calculating the disclosed end date, the collector may assume receipt on a date at least five days after provision, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and federal legal public holidays. [eCFR+1](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34)\n\nIf a notice is returned undeliverable and a later notice is sent to a corrected address, the later notice must carry a newly calculated validation-period end date based on receipt or assumed receipt of that later notice. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34)\n\nThe older Ninth Circuit decision in *Mahon* held that §1692g(a) required the collector to send the notice and did not require proof of actual receipt. Regulation F now adds the separate “reasonably expected to provide actual notice” delivery rule and a receipt/assumed-receipt framework for calculating the validation period. *Mahon* remains relevant to the statutory “send” issue, but it should not be quoted as eliminating the current regulatory delivery and recalculation rules. [Justia Law+3](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/)\n\n## E. Oral versus written disputes\n\nUnder controlling Ninth Circuit authority, a consumer may dispute validity **orally** for §1692g(a)(3)’s “assumed valid” provision. A notice that says the consumer can dispute validity only in writing misstates that right. *Camacho* affirmed denial of the collector’s dismissal motion on that basis. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/)\n\nBut a timely **written** dispute is required to invoke §1692g(b)’s cease-collection-and-verify requirement. A timely written request is likewise required to compel original-creditor information and a collection pause. [U.S. Code+2](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/)\n\nRegulation F treats a request as written when, for example, the consumer:\n\n- Mails it.\n- Returns the response form.\n- Uses an email address or portal through which the collector accepts consumer communications.\n- Delivers it in person or by courier.\n\nA telephone call alone is not the Regulation F written trigger for the pause. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/38)\n\n## F. Collection pause and restart\n\nA timely written dispute requires the collector to cease collection of the debt or disputed portion until it sends:\n\n- Verification of the debt; or\n- A copy of the judgment.\n\nA timely written original-creditor request requires the collector to stop collection until it sends the original creditor’s name and address. When current and original creditor are the same, the collector may reasonably determine that fact, notify the consumer, and refer back to the previously supplied validation information. [eCFR+2](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38)\n\nThe pause is not the same as:\n\n- Cancellation of the debt.\n- Waiver of interest otherwise accruing under lawful terms.\n- Closure of an account.\n- Revocation of every payment authorization.\n- A credit-reporting block.\n- A litigation ruling on admissibility or ownership.\n\nCollection may continue during the validation period if no timely written dispute or qualifying original-creditor request has been received, but the communications may not overshadow or contradict the validation rights. [U.S. Code+1](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/)\n\nA dispute submitted after the validation period does not create §1692g(b)’s automatic pause. It also is not an admission of liability and may have significance under other provisions, a creditor policy, credit-reporting law, contract law, or litigation rules.\n\n## G. Verification standard\n\nThe Ninth Circuit’s baseline in *Clark* is limited. At minimum, verification involves written confirmation that the amount demanded is the amount the creditor claims is owed. In the case before it, an itemized statement and creditor confirmation were sufficient, and the court declined to impose a universal duty of independent investigation. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/)\n\nThat does **not** mean:\n\n- Any number supplied by a creditor is always legally correct.\n- A collector may knowingly transmit false account information.\n- Verification adjudicates ownership or contract enforceability.\n- Verification always requires the original signed contract.\n- Verification can omit the current creditor or amount.\n- A collector is immunized from separate false-amount or false-identity prohibitions.\n\nThe correct bounded conclusion is that §1692g verification is not a universal discovery procedure or prelitigation trial on the debt. Account-level proof needed to sue remains a later litigation/evidence question.\n\n## H. Successor collectors\n\nThe Ninth Circuit held in *Hernandez* that each successive covered debt collector must provide its own validation notice following its own initial communication. A prior collector’s notice does not eliminate the successor’s duty. The court reversed summary judgment and remanded. [Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals+3](https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf)\n\nThe court also observed that a collector that receives a validation request can verify and continue or cease collection and transfer the account. The successor collector must independently satisfy its own validation obligations. [Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals](https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf)\n\nThis does not establish that:\n\n- The first collector’s internal dispute flags automatically transfer under every contract.\n- A prior collector’s verification automatically satisfies the next collector’s response.\n- State UCC successor information replaces federal validation.\n- A successor may ignore known false account data.\n\nThose questions require the transfer records, applicable federal provisions, and later furnishing/reporting analysis.\n\n## I. Duplicative disputes\n\nA timely written dispute is “duplicative” only when it is substantially the same as a prior timely written dispute that the collector already answered and contains no new and material information. The collector may either reverify or send a notice explaining why the dispute is duplicative and identify the date of the prior response. New and material support—such as a canceled check not previously supplied—prevents the dispute from being treated as duplicative. [eCFR+2](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38)\n\n## J. Electronic notices and responses\n\nA required federal disclosure sent in writing or electronically must be transmitted in a manner reasonably expected to provide actual notice and in a form the consumer can retain and access later. Electronic five-day validation notices and electronic verification or original-creditor responses must comply with E-SIGN’s consumer-consent rules. [eCFR+1](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42)\n\nE-SIGN generally requires affirmative consent following clear disclosures about paper records, withdrawal of consent, scope, contact updates, paper copies, and hardware and software requirements. The consumer must consent electronically in a way reasonably demonstrating access to the format that will be used. [U.S. Code](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s7001/)\n\nMontana UETA likewise does not make email automatically valid for every state-law request. It applies only when both parties have agreed to transact electronically. Where a Montana law requires writing, the electronic record must be retainable, and the sender cannot disable the recipient’s ability to print or store it. A specified statutory method or format remains controlling unless the governing law permits variation. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html)\n\n## K. Federal record retention\n\nRegulation F requires a covered debt collector to retain evidence of compliance or noncompliance from the beginning of collection activity until three years after the collector’s last collection activity on the debt. If it records collection calls, it must retain each recording for three years after the call. [eCFR+1](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100)\n\nA sale or transfer can start the transferor’s three-year clock if it is the transferor’s last collection activity. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/100)\n\nThis retention duty does not itself grant the consumer automatic access to every retained record. It is not a universal document-production statute.\n\n## L. Model Form B-1\n\nCFPB Model Form B-1 provides a safe harbor for the validation notice’s required information and form when properly used, and its proper use also receives the rule’s specified overshadowing safe harbor. A substantially similar form can qualify. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau+1](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34)\n\nThe form is **not**:\n\n- The only permissible notice format.\n- Evidence that the debt is valid.\n- Proof of ownership.\n- Proof that all charges are authorized.\n- A complete response to every specific dispute.\n- A substitute for the applicable electronic-delivery requirements.\n- A litigation affidavit or authenticated business record.\n\nThe CFPB’s current public English packet is dated October 2021; the actual model notice appears on printed page 3, zero-based PDF index 2. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau+1](https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_debt-collection_model-validation-notice_english.pdf)\n\n# B. Actor/model/document matrix\n\n| Actor or account model | Montana prelitigation information duty | Federal validation duty | Pause or payment consequence | Critical boundary |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Original Montana Consumer Loan Act lender/licensee | Payment receipts; payment ledger; two-year records; payoff documents; closure notice if business closes | Usually no §1692g duty merely as original creditor collecting in own name | No general Montana dispute pause identified | Federal other-name or other collector status remains fact-specific |\n| MCLA servicer or assignee | Same chapter may govern transferred loan; actual licensing/classification separately held | Federal duty only if entity is a covered debt collector | Federal timely written dispute may pause covered collector | Original loan statute and acquisition/default facts needed |\n| Original retail-installment seller | Exact signed contract copy at formation; written account statement on request; receipts/payoff release | Usually no federal validation duty in own-name collection | No statutory statement-request pause | Contract must actually be a Montana retail installment contract |\n| Assignee/holder of retail-installment contract | Written payment-date/amount/unpaid-balance statement on buyer’s written request | Federal duty if assignee is a covered debt collector | No Montana pause stated; federal pause may apply separately | No state response deadline in §31-1-236 |\n| Retail merchandise seller imposing Montana late charge | Periodic statement with unpaid balance, debits, payments, charge and rate | Usually original-creditor federal exclusion | No dispute pause stated | Applies only to §31-1-501 merchandise account |\n| Third-party FDCPA debt collector | No universal Montana validation notice verified | Full §1692g/Reg F validation branch | Timely written dispute or original-creditor request pauses collection | Debt must be personal/family/household and entity federally covered |\n| Debt buyer collecting purchased account | State duties depend on account type and UCC role | Principal-purpose or other federal coverage may apply | Federal pause if covered and timely written trigger received | Ownership alone does not resolve federal or state duties |\n| Passive debt owner using external collector | State owner duties depend on account and contract | External collector has its own §1692g duty if covered; owner status separate | Collector-specific pause | Internal dispute transfer depends on law and agreement |\n| Successor debt collector | State account-specific duties remain | Must provide its own validation notice under *Hernandez* | Its own timely written dispute process applies | Prior collector’s notice does not eliminate successor duty |\n| Attorney regularly collecting consumer debt | Montana account-specific and professional duties | Attorneys are not categorically excluded from FDCPA | Federal pause if attorney is covered collector | Litigation pleading itself is not §1692g initial communication |\n| Secured party that did not buy the relevant account/note | UCC §30-9A-210 accounting/list/statement response | Federal status separately determined | 14-day document response; no general collection pause | Request must be signed and reasonably identify transaction |\n| Buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or notes | Excluded from §30-9A-210 response duty | May still be FDCPA collector | No §30-9A-210 pause or response right | Other state/federal duties may remain |\n| Assignee receiving payment-direction notice | Reasonable assignment proof on request under §30-9A-406 | Federal validation separately determined | Until proof is furnished, payment to assignor can discharge obligation | Not debt extinguishment or complete chain-of-title production |\n| Commercial account collector | UCC and contract rights may apply | FDCPA validation generally does not | State UCC consequences only if predicates met | Natural-person guarantor does not automatically convert purpose |\n| Deceased consumer’s estate representative | State probate/account rules later | Reg F treats authorized estate representative as consumer for §1006.38 in stated circumstances | Federal pause possible on timely written request | Authority to act for estate must exist |\n\n# C. Event, form, timing, and pause matrix\n\n| Event or request | Required form | Recipient | Deadline or period | Required response | Collection/paying consequence |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| MCLA cash payment | Payment by borrower | Licensee | Receipt at time of payment | Plain, dated, complete receipt | None beyond account accuracy |\n| Any MCLA payment under ARM 2.59.305 | No special consumer request | Licensee | Receipt given or mailed | Required itemized receipt | No dispute pause |\n| MCLA record retention | Regulatory duty | Licensee | Two years after final entry | Maintain required records | No consumer production right by itself |\n| MCLA business closure | Licensee-generated notice | Active borrower | At least 60 days before closure | Itemized balance and succession information | Closure date no sooner than 60 days after mailing |\n| Retail installment account statement | Buyer’s written request | Holder | No statutory response period stated | Dates/amounts of payments and total unpaid | No state collection pause stated |\n| Retail-merchandise periodic statement | No request; triggered by unpaid balance and late-charge method | Buyer | Each monthly or agreed regular period | Statutory account itemization | Late-charge availability depends on compliance |\n| UCC assignment proof | Account debtor’s request | Assignee | “Seasonably”; no fixed number in §406 | Reasonable proof of assignment | Until compliance, payment to assignor may discharge |\n| UCC accounting | Signed record reasonably identifying transaction | Covered secured party | 14 days after receipt | Signed accounting | No general collection pause stated |\n| UCC statement/collateral-list request | Signed record | Covered secured party | 14 days after receipt | Signed approval or correction | No general collection pause |\n| UCC former-party request | Signed record | Former secured party | 14 days after receipt | Disclaimer and known successor name/address | No general collection pause |\n| UCC release after no remaining secured obligation | Signed demand | Covered secured party | 10 days after receipt | Signed release to notified account debtor | Ends obligation to former secured party; statutory exclusions apply |\n| Federal initial validation | Initial communication or follow-up | Covered debt collector | Initial communication or within five days | Statutory and Reg F validation information | No automatic pause unless timely written trigger |\n| Federal oral dispute | Oral communication before validation end | Covered debt collector | On or before validation end date for notice protection | Collector cannot state dispute had to be written for §1692g(a)(3) | Does not by itself invoke §1692g(b) pause |\n| Federal written dispute | Mail, form, accepted electronic medium, in person, or courier | Covered debt collector | Within validation period | Verification or judgment copy | Collection of disputed debt/portion pauses |\n| Federal original-creditor request | Same written methods | Covered debt collector | Within validation period | Original creditor name/address, or same-creditor notice | Collection pauses until response |\n| Later federal dispute | Any method | Covered collector | After validation period | No §1692g(b) mandatory response established | No automatic §1692g(b) pause |\n| Duplicative timely written dispute | Written | Covered collector | Within validation period | Reverify or duplicative-dispute notice | Existing pause ends through compliant response route |\n| Electronic five-day notice | Electronic record with E-SIGN compliance | Consumer | Within five days after initial communication | Retainable notice reasonably expected to provide actual notice | Validation period based on receipt/assumed receipt |\n| Federal transfer to successor collector | Successor’s first communication | Successor collector | Its own initial-communication sequence | New validation information | New collector has its own dispute window |\n\n# D. Records and evidence matrix\n\n| Record or evidence | Legally required to exist or be retained? | Legally required to be furnished prelitigation? | Boundary |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| MCLA payment ledger | Yes, under state statute/rule | Receipt fields furnished; full ledger not universally required to consumer | Department examination duty differs from consumer access |\n| MCLA original source documents supporting notes receivable | Required for Department review | No general consumer production right identified | Not automatic validation packet |\n| MCLA payment receipt | Yes | Yes, under the statute/rule’s payment trigger | Receipt is not ownership proof |\n| Retail installment signed contract copy | Required at execution | Exact copy due to buyer at formation | No universal later must-produce-original rule |\n| Retail installment payment history and unpaid total | Holder must be able to provide | Yes, on buyer’s written request | No response deadline or pause stated |\n| Retail merchandise periodic statement | Required if seller uses §501 late charge | Yes, periodically | Narrow merchandise-account branch |\n| UCC accounting | Must be produced after qualifying request | Yes, within 14 days | Excludes buyer of accounts/chattel paper/payment intangibles/notes |\n| UCC reasonable proof of assignment | Assignee must produce after qualifying request | Yes, seasonably | Scope is “reasonable proof,” not necessarily every transfer document |\n| Original creditor identity | Federal covered collector must disclose/request-response as specified | Yes under federal process | Original creditor can equal current creditor |\n| Current creditor identity | Required in federal validation information | Yes | Trade/DBA name may be used where permitted |\n| Itemization-date balance | Required under Reg F | Yes | Includes charges already present on reference date |\n| Interest, fees, payments, credits since itemization date | Required under Reg F | Yes | Blank fields impermissible; zeros allowed |\n| Original signed contract | Often prudent; may be needed to prove claim | No universal federal verification requirement identified | Litigation proof reserved |\n| Complete chain of title | Often prudent for purchased debt | Not universally required by §1692g or §30-9A-406 | “Reasonable proof” and litigation proof are context-specific |\n| Collector authority agreement | Prudent and potentially relevant | No general consumer-production right identified | Regulatory/litigation discovery later |\n| Prior dispute and response records | Regulation F retention may require evidence | Consumer gets required response, not entire compliance archive | Internal records are not automatically discoverable prelitigation |\n| Collection call recordings | Only if calls are recorded; then three years | No automatic consumer-access right in Reg F | Subpoena/discovery/privacy issues later |\n| Transfer history and prior collector notices | Retention may apply; prudent for successor | Successor owes its own notice | No universal duty to furnish entire transfer file |\n| Proof charge was contractually or legally authorized | Necessary to substantiate amount | Reg F itemizes charges but does not itself prove authorization | Contract/statute analysis remains |\n| Credit-report furnishing records | Later FCRA/Reg V pass | Not resolved here | Explicitly excluded |\n\n# E. Controlling and materially relevant decisions\n\n## 1. *First Fidelity Bank v. Matthews* — assignment notice\n\nThe Montana Supreme Court considered an assignment of payments held through an escrow arrangement. It upheld the finding that the account debtor lacked effective notice where the limited-purpose escrow agent’s knowledge was not imputed beyond the scope of its agency. The decision illustrates the predecessor rule that assignment notice and payment direction matter to discharge by payment; it is not a holding that an unproved assignment automatically extinguishes the debt. [Justia Law](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html)\n\n## 2. *Hutzenbiler v. RJC Investment* — accounting and nonwaiver\n\nThe Montana Supreme Court reversed summary judgment in a mobile-home secured transaction. It held that a release did not simply eliminate applicable Article 9 accounting and surplus protections, cited the 14-day §30-9A-210 accounting requirement, and remanded without deciding all disputed default and merits questions. [Justia Law+1](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html)\n\n## 3. *Camacho v. Bridgeport Financial* — oral dispute\n\nThe Ninth Circuit held that §1692g(a)(3) does not require an initial validity dispute to be in writing. A notice stating that the consumer could dispute only in writing plausibly misstated the consumer’s rights. The decision does not eliminate the separate written predicate for §1692g(b)’s pause and verification rights. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/)\n\n## 4. *Clark v. Capital Credit & Collection Services* — verification baseline\n\nThe Ninth Circuit adopted a minimum verification standard under which the collector confirms in writing that the amount demanded is what the creditor claims. In that record, an itemized statement and creditor confirmation were sufficient, and the collector had no universal duty to independently investigate the creditor’s underlying claim. The court separately preserved false-amount and misleading-representation analysis. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/)\n\n## 5. *Mahon v. Credit Bureau of Placer County* — sending\n\nThe Ninth Circuit held that the statutory §1692g(a) notice requirement required sending and did not require proof of actual receipt. Current Regulation F adds the actual-notice-expectation and receipt/assumed-receipt rules described above, so *Mahon* must be applied with the current regulation rather than as a complete modern delivery rule. [Justia Law+3](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/)\n\n## 6. *Hernandez v. Williams, Zinman & Parham* — successor collectors\n\nThe Ninth Circuit held that §1692g’s validation requirement applies to each debt collector attempting collection, not only the first collector ever assigned the account. The case reversed summary judgment and remanded. [Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals+3](https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf)\n\n## 7. *Mashiri v. Epsten Grinnell & Howell* — overshadowing\n\nThe Ninth Circuit reversed a Rule 12(b)(6) dismissal. A notice demanding payment within 35 days of the letter date could leave fewer than 30 days after receipt and plausibly overshadow the dispute right. A statement that a lien “will” be recorded also plausibly conveyed that a timely dispute would not pause collection. The court resolved pleading sufficiency, not final merits or damages. [Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals+3](https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf)\n\n# F. Bounded worked examples\n\nAll monetary amounts are U.S. dollars. These examples demonstrate document and workflow mechanics only. They do not establish debt validity, charge authorization, ownership, federal coverage, or an actual deadline for an identified consumer.\n\n## Example 1 — Montana Consumer Loan Act payment receipt\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Covered Consumer Loan Act licensee.\n- Borrower pays $125.\n- $25 is applied to a past-due amount.\n- Remaining balance after the payment is $875.\n- No refund is due.\n\nRequired receipt fields under the current rule include:\n\n- Borrower name.\n- Account number.\n- Payment amount: **$125.00**.\n- Payment date.\n- Past-due amount collected: **$25.00**.\n- Balance remaining: **$875.00**.\n- Refund: **$0.00**.\n\nThis receipt does not establish that every historical charge is lawful or that the licensee owns the account. It also does not trigger or substitute for a federal validation notice.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C003–C005.\n\n## Example 2 — Retail installment statement request\n\n**Facts**\n\nA buyer sends the holder a written request. The holder’s records show:\n\n- Payment 1: $100.\n- Payment 2: $150.\n- Payment 3: $200.\n- Total unpaid: $750.\n\nTotal payments reflected:\n\n$100+$150+$200=$450\\$100+\\$150+\\$200=\\$450$100+$150+$200=$450The Montana statement must show the dates and amounts of those payments and the $750 total unpaid. The statute does not prescribe a fixed response deadline or automatic collection pause.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C008–C010.\n\n## Example 3 — Assignment-proof request\n\n**Facts**\n\n- Consumer receives a signed notice instructing payment to Assignee B.\n- Consumer requests reasonable proof of assignment.\n- Assignee B has not yet furnished it.\n\n**Montana UCC consequence**\n\nUntil B seasonably furnishes reasonable proof, the account debtor may discharge the obligation by paying Assignor A.\n\nThis does **not** mean:\n\n- The debt is canceled.\n- B permanently loses the claim.\n- The consumer may safely pay no one.\n- B must necessarily produce every purchase agreement and intermediate transfer.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C013–C016.\n\n## Example 4 — UCC accounting request\n\n**Assumptions**\n\n- Requesting person is a statutory “debtor.”\n- Recipient is a covered secured party, not an excluded buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or notes.\n- Signed request reasonably identifies the transaction.\n- No request has been made in the preceding six months.\n\n**Sequence**\n\n- Day 0: secured party receives request.\n- Response deadline: 14 days after receipt.\n- Charge: $0 for the first response in the six-month period.\n\nA second request during the same six-month period may carry a charge no greater than $25.\n\nThe request does not itself pause collection, and the 14-day deadline is not imported into federal §1692g verification.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C017–C020.\n\n## Example 5 — Regulation F itemization\n\n**Hypothetical itemization**\n\nAmount on itemization date:\n\n$1,000.00\\$1,000.00$1,000.00Post-itemization changes:\n\n- Interest: +$25.00\n- Fees: +$10.00\n- Payments: −$100.00\n- Credits: −$15.00\n\nCurrent amount:\n\n$1,000+$25+$10−$100−$15=$920\\$1,000+\\$25+\\$10-\\$100-\\$15=\\$920$1,000+$25+$10−$100−$15=$920The notice should display each category, including zero-value categories when applicable, and the current amount of $920.\n\nThe calculation proves only arithmetic consistency. It does not prove:\n\n- Interest authorization.\n- Fee authorization.\n- Ownership.\n- Contract execution.\n- Consumer liability.\n- Correct application of payments.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C026–C029.\n\n## Example 6 — Relative federal validation timeline\n\nUse relative days because no actual mailing date, holiday calendar, or delivery evidence is supplied.\n\n- **Provision Day P:** collector provides validation information.\n- **Assumed receipt:** a date at least five days after P, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and federal legal holidays.\n- **Validation end:** 30 days after actual or assumed receipt, using the date the collector properly placed in the notice.\n\nIf the notice is returned undeliverable and a replacement notice is sent, the replacement must use a recalculated end date.\n\nThis does not determine an individual deadline without the actual notice, provision method, dates, address history, and returned-mail facts.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C030–C032.\n\n## Example 7 — Oral versus written dispute\n\n### Branch A: oral dispute within validation period\n\nThe consumer calls and says, “I dispute this debt.”\n\n- Collector may not correctly say that validity could be disputed only in writing.\n- The dispute rebuts the notice’s assumption-of-validity branch.\n- The call alone does **not** invoke §1692g(b)’s mandatory collection pause.\n\n### Branch B: timely written dispute\n\nThe consumer mails, hand-delivers, couriers, or uses an accepted electronic channel for the written dispute.\n\n- Collection of the debt or disputed portion must stop.\n- Collection may resume after compliant verification or judgment copy is sent.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C033–C036.\n\n## Example 8 — Original-creditor request\n\n**Facts**\n\nThe consumer timely writes: “Please provide the original creditor’s name and address.”\n\n### Different original and current creditors\n\nCollection pauses until the collector sends the original creditor’s name and address.\n\n### Same original and current creditor\n\nThe collector may reasonably determine they are the same, send that fact to the consumer, and refer to the prior validation information.\n\nThe request is not a demand for the entire assignment chain or original contract.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C037–C038.\n\n## Example 9 — Successor collector\n\n**Sequence**\n\n1. Collector A sends a validation notice.\n2. Consumer timely disputes in writing.\n3. A stops collection rather than verifying and returns or transfers the account.\n4. Collector B later sends its first collection communication.\n\nUnder *Hernandez*, B must provide its own validation information. B may select a different permitted Regulation F itemization date, but its own itemization must be internally consistent.\n\nNo conclusion is made that A’s private dispute file automatically transferred or that B may knowingly disregard it.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C039–C041.\n\n## Example 10 — Electronic validation notice\n\n### Supported branch\n\n- Consumer previously gave compliant E-SIGN consent.\n- Collector uses the agreed electronic channel.\n- Subject line and content are reasonably expected to provide actual notice.\n- Record can be downloaded, printed, or stored.\n- Notice explains an accepted electronic dispute channel.\n\n### Unsupported branch\n\n- No compliant consumer consent.\n- Collector sends only a disappearing link.\n- The portal prevents saving or printing.\n- Email bounces or is sent to a known invalid address.\n\nThe unsupported branch does not establish compliant electronic delivery merely because the collector’s database shows “sent.”\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C042–C044.\n\n## Example 11 — Late request\n\n**Facts**\n\nThe validation period has ended. Consumer then requests validation.\n\n**Result**\n\n- Failure to dispute earlier is not an admission of liability.\n- The late request does not trigger §1692g(b)’s automatic cease-collection rule.\n- Collector may respond voluntarily.\n- State account-statement, UCC, contract, or later litigation rights may still exist independently.\n\nClaims: S_MT-P09-C035, C045.\n\n# G. PASS-09 source register\n\n| Source ID | Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint | Version/status/access and limits |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **S_MT-P09-S001** | **Montana Consumer Loan Act—receipts and records**, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html, §32-5-304; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0070/0320-0050-0030-0070.html, §32-5-307. | **Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026 Pacific/UTC.** MCA 2025, operative published text with Internet-code disclaimer. No PDF page/index. No complete post-2025 legislative audit. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S002** | **ARM 2.59.305 and 2.59.306**, Montana Department of Administration/SOS. Official current routes: https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15; https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/011391ed4de5837690dc11e054f3e398a779b5b5407d1b396e1d01941b449dd9. Secondary current text: https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.305; https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.306. | **Fresh official search rendering and secondary full-text read October 26, 2026.** Official direct bodies returned HTTP 405. Search rendering displayed current text; secondary compilation matches. Qualified current-body access. [Montana Administrative Rules+3](https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15?utm_source=chatgpt.com) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S003** | **Montana Administrative Register 2014, Issue 5—ARM 2.59.305/.306 adoption**, Montana SOS. https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625, printed p.498, zero-based PDF index 68. | **Fresh bounded official PDF read and screenshot October 26, 2026.** Adoption notice says rules were amended exactly as proposed; published March 13, 2014. This authenticates adoption history, not every later current-rule question. [Montana SOS+1](https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S004** | **ARM 2.59.319—closure of consumer-loan business**, Montana SOS. Official current text route: https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858; status page https://rules.mt.gov/browse/collections/aec52c46-128e-4279-9068-8af5d5432d74/policies/dbc2dcd8-2093-4c32-8ea7-619dd959d81e; secondary text https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.319. | **Fresh official search-rendered status/text and secondary full-text read October 26, 2026.** Official page labels rule effective; direct body inaccessible. History reports effective December 25, 2015. Used only for closure. [Montana Administrative Rules+2](https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858?utm_source=chatgpt.com) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S005** | **Montana Retail Installment Sales Act**, Montana Legislature. Definitions: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html, §31-1-202; contract requirements: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0310/0310-0010-0020-0310.html, §31-1-231; statement right: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0360/0310-0010-0020-0360.html, §31-1-236. | **Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026.** MCA 2025; no PDF. No post-2025 audit. [Montana Code Annotated+2](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S006** | **Retail merchandise late-payment accounts**, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html, §31-1-501; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0020/0310-0010-0050-0020.html, §31-1-502. | **Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026.** Narrow retail-merchandise scope; not services, health care, utilities, real estate, or Part 2 contracts. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S007** | **Montana UCC Article 9**, Montana Legislature. Definitions: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html, §30-9A-102; release: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0090/0300-009A-0020-0090.html, §209; accounting: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html, §210; assignment proof: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html, §406. | **Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026.** Current 2025 published text; histories identify 2025 Ch. 200 amendments. Exact chapter-wide operative-date analysis not separately performed. [Montana Code Annotated+3](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S008** | **Montana UETA**, Montana Legislature. Agreement to transact electronically: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html, §30-18-104; writing/presentation: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0070/0300-0180-0010-0070.html, §30-18-107. | **Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026.** Used only for state electronic-form boundary. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S009** | **Montana Consumer Protection Act general prohibition**, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html, §30-14-103; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0140-0010-0040.html, §30-14-104. | **Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026.** General deception boundary only; no full remedies pass. [Montana Code Annotated+1](https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S010** | ***First Fidelity Bank v. Matthews*, 208 Mont. 450 (1984)**. https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html, assignment-notice discussion in reproduced opinion. | **Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026.** Secondary host of Montana Supreme Court opinion; applies predecessor UCC provision. No complete subsequent-history citator. [Justia Law](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S011** | ***Hutzenbiler v. RJC Investment, Inc.*, 2019 MT 80**. https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html, ¶¶9–23, especially ¶¶11–14. | **Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026.** Secondary host of primary opinion; reversed summary judgment and remanded. [Justia Law+1](https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S012** | **FDCPA definitions, validation, and state-law preservation**, U.S. House OLRC. https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/, §1692a; https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/, §1692g; state-law preservation as codified at 15 U.S.C. §1692n and implemented in 12 CFR 1006.104. | **Fresh official HTML read October 26, 2026.** U.S. Code text through Public Law 119-124, October 15, 2026. The direct §1692n OLRC route failed, so current preservation text was verified through current Regulation F §1006.104. [U.S. Code+2](https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S013** | **Regulation F §1006.34 and official interpretations**, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34/. | **Fresh direct official eCFR and CFPB interpretation read October 26, 2026.** eCFR displayed Title 12 through October 22, 2026 and last amendment October 2, 2026. [eCFR+3](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S014** | **Regulation F §1006.38 and official interpretations**, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/38/. | **Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026.** Current dispute, original-creditor, pause, and duplicative-dispute provisions. [eCFR+4](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S015** | **Regulation F §1006.42 and E-SIGN**, CFPB/eCFR and U.S. House OLRC. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/42/; https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s7001/, 15 U.S.C. §7001. | **Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026.** Electronic delivery and consent only; no universal electronic-transaction approval. [eCFR+2](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S016** | **Regulation F records and state-law relation**, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/100/; https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.104. | **Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026.** Record retention does not itself create a consumer production right. [eCFR+3](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S017** | **CFPB Model Form B-1**, CFPB. Appendix route https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/; PDF https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_debt-collection_model-validation-notice_english.pdf. Model notice at printed p.3, zero-based PDF index 2; cover at printed p.1/index 0. | **Fresh official PDF read and screenshots October 26, 2026.** Three-page October 2021 English packet. Safe harbor is limited to the rule’s information/form and specified overshadowing provisions. [Consumer Financial Protection Bureau+2](https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S018** | ***Hernandez v. Williams, Zinman & Parham PC*, 829 F.3d 1068 (9th Cir. 2016)**. Official PDF https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf, printed pp.13–24, zero-based PDF indices 12–23. | **Fresh complete official Ninth Circuit PDF read and relevant pages screenshot October 26, 2026.** Reversed summary judgment and remanded. [Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals+3](https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S019** | ***Mashiri v. Epsten Grinnell & Howell*, 845 F.3d 984 (9th Cir. 2017)**. Official PDF https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf, printed pp.15–17, zero-based PDF indices 14–16. | **Fresh complete official Ninth Circuit PDF read and relevant pages screenshot October 26, 2026.** Rule 12(b)(6) reversal; plausible overshadowing, not final liability judgment. [Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals+3](https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S020** | ***Camacho v. Bridgeport Financial, Inc.*, 430 F.3d 1078 (9th Cir. 2005)**. https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/, operative discussion reproduced at lines corresponding to pp.1079–82. | **Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026.** Secondary host of Ninth Circuit opinion; affirmed interlocutory denial of dismissal. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S021** | ***Clark v. Capital Credit & Collection Services, Inc.*, 460 F.3d 1162 (9th Cir. 2006)**. https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/, verification discussion around pp.1173–74. | **Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026.** Secondary host; minimum verification standard, not universal immunity from false-information claims. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S022** | ***Mahon v. Credit Bureau of Placer County, Inc.*, 171 F.3d 1197 (9th Cir. 1999)**. https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/, sending discussion around pp.1201–03. | **Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026.** Secondary host. Applied with current Regulation F rather than as complete current delivery law. [Justia Law+2](https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/) |\n| **S_MT-P09-S023** | **Targeted official-source search log**, Montana Legislature, Montana SOS rules, Montana courts, Ninth Circuit, CFPB, and U.S. Code searches for “validation,” “verification,” “dispute,” “statement of account,” “proof of assignment,” “original creditor,” and exact relevant statutory citations. | **Fresh bounded searches October 26, 2026.** No universal Montana validation/pause statute or exact Montana appellate construction of a general collector validation duty was located. This is research provenance, not proof of absolute absence. |\n\n# H. PASS-09 claim register\n\n| Claim ID | Precise claim | Source and pinpoint | Conditions, consequence, and confidence |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **S_MT-P09-C001** | No universal Montana initial debt-validation notice applicable to all creditors and collectors was verified. | S001–S011, S023 | **High-confidence bounded conclusion;** specialized, local, tribal, contract, and future law held. |\n| **S_MT-P09-C002** | Montana instead supplies account-specific receipt, statement, assignment-proof, and secured-accounting rights. | S001–S008 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C003** | MCLA licensee must give a plain dated receipt for cash payments and keep amount/date payment records. | S001 §32-5-304(1)–(2) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C004** | ARM 2.59.305 requires a receipt for each payment with borrower, account, payment, past-due, remaining-balance, and refund fields. | S002; S003 | **High-confidence qualified currentness;** official body inaccessible. |\n| **S_MT-P09-C005** | MCLA payment/refund/collection entries must be separately recorded and electronically reproducible in hard copy. | S002 ARM 2.59.305(3) | **High-confidence qualified currentness.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C006** | MCLA records must be preserved at least two years after the final entry on the loan. | S001 §32-5-307 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C007** | Regulatory source documents and receivable totals do not create a general consumer right to the entire file. | S001 §307; S002 ARM 2.59.306 | **High bounded conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C008** | MCLA closure notice must itemize balance and identify succession and successor information at least 60 days before closure. | S004 ARM 2.59.319 | **Qualified currentness; closure only.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C009** | Retail installment buyer is entitled to an exact signed contract copy at formation. | S005 §31-1-231 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C010** | Retail installment holder must, on written request, provide payment dates/amounts and total unpaid. | S005 §31-1-236(1) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C011** | §31-1-236 supplies no fixed response deadline or collection pause. | S005 §31-1-236 | **High bounded negative.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C012** | Montana retail-merchandise late-charge accounts require periodic itemized statements when the narrow statutory branch applies. | S006 §§31-1-501, 502 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C013** | Effective assignment notice under §30-9A-406 changes whom the account debtor may pay to discharge the obligation. | S007 §406(1)–(2) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C014** | Assignee must seasonably furnish reasonable proof of assignment on account-debtor request. | S007 §406(3) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C015** | Until assignment proof is furnished, account debtor may discharge by paying assignor; debt is not textually extinguished. | S007 §406(3) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C016** | §406 does not universally require original contract or full assignment chain. | S007 §406; S010 | **High bounded conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C017** | Covered secured party must answer a qualifying signed §30-9A-210 request within 14 days. | S007 §210(1)–(5) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C018** | §210 accounting must state aggregate unpaid secured obligations and identify components in reasonable detail. | S007 §§102(1)(d), 210 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C019** | Buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes is excluded from §210 response duty. | S007 §210(2) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C020** | One §210 response per six months is free; additional responses may cost no more than $25. | S007 §210(6) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C021** | Former secured party must disclaim and identify a known successor within 14 days after qualifying request. | S007 §210(4)–(5) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C022** | §30-9A-209 gives a 10-day release duty only under its no-obligation/no-commitment predicates and excludes sales of listed receivables. | S007 §209 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C023** | *Hutzenbiler* held a release did not eliminate applicable Article 9 accounting/surplus rights. | S011 ¶¶9–23 | **High for holding; case remanded.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C024** | Montana UETA requires agreement to transact electronically and retainability; email is not automatically sufficient. | S008 §§104, 107 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C025** | Montana MCPA prohibits unfair/deceptive conduct but does not itself prescribe one validation document set. | S009 §§103–104 | **High boundary.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C026** | FDCPA validation applies only to covered debt collectors and personal/family/household debt. | S012 §§1692a, 1692g | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C027** | Covered collector must provide validation information initially or within five days unless debt already paid. | S012 §1692g(a); S013 §1006.34(a) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C028** | Reg F validation includes collector, consumer, creditor, account, itemization-date, balance, interest, fees, payments, credits, and current amount. | S013 §1006.34(c) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C029** | Itemization arithmetic does not establish authorization, title, or liability. | S013; S021 | **High legal boundary.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C030** | Validation period ends 30 days after actual or assumed receipt. | S013 §1006.34(b)(5) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C031** | Collector may assume receipt at least five days after provision, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and federal holidays. | S013 §1006.34(b)(5) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C032** | Returned-undeliverable replacement notice requires recalculated validation end date. | S013 official comment 34(b)(5)-2 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C033** | Oral dispute is valid for §1692g(a)(3)’s assumption-of-validity branch in the Ninth Circuit. | S020 | **High controlling circuit holding.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C034** | Timely written dispute is required for §1692g(b) collection pause and verification. | S012 §1692g(b); S014 §1006.38(d) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C035** | Failure to dispute is not a legal admission. | S012 §1692g(c); S014 §1006.38(d)(1) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C036** | Later dispute does not trigger §1692g(b)’s automatic pause. | S012–S014 | **High bounded conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C037** | Timely written original-creditor request pauses collection until compliant response. | S012 §1692g(a)(5), (b); S014 §1006.38(c) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C038** | When current and original creditor are same, collector may notify that fact and refer to prior validation information. | S014 §1006.38(c)(2) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C039** | Federal verification minimum does not universally require original signed contract or independent investigation. | S021 | **High controlling Ninth Circuit baseline.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C040** | Separate false-amount or misleading-information liability can remain despite minimally sufficient verification. | S021 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C041** | Each successor covered collector owes its own validation notice. | S018 | **High controlling Ninth Circuit holding.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C042** | Reg F allows a successor collector to choose a different permitted itemization date but requires internal consistency. | S013 official comment 34(b)(3) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C043** | Proper federal electronic disclosure requires actual-notice expectation, retainability, and E-SIGN compliance for specified notices/responses. | S015 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C044** | Regulation F written disputes can use mail, response form, accepted electronic medium, in-person delivery, or courier. | S014 official comment 38-1 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C045** | Duplicative dispute treatment requires an earlier answered timely written dispute and no new/material information. | S014 §1006.38(a), (d) | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C046** | Reg F requires relevant compliance records through three years after last collection activity; call recordings three years after call. | S016 §1006.100 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C047** | Regulation F retention does not itself create consumer access to every retained record. | S016 | **High bounded conclusion.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C048** | Model Form B-1 is a limited safe harbor, not mandatory and not proof of debt validity. | S013 §1006.34(d)(2); S014 §1006.38(b)(2); S017 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C049** | Collection communications during validation period may not overshadow or contradict dispute rights. | S012 §1692g(b); S014 §1006.38(b); S019 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C050** | *Mahon*’s statutory sending rule must be reconciled with current Regulation F delivery requirements. | S022; S015 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C051** | Federal law preserves consistent and more protective state law. | S012/S016 §1006.104 | **High.** |\n| **S_MT-P09-C052** | No actual account, assignment, contract, notice, delivery evidence, or collector coverage was established in this pass. | All | **High provenance limit.** |\n\n# I. Component coverage and gap table\n\n| Assigned question | Status | Claim IDs | Exact remaining evidence or next action |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Universal Montana initial validation notice | Bounded answered: none verified | C001–C002 | Monitor later enactments and specialized sector rules. |\n| Universal Montana dispute pause | Bounded answered: none verified | C001, C011, C025 | Apply federal and account-specific state law separately. |\n| Original-creditor Montana account information | Partial by account type | C003–C012 | Classify loan, installment contract, merchandise account, mortgage, utility, medical, or other debt. |\n| MCLA payment receipt | Answered | C003–C005 | Inspect actual receipt and payment method. |\n| MCLA payment ledger | Answered as existence duty | C003–C007 | Actual consumer-access right beyond receipts unresolved. |\n| MCLA record retention | Answered | C006–C007 | Complete current rule body and entity files not reviewed. |\n| MCLA statement on dispute | No general process found | C001–C007 | Contract, MCPA, and federal analysis if collector covered. |\n| MCLA closure balance/itemization | Qualified answered | C008 | Apply only to actual business closure. |\n| MCLA ordinary transfer notice | Unresolved/not established | C008 | Search actual contract, license condition, and later rules. |\n| Retail installment contract copy | Answered at execution | C009 | Later production right beyond §236 unresolved. |\n| Retail installment statement on request | Answered | C010–C011 | Actual holder, written request, and account type. |\n| Retail statement response deadline | Unresolved/no deadline in text | C011 | Contract or other law may supply timing. |\n| Retail statement collection pause | No pause established | C011 | Federal coverage separately. |\n| Retail-merchandise periodic statement | Answered narrowly | C012 | Confirm merchandise and late-charge predicates. |\n| Medical account state statement duty | Unresolved in this pass | — | Sector-specific later pass. |\n| Utility account state statement duty | Unresolved in this pass | — | PSC and utility-sector later pass. |\n| Mortgage periodic statements | Excluded except Reg F crossover | — | Mortgage/Reg Z servicing pass. |\n| UCC assignment notice | Answered | C013 | Apply actual account/chattel paper/payment-intangible facts. |\n| UCC reasonable proof of assignment | Answered | C014–C016 | Determine what proof is reasonable on actual transaction. |\n| UCC proof response deadline | “Seasonably,” exact date unresolved | C014 | Actual facts and UCC timeliness authority. |\n| UCC consequence of no proof | Answered | C015 | Payment-to-assignor option; no debt extinguishment. |\n| Complete assignment chain | No universal prelitigation right established | C016, C039 | Litigation proof later. |\n| UCC accounting | Answered | C017–C018 | Apply statutory debtor/secured-party roles. |\n| UCC buyer-of-accounts exclusion | Answered | C019 | Other duties may still apply. |\n| UCC accounting charge | Answered | C020 | Track six-month request history. |\n| UCC former-party successor information | Answered | C021 | Actual knowledge and prior interest required. |\n| UCC no-obligation release | Answered narrowly | C022 | Sale exclusion and actual secured obligations. |\n| Montana electronic state requests | Partial | C024 | Verify mutual electronic agreement and retainability. |\n| Montana general deception law | Answered as boundary | C025 | Actual statement, materiality, causation, and remedies later. |\n| FDCPA debt coverage | Answered at gateway level | C026 | Actual personal/business purpose. |\n| FDCPA collector coverage | Answered at gateway level | C026 | Original-creditor, buyer, servicer, attorney, affiliate facts. |\n| Initial federal validation timing | Answered | C027 | Actual initial communication and payment status. |\n| Validation content | Answered | C027–C029 | Compare actual notice. |\n| Itemization date | Answered | C028–C029, C042 | Actual reference date and source records. |\n| Interest/fee authorization | Excluded/unresolved | C029 | Contract and state substantive law. |\n| Validation-period calculation | Answered in rule | C030–C032 | Actual provision/receipt dates and holidays required. |\n| Returned mail | Answered in rule | C032 | Actual undeliverable and resend facts. |\n| Oral dispute | Answered | C033 | Collector coverage and communication evidence. |\n| Written dispute | Answered | C034 | Timeliness and delivery evidence. |\n| Electronic written dispute | Answered conditionally | C043–C044 | Confirm accepted electronic medium. |\n| Original-creditor request | Answered | C037–C038 | Timeliness and same/different creditor facts. |\n| Late dispute | Answered as no §1692g(b) pause | C035–C036 | Other law may still apply. |\n| Verification standard | Answered at federal baseline | C039–C040 | Actual dispute specificity and false-information issues. |\n| Original signed contract | No universal federal requirement | C039 | Litigation, contract, or sector law later. |\n| Independent investigation | No universal §1692g duty | C039–C040 | Known inaccuracies and separate duties remain. |\n| Successor collector notice | Answered | C041–C042 | Actual collector status and initial communication. |\n| Transfer of prior dispute data | Unresolved generally | C041–C042, C046 | Contract, furnishing, and successor knowledge later. |\n| Duplicative disputes | Answered | C045 | Compare prior response and new material. |\n| Electronic validation delivery | Answered conditionally | C043–C044 | E-SIGN consent and actual-notice facts. |\n| Paper notice actual receipt | Partial | C030–C032, C050 | Sending, expected notice, returned mail, and assumed receipt. |\n| Model Form B-1 | Answered as limited safe harbor | C048 | Actual modifications and optional fields. |\n| Record retention | Answered federally and for MCLA | C006–C007, C046–C047 | Actual files and longer contractual retention held. |\n| Consumer access to retained Reg F records | No universal access right established | C047 | Litigation discovery or other law later. |\n| Overshadowing | Answered at federal rule/case level | C049 | Actual full communication and timeline. |\n| Credit reporting after dispute | Excluded | — | FCRA/Reg V/furnishing pass. |\n| Identity-theft blocking | Excluded | — | FCRA identity-theft pass. |\n| Lawsuit pleading proof | Excluded | — | Collection-litigation/evidence pass. |\n| Business-record admissibility | Excluded | — | Litigation/evidence pass. |\n| Default judgment proof | Excluded | — | Litigation/default pass. |\n| Debt limitations and revival | Excluded | — | Dedicated limitations pass. |\n| Garnishment and execution | Excluded | — | Creditor-remedies pass. |\n| Full damages/private remedies | Excluded | — | Separate remedies pass. |\n| Local and tribal documentation rules | Excluded | — | Jurisdiction-specific passes. |\n| Actual provider/account compliance | Unresolved | C052 | Entity- and account-specific evidence required. |\n| Comprehensive post-2025 Montana currentness | Partial | All state claims | Later session, rulemaking, and judicial audit. |\n\n# J. Researcher self-check\n\n## Freshly and directly read on October 26, 2026\n\n- Official current published 2025 Montana Code provisions for:Consumer-loan receipts and records.Retail installment contract form and statement rights.Retail-merchandise periodic statements.UCC Article 9 definitions, accounting, assignment proof, and release.Montana UETA.Montana’s general unfair/deceptive-practices prohibition.\n- Official Montana administrative-rule search renderings for ARM 2.59.305, 2.59.306, and 2.59.319.\n- Matching current secondary full rule texts.\n- Official 2014 Montana Administrative Register adoption notice for ARM 2.59.305 and 2.59.306, including screenshot of printed p.498/PDF index 68.\n- Current official U.S. Code §1692a and §1692g.\n- Current eCFR §§1006.34, 1006.38, 1006.42, 1006.100, and 1006.104.\n- CFPB’s integrated official interpretations and Model Form B-1.\n- E-SIGN §7001 and the Montana electronic-record provisions.\n- Full publicly accessible opinions or opinion reproductions for:*First Fidelity*.*Hutzenbiler*.*Camacho*.*Clark*.*Mahon*.*Hernandez*.*Mashiri*.\n- Relevant pages of the PDF opinions and forms were visually inspected through screenshots where required.\n\n## Fresh but access-limited\n\n- Direct official ARM body URLs for 2.59.305, 2.59.306, and 2.59.319 returned HTTP 405. Official search rendering and adoption/status evidence were used with matching secondary text.\n- The direct U.S. Code §1692n route failed; the same state-law-preservation rule was verified in current Regulation F §1006.104.\n- Older Ninth Circuit opinions in *Camacho*, *Clark*, and *Mahon* were read from full public opinion reproductions rather than an official Ninth Circuit PDF archive.\n- *First Fidelity* and *Hutzenbiler* were read from full public Montana opinion reproductions; no paid subsequent-history citator was used.\n\n## Bounded negative searches\n\nTargeted official and judicial searches did not locate:\n\n- A universal Montana debt-validation notice statute.\n- A universal Montana dispute-and-pause law.\n- A Montana rule requiring every collector to produce an original signed contract.\n- A Montana rule requiring every debt buyer to furnish an entire assignment chain prelitigation.\n- A general Montana collector response deadline for every account dispute.\n- A controlling Montana appellate decision construing a universal collector-validation process.\n\nThese are bounded search results, not proof that no specialized, unpublished, district-court, local, tribal, contract, or later authority exists.\n\n## Not read or resolved\n\n- Any actual debt, contract, assignment, account ledger, payment receipt, validation notice, dispute, collector response, email-consent record, returned mail, or delivery log.\n- Any named creditor, collector, debt buyer, servicer, attorney, or provider record.\n- Complete post-2025 Montana session-law and future-effective-law review.\n- Complete current Montana ARM body and all amendment histories beyond the specific rules examined.\n- Full credit-reporting, furnishing, identity-theft, litigation-proof, evidentiary, limitations, revival, service, default, judgment, garnishment, bankruptcy, probate, local, tribal, or sector-specific analyses.\n- A complete federal FDCPA communications, liability, damages, or limitations dossier.\n- The unreviewed conclusions of PASS-07 or PASS-08 as accepted premises.\n\nExact individual fetch timestamps were not exposed and are not invented. No application, complaint, provider search, filing, contact, records request, purchase, account change, private-data access, browser control, local-file write, provider approval, operational approval, independent review, component acceptance, Montana acceptance, parent-dossier acceptance, A066 acceptance, or publication-readiness determination occurred.\n\n**REPORT PARTIAL — the focused Montana prelitigation validation, dispute, and consumer account-documentation component is completed to the stated source, actor, transaction, and currentness limits.**\n\nEND S_MT PASS-09\n\n","tables":[{"headers":["Actor or account model","Montana prelitigation information duty","Federal validation duty","Pause or payment consequence","Critical boundary"],"index":0,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Actor or account model","Montana prelitigation information duty","Federal validation duty","Pause or payment consequence","Critical boundary"],["Original Montana Consumer Loan Act lender/licensee","Payment receipts; payment ledger; two-year records; payoff documents; closure notice if business closes","Usually no §1692g duty merely as original creditor collecting in own name","No general Montana dispute pause identified","Federal other-name or other collector status remains fact-specific"],["MCLA servicer or assignee","Same chapter may govern transferred loan; actual licensing/classification separately held","Federal duty only if entity is a covered debt collector","Federal timely written dispute may pause covered collector","Original loan statute and acquisition/default facts needed"],["Original retail-installment seller","Exact signed contract copy at formation; written account statement on request; receipts/payoff release","Usually no federal validation duty in own-name collection","No statutory statement-request pause","Contract must actually be a Montana retail installment contract"],["Assignee/holder of retail-installment contract","Written payment-date/amount/unpaid-balance statement on buyer’s written request","Federal duty if assignee is a covered debt collector","No Montana pause stated; federal pause may apply separately","No state response deadline in §31-1-236"],["Retail merchandise seller imposing Montana late charge","Periodic statement with unpaid balance, debits, payments, charge and rate","Usually original-creditor federal exclusion","No dispute pause stated","Applies only to §31-1-501 merchandise account"],["Third-party FDCPA debt collector","No universal Montana validation notice verified","Full §1692g/Reg F validation branch","Timely written dispute or original-creditor request pauses collection","Debt must be personal/family/household and entity federally covered"],["Debt buyer collecting purchased account","State duties depend on account type and UCC role","Principal-purpose or other federal coverage may apply","Federal pause if covered and timely written trigger received","Ownership alone does not resolve federal or state duties"],["Passive debt owner using external collector","State owner duties depend on account and contract","External collector has its own §1692g duty if covered; owner status separate","Collector-specific pause","Internal dispute transfer depends on law and agreement"],["Successor debt collector","State account-specific duties remain","Must provide its own validation notice under Hernandez","Its own timely written dispute process applies","Prior collector’s notice does not eliminate successor duty"],["Attorney regularly collecting consumer debt","Montana account-specific and professional duties","Attorneys are not categorically excluded from FDCPA","Federal pause if attorney is covered collector","Litigation pleading itself is not §1692g initial communication"],["Secured party that did not buy the relevant account/note","UCC §30-9A-210 accounting/list/statement response","Federal status separately determined","14-day document response; no general collection pause","Request must be signed and reasonably identify transaction"],["Buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or notes","Excluded from §30-9A-210 response duty","May still be FDCPA collector","No §30-9A-210 pause or response right","Other state/federal duties may remain"],["Assignee receiving payment-direction notice","Reasonable assignment proof on request under §30-9A-406","Federal validation separately determined","Until proof is furnished, payment to assignor can discharge obligation","Not debt extinguishment or complete chain-of-title production"],["Commercial account collector","UCC and contract rights may apply","FDCPA validation generally does not","State UCC consequences only if predicates met","Natural-person guarantor does not automatically convert purpose"],["Deceased consumer’s estate representative","State probate/account rules later","Reg F treats authorized estate representative as consumer for §1006.38 in stated circumstances","Federal pause possible on timely written request","Authority to act for estate must exist"]]},{"headers":["Event or request","Required form","Recipient","Deadline or period","Required response","Collection/paying consequence"],"index":1,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Event or request","Required form","Recipient","Deadline or period","Required response","Collection/paying consequence"],["MCLA cash payment","Payment by borrower","Licensee","Receipt at time of payment","Plain, dated, complete receipt","None beyond account accuracy"],["Any MCLA payment under ARM 2.59.305","No special consumer request","Licensee","Receipt given or mailed","Required itemized receipt","No dispute pause"],["MCLA record retention","Regulatory duty","Licensee","Two years after final entry","Maintain required records","No consumer production right by itself"],["MCLA business closure","Licensee-generated notice","Active borrower","At least 60 days before closure","Itemized balance and succession information","Closure date no sooner than 60 days after mailing"],["Retail installment account statement","Buyer’s written request","Holder","No statutory response period stated","Dates/amounts of payments and total unpaid","No state collection pause stated"],["Retail-merchandise periodic statement","No request; triggered by unpaid balance and late-charge method","Buyer","Each monthly or agreed regular period","Statutory account itemization","Late-charge availability depends on compliance"],["UCC assignment proof","Account debtor’s request","Assignee","“Seasonably”; no fixed number in §406","Reasonable proof of assignment","Until compliance, payment to assignor may discharge"],["UCC accounting","Signed record reasonably identifying transaction","Covered secured party","14 days after receipt","Signed accounting","No general collection pause stated"],["UCC statement/collateral-list request","Signed record","Covered secured party","14 days after receipt","Signed approval or correction","No general collection pause"],["UCC former-party request","Signed record","Former secured party","14 days after receipt","Disclaimer and known successor name/address","No general collection pause"],["UCC release after no remaining secured obligation","Signed demand","Covered secured party","10 days after receipt","Signed release to notified account debtor","Ends obligation to former secured party; statutory exclusions apply"],["Federal initial validation","Initial communication or follow-up","Covered debt collector","Initial communication or within five days","Statutory and Reg F validation information","No automatic pause unless timely written trigger"],["Federal oral dispute","Oral communication before validation end","Covered debt collector","On or before validation end date for notice protection","Collector cannot state dispute had to be written for §1692g(a)(3)","Does not by itself invoke §1692g(b) pause"],["Federal written dispute","Mail, form, accepted electronic medium, in person, or courier","Covered debt collector","Within validation period","Verification or judgment copy","Collection of disputed debt/portion pauses"],["Federal original-creditor request","Same written methods","Covered debt collector","Within validation period","Original creditor name/address, or same-creditor notice","Collection pauses until response"],["Later federal dispute","Any method","Covered collector","After validation period","No §1692g(b) mandatory response established","No automatic §1692g(b) pause"],["Duplicative timely written dispute","Written","Covered collector","Within validation period","Reverify or duplicative-dispute notice","Existing pause ends through compliant response route"],["Electronic five-day notice","Electronic record with E-SIGN compliance","Consumer","Within five days after initial communication","Retainable notice reasonably expected to provide actual notice","Validation period based on receipt/assumed receipt"],["Federal transfer to successor collector","Successor’s first communication","Successor collector","Its own initial-communication sequence","New validation information","New collector has its own dispute window"]]},{"headers":["Record or evidence","Legally required to exist or be retained?","Legally required to be furnished prelitigation?","Boundary"],"index":2,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Record or evidence","Legally required to exist or be retained?","Legally required to be furnished prelitigation?","Boundary"],["MCLA payment ledger","Yes, under state statute/rule","Receipt fields furnished; full ledger not universally required to consumer","Department examination duty differs from consumer access"],["MCLA original source documents supporting notes receivable","Required for Department review","No general consumer production right identified","Not automatic validation packet"],["MCLA payment receipt","Yes","Yes, under the statute/rule’s payment trigger","Receipt is not ownership proof"],["Retail installment signed contract copy","Required at execution","Exact copy due to buyer at formation","No universal later must-produce-original rule"],["Retail installment payment history and unpaid total","Holder must be able to provide","Yes, on buyer’s written request","No response deadline or pause stated"],["Retail merchandise periodic statement","Required if seller uses §501 late charge","Yes, periodically","Narrow merchandise-account branch"],["UCC accounting","Must be produced after qualifying request","Yes, within 14 days","Excludes buyer of accounts/chattel paper/payment intangibles/notes"],["UCC reasonable proof of assignment","Assignee must produce after qualifying request","Yes, seasonably","Scope is “reasonable proof,” not necessarily every transfer document"],["Original creditor identity","Federal covered collector must disclose/request-response as specified","Yes under federal process","Original creditor can equal current creditor"],["Current creditor identity","Required in federal validation information","Yes","Trade/DBA name may be used where permitted"],["Itemization-date balance","Required under Reg F","Yes","Includes charges already present on reference date"],["Interest, fees, payments, credits since itemization date","Required under Reg F","Yes","Blank fields impermissible; zeros allowed"],["Original signed contract","Often prudent; may be needed to prove claim","No universal federal verification requirement identified","Litigation proof reserved"],["Complete chain of title","Often prudent for purchased debt","Not universally required by §1692g or §30-9A-406","“Reasonable proof” and litigation proof are context-specific"],["Collector authority agreement","Prudent and potentially relevant","No general consumer-production right identified","Regulatory/litigation discovery later"],["Prior dispute and response records","Regulation F retention may require evidence","Consumer gets required response, not entire compliance archive","Internal records are not automatically discoverable prelitigation"],["Collection call recordings","Only if calls are recorded; then three years","No automatic consumer-access right in Reg F","Subpoena/discovery/privacy issues later"],["Transfer history and prior collector notices","Retention may apply; prudent for successor","Successor owes its own notice","No universal duty to furnish entire transfer file"],["Proof charge was contractually or legally authorized","Necessary to substantiate amount","Reg F itemizes charges but does not itself prove authorization","Contract/statute analysis remains"],["Credit-report furnishing records","Later FCRA/Reg V pass","Not resolved here","Explicitly excluded"]]},{"headers":["Source ID","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint","Version/status/access and limits"],"index":3,"links":[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15?utm_source=chatgpt.com","text":"Montana Administrative Rules\n+3"},{"href":"https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625","text":"Montana SOS\n+1"},{"href":"https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858?utm_source=chatgpt.com","text":"Montana Administrative Rules\n+2"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+2"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+3"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"},{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html","text":"Justia Law"},{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html","text":"Justia Law\n+1"},{"href":"https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/","text":"U.S. Code\n+2"},{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34","text":"eCFR\n+3"},{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38","text":"eCFR\n+4"},{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42","text":"eCFR\n+2"},{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100","text":"eCFR\n+3"},{"href":"https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/","text":"Consumer Financial Protection Bureau\n+2"},{"href":"https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf","text":"Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"},{"href":"https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf","text":"Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"},{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/","text":"Justia Law\n+2"},{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/","text":"Justia Law\n+2"},{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/","text":"Justia Law\n+2"}],"row_links":[[],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15?utm_source=chatgpt.com","text":"Montana Administrative Rules\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625","text":"Montana SOS\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858?utm_source=chatgpt.com","text":"Montana Administrative Rules\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html","text":"Montana Code Annotated\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html","text":"Justia Law"}],[{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html","text":"Justia Law\n+1"}],[{"href":"https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/","text":"U.S. Code\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34","text":"eCFR\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38","text":"eCFR\n+4"}],[{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42","text":"eCFR\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100","text":"eCFR\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/","text":"Consumer Financial Protection Bureau\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf","text":"Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf","text":"Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"}],[{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/","text":"Justia Law\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/","text":"Justia Law\n+2"}],[{"href":"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/","text":"Justia Law\n+2"}],[]],"rows":[["Source ID","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint","Version/status/access and limits"],["S_MT-P09-S001","Montana Consumer Loan Act—receipts and records, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html, §32-5-304; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0070/0320-0050-0030-0070.html, §32-5-307.","Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026 Pacific/UTC. MCA 2025, operative published text with Internet-code disclaimer. No PDF page/index. No complete post-2025 legislative audit. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P09-S002","ARM 2.59.305 and 2.59.306, Montana Department of Administration/SOS. Official current routes: https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15; https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/011391ed4de5837690dc11e054f3e398a779b5b5407d1b396e1d01941b449dd9. Secondary current text: https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.305; https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.306.","Fresh official search rendering and secondary full-text read October 26, 2026. Official direct bodies returned HTTP 405. Search rendering displayed current text; secondary compilation matches. Qualified current-body access. \nMontana Administrative Rules\n+3"],["S_MT-P09-S003","Montana Administrative Register 2014, Issue 5—ARM 2.59.305/.306 adoption, Montana SOS. https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625, printed p.498, zero-based PDF index 68.","Fresh bounded official PDF read and screenshot October 26, 2026. Adoption notice says rules were amended exactly as proposed; published March 13, 2014. This authenticates adoption history, not every later current-rule question. \nMontana SOS\n+1"],["S_MT-P09-S004","ARM 2.59.319—closure of consumer-loan business, Montana SOS. Official current text route: https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858; status page https://rules.mt.gov/browse/collections/aec52c46-128e-4279-9068-8af5d5432d74/policies/dbc2dcd8-2093-4c32-8ea7-619dd959d81e; secondary text https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.319.","Fresh official search-rendered status/text and secondary full-text read October 26, 2026. Official page labels rule effective; direct body inaccessible. History reports effective December 25, 2015. Used only for closure. \nMontana Administrative Rules\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S005","Montana Retail Installment Sales Act, Montana Legislature. Definitions: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html, §31-1-202; contract requirements: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0310/0310-0010-0020-0310.html, §31-1-231; statement right: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0360/0310-0010-0020-0360.html, §31-1-236.","Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. MCA 2025; no PDF. No post-2025 audit. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S006","Retail merchandise late-payment accounts, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html, §31-1-501; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0020/0310-0010-0050-0020.html, §31-1-502.","Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. Narrow retail-merchandise scope; not services, health care, utilities, real estate, or Part 2 contracts. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P09-S007","Montana UCC Article 9, Montana Legislature. Definitions: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html, §30-9A-102; release: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0090/0300-009A-0020-0090.html, §209; accounting: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html, §210; assignment proof: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html, §406.","Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. Current 2025 published text; histories identify 2025 Ch. 200 amendments. Exact chapter-wide operative-date analysis not separately performed. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+3"],["S_MT-P09-S008","Montana UETA, Montana Legislature. Agreement to transact electronically: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html, §30-18-104; writing/presentation: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0070/0300-0180-0010-0070.html, §30-18-107.","Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. Used only for state electronic-form boundary. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P09-S009","Montana Consumer Protection Act general prohibition, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html, §30-14-103; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0140-0010-0040.html, §30-14-104.","Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. General deception boundary only; no full remedies pass. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"],["S_MT-P09-S010","First Fidelity Bank v. Matthews, 208 Mont. 450 (1984). https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html, assignment-notice discussion in reproduced opinion.","Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host of Montana Supreme Court opinion; applies predecessor UCC provision. No complete subsequent-history citator. \nJustia Law"],["S_MT-P09-S011","Hutzenbiler v. RJC Investment, Inc., 2019 MT 80. https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html, ¶¶9–23, especially ¶¶11–14.","Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host of primary opinion; reversed summary judgment and remanded. \nJustia Law\n+1"],["S_MT-P09-S012","FDCPA definitions, validation, and state-law preservation, U.S. House OLRC. https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/, §1692a; https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/, §1692g; state-law preservation as codified at 15 U.S.C. §1692n and implemented in 12 CFR 1006.104.","Fresh official HTML read October 26, 2026. U.S. Code text through Public Law 119-124, October 15, 2026. The direct §1692n OLRC route failed, so current preservation text was verified through current Regulation F §1006.104. \nU.S. Code\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S013","Regulation F §1006.34 and official interpretations, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34/.","Fresh direct official eCFR and CFPB interpretation read October 26, 2026. eCFR displayed Title 12 through October 22, 2026 and last amendment October 2, 2026. \neCFR\n+3"],["S_MT-P09-S014","Regulation F §1006.38 and official interpretations, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/38/.","Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026. Current dispute, original-creditor, pause, and duplicative-dispute provisions. \neCFR\n+4"],["S_MT-P09-S015","Regulation F §1006.42 and E-SIGN, CFPB/eCFR and U.S. House OLRC. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/42/; https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s7001/, 15 U.S.C. §7001.","Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026. Electronic delivery and consent only; no universal electronic-transaction approval. \neCFR\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S016","Regulation F records and state-law relation, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/100/; https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.104.","Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026. Record retention does not itself create a consumer production right. \neCFR\n+3"],["S_MT-P09-S017","CFPB Model Form B-1, CFPB. Appendix route https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/; PDF https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_debt-collection_model-validation-notice_english.pdf. Model notice at printed p.3, zero-based PDF index 2; cover at printed p.1/index 0.","Fresh official PDF read and screenshots October 26, 2026. Three-page October 2021 English packet. Safe harbor is limited to the rule’s information/form and specified overshadowing provisions. \nConsumer Financial Protection Bureau\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S018","Hernandez v. Williams, Zinman & Parham PC, 829 F.3d 1068 (9th Cir. 2016). Official PDF https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf, printed pp.13–24, zero-based PDF indices 12–23.","Fresh complete official Ninth Circuit PDF read and relevant pages screenshot October 26, 2026. Reversed summary judgment and remanded. \nNinth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"],["S_MT-P09-S019","Mashiri v. Epsten Grinnell & Howell, 845 F.3d 984 (9th Cir. 2017). Official PDF https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf, printed pp.15–17, zero-based PDF indices 14–16.","Fresh complete official Ninth Circuit PDF read and relevant pages screenshot October 26, 2026. Rule 12(b)(6) reversal; plausible overshadowing, not final liability judgment. \nNinth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"],["S_MT-P09-S020","Camacho v. Bridgeport Financial, Inc., 430 F.3d 1078 (9th Cir. 2005). https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/, operative discussion reproduced at lines corresponding to pp.1079–82.","Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host of Ninth Circuit opinion; affirmed interlocutory denial of dismissal. \nJustia Law\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S021","Clark v. Capital Credit & Collection Services, Inc., 460 F.3d 1162 (9th Cir. 2006). https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/, verification discussion around pp.1173–74.","Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host; minimum verification standard, not universal immunity from false-information claims. \nJustia Law\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S022","Mahon v. Credit Bureau of Placer County, Inc., 171 F.3d 1197 (9th Cir. 1999). https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/, sending discussion around pp.1201–03.","Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host. Applied with current Regulation F rather than as complete current delivery law. \nJustia Law\n+2"],["S_MT-P09-S023","Targeted official-source search log, Montana Legislature, Montana SOS rules, Montana courts, Ninth Circuit, CFPB, and U.S. Code searches for “validation,” “verification,” “dispute,” “statement of account,” “proof of assignment,” “original creditor,” and exact relevant statutory citations.","Fresh bounded searches October 26, 2026. No universal Montana validation/pause statute or exact Montana appellate construction of a general collector validation duty was located. This is research provenance, not proof of absolute absence."]]},{"headers":["Claim ID","Precise claim","Source and pinpoint","Conditions, consequence, and confidence"],"index":4,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Claim ID","Precise claim","Source and pinpoint","Conditions, consequence, and confidence"],["S_MT-P09-C001","No universal Montana initial debt-validation notice applicable to all creditors and collectors was verified.","S001–S011, S023","High-confidence bounded conclusion; specialized, local, tribal, contract, and future law held."],["S_MT-P09-C002","Montana instead supplies account-specific receipt, statement, assignment-proof, and secured-accounting rights.","S001–S008","High."],["S_MT-P09-C003","MCLA licensee must give a plain dated receipt for cash payments and keep amount/date payment records.","S001 §32-5-304(1)–(2)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C004","ARM 2.59.305 requires a receipt for each payment with borrower, account, payment, past-due, remaining-balance, and refund fields.","S002; S003","High-confidence qualified currentness; official body inaccessible."],["S_MT-P09-C005","MCLA payment/refund/collection entries must be separately recorded and electronically reproducible in hard copy.","S002 ARM 2.59.305(3)","High-confidence qualified currentness."],["S_MT-P09-C006","MCLA records must be preserved at least two years after the final entry on the loan.","S001 §32-5-307","High."],["S_MT-P09-C007","Regulatory source documents and receivable totals do not create a general consumer right to the entire file.","S001 §307; S002 ARM 2.59.306","High bounded conclusion."],["S_MT-P09-C008","MCLA closure notice must itemize balance and identify succession and successor information at least 60 days before closure.","S004 ARM 2.59.319","Qualified currentness; closure only."],["S_MT-P09-C009","Retail installment buyer is entitled to an exact signed contract copy at formation.","S005 §31-1-231","High."],["S_MT-P09-C010","Retail installment holder must, on written request, provide payment dates/amounts and total unpaid.","S005 §31-1-236(1)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C011","§31-1-236 supplies no fixed response deadline or collection pause.","S005 §31-1-236","High bounded negative."],["S_MT-P09-C012","Montana retail-merchandise late-charge accounts require periodic itemized statements when the narrow statutory branch applies.","S006 §§31-1-501, 502","High."],["S_MT-P09-C013","Effective assignment notice under §30-9A-406 changes whom the account debtor may pay to discharge the obligation.","S007 §406(1)–(2)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C014","Assignee must seasonably furnish reasonable proof of assignment on account-debtor request.","S007 §406(3)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C015","Until assignment proof is furnished, account debtor may discharge by paying assignor; debt is not textually extinguished.","S007 §406(3)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C016","§406 does not universally require original contract or full assignment chain.","S007 §406; S010","High bounded conclusion."],["S_MT-P09-C017","Covered secured party must answer a qualifying signed §30-9A-210 request within 14 days.","S007 §210(1)–(5)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C018","§210 accounting must state aggregate unpaid secured obligations and identify components in reasonable detail.","S007 §§102(1)(d), 210","High."],["S_MT-P09-C019","Buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes is excluded from §210 response duty.","S007 §210(2)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C020","One §210 response per six months is free; additional responses may cost no more than $25.","S007 §210(6)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C021","Former secured party must disclaim and identify a known successor within 14 days after qualifying request.","S007 §210(4)–(5)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C022","§30-9A-209 gives a 10-day release duty only under its no-obligation/no-commitment predicates and excludes sales of listed receivables.","S007 §209","High."],["S_MT-P09-C023","Hutzenbiler held a release did not eliminate applicable Article 9 accounting/surplus rights.","S011 ¶¶9–23","High for holding; case remanded."],["S_MT-P09-C024","Montana UETA requires agreement to transact electronically and retainability; email is not automatically sufficient.","S008 §§104, 107","High."],["S_MT-P09-C025","Montana MCPA prohibits unfair/deceptive conduct but does not itself prescribe one validation document set.","S009 §§103–104","High boundary."],["S_MT-P09-C026","FDCPA validation applies only to covered debt collectors and personal/family/household debt.","S012 §§1692a, 1692g","High."],["S_MT-P09-C027","Covered collector must provide validation information initially or within five days unless debt already paid.","S012 §1692g(a); S013 §1006.34(a)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C028","Reg F validation includes collector, consumer, creditor, account, itemization-date, balance, interest, fees, payments, credits, and current amount.","S013 §1006.34(c)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C029","Itemization arithmetic does not establish authorization, title, or liability.","S013; S021","High legal boundary."],["S_MT-P09-C030","Validation period ends 30 days after actual or assumed receipt.","S013 §1006.34(b)(5)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C031","Collector may assume receipt at least five days after provision, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and federal holidays.","S013 §1006.34(b)(5)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C032","Returned-undeliverable replacement notice requires recalculated validation end date.","S013 official comment 34(b)(5)-2","High."],["S_MT-P09-C033","Oral dispute is valid for §1692g(a)(3)’s assumption-of-validity branch in the Ninth Circuit.","S020","High controlling circuit holding."],["S_MT-P09-C034","Timely written dispute is required for §1692g(b) collection pause and verification.","S012 §1692g(b); S014 §1006.38(d)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C035","Failure to dispute is not a legal admission.","S012 §1692g(c); S014 §1006.38(d)(1)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C036","Later dispute does not trigger §1692g(b)’s automatic pause.","S012–S014","High bounded conclusion."],["S_MT-P09-C037","Timely written original-creditor request pauses collection until compliant response.","S012 §1692g(a)(5), (b); S014 §1006.38(c)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C038","When current and original creditor are same, collector may notify that fact and refer to prior validation information.","S014 §1006.38(c)(2)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C039","Federal verification minimum does not universally require original signed contract or independent investigation.","S021","High controlling Ninth Circuit baseline."],["S_MT-P09-C040","Separate false-amount or misleading-information liability can remain despite minimally sufficient verification.","S021","High."],["S_MT-P09-C041","Each successor covered collector owes its own validation notice.","S018","High controlling Ninth Circuit holding."],["S_MT-P09-C042","Reg F allows a successor collector to choose a different permitted itemization date but requires internal consistency.","S013 official comment 34(b)(3)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C043","Proper federal electronic disclosure requires actual-notice expectation, retainability, and E-SIGN compliance for specified notices/responses.","S015","High."],["S_MT-P09-C044","Regulation F written disputes can use mail, response form, accepted electronic medium, in-person delivery, or courier.","S014 official comment 38-1","High."],["S_MT-P09-C045","Duplicative dispute treatment requires an earlier answered timely written dispute and no new/material information.","S014 §1006.38(a), (d)","High."],["S_MT-P09-C046","Reg F requires relevant compliance records through three years after last collection activity; call recordings three years after call.","S016 §1006.100","High."],["S_MT-P09-C047","Regulation F retention does not itself create consumer access to every retained record.","S016","High bounded conclusion."],["S_MT-P09-C048","Model Form B-1 is a limited safe harbor, not mandatory and not proof of debt validity.","S013 §1006.34(d)(2); S014 §1006.38(b)(2); S017","High."],["S_MT-P09-C049","Collection communications during validation period may not overshadow or contradict dispute rights.","S012 §1692g(b); S014 §1006.38(b); S019","High."],["S_MT-P09-C050","Mahon’s statutory sending rule must be reconciled with current Regulation F delivery requirements.","S022; S015","High."],["S_MT-P09-C051","Federal law preserves consistent and more protective state law.","S012/S016 §1006.104","High."],["S_MT-P09-C052","No actual account, assignment, contract, notice, delivery evidence, or collector coverage was established in this pass.","All","High provenance limit."]]},{"headers":["Assigned question","Status","Claim IDs","Exact remaining evidence or next action"],"index":5,"links":[],"row_links":[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]],"rows":[["Assigned question","Status","Claim IDs","Exact remaining evidence or next action"],["Universal Montana initial validation notice","Bounded answered: none verified","C001–C002","Monitor later enactments and specialized sector rules."],["Universal Montana dispute pause","Bounded answered: none verified","C001, C011, C025","Apply federal and account-specific state law separately."],["Original-creditor Montana account information","Partial by account type","C003–C012","Classify loan, installment contract, merchandise account, mortgage, utility, medical, or other debt."],["MCLA payment receipt","Answered","C003–C005","Inspect actual receipt and payment method."],["MCLA payment ledger","Answered as existence duty","C003–C007","Actual consumer-access right beyond receipts unresolved."],["MCLA record retention","Answered","C006–C007","Complete current rule body and entity files not reviewed."],["MCLA statement on dispute","No general process found","C001–C007","Contract, MCPA, and federal analysis if collector covered."],["MCLA closure balance/itemization","Qualified answered","C008","Apply only to actual business closure."],["MCLA ordinary transfer notice","Unresolved/not established","C008","Search actual contract, license condition, and later rules."],["Retail installment contract copy","Answered at execution","C009","Later production right beyond §236 unresolved."],["Retail installment statement on request","Answered","C010–C011","Actual holder, written request, and account type."],["Retail statement response deadline","Unresolved/no deadline in text","C011","Contract or other law may supply timing."],["Retail statement collection pause","No pause established","C011","Federal coverage separately."],["Retail-merchandise periodic statement","Answered narrowly","C012","Confirm merchandise and late-charge predicates."],["Medical account state statement duty","Unresolved in this pass","—","Sector-specific later pass."],["Utility account state statement duty","Unresolved in this pass","—","PSC and utility-sector later pass."],["Mortgage periodic statements","Excluded except Reg F crossover","—","Mortgage/Reg Z servicing pass."],["UCC assignment notice","Answered","C013","Apply actual account/chattel paper/payment-intangible facts."],["UCC reasonable proof of assignment","Answered","C014–C016","Determine what proof is reasonable on actual transaction."],["UCC proof response deadline","“Seasonably,” exact date unresolved","C014","Actual facts and UCC timeliness authority."],["UCC consequence of no proof","Answered","C015","Payment-to-assignor option; no debt extinguishment."],["Complete assignment chain","No universal prelitigation right established","C016, C039","Litigation proof later."],["UCC accounting","Answered","C017–C018","Apply statutory debtor/secured-party roles."],["UCC buyer-of-accounts exclusion","Answered","C019","Other duties may still apply."],["UCC accounting charge","Answered","C020","Track six-month request history."],["UCC former-party successor information","Answered","C021","Actual knowledge and prior interest required."],["UCC no-obligation release","Answered narrowly","C022","Sale exclusion and actual secured obligations."],["Montana electronic state requests","Partial","C024","Verify mutual electronic agreement and retainability."],["Montana general deception law","Answered as boundary","C025","Actual statement, materiality, causation, and remedies later."],["FDCPA debt coverage","Answered at gateway level","C026","Actual personal/business purpose."],["FDCPA collector coverage","Answered at gateway level","C026","Original-creditor, buyer, servicer, attorney, affiliate facts."],["Initial federal validation timing","Answered","C027","Actual initial communication and payment status."],["Validation content","Answered","C027–C029","Compare actual notice."],["Itemization date","Answered","C028–C029, C042","Actual reference date and source records."],["Interest/fee authorization","Excluded/unresolved","C029","Contract and state substantive law."],["Validation-period calculation","Answered in rule","C030–C032","Actual provision/receipt dates and holidays required."],["Returned mail","Answered in rule","C032","Actual undeliverable and resend facts."],["Oral dispute","Answered","C033","Collector coverage and communication evidence."],["Written dispute","Answered","C034","Timeliness and delivery evidence."],["Electronic written dispute","Answered conditionally","C043–C044","Confirm accepted electronic medium."],["Original-creditor request","Answered","C037–C038","Timeliness and same/different creditor facts."],["Late dispute","Answered as no §1692g(b) pause","C035–C036","Other law may still apply."],["Verification standard","Answered at federal baseline","C039–C040","Actual dispute specificity and false-information issues."],["Original signed contract","No universal federal requirement","C039","Litigation, contract, or sector law later."],["Independent investigation","No universal §1692g duty","C039–C040","Known inaccuracies and separate duties remain."],["Successor collector notice","Answered","C041–C042","Actual collector status and initial communication."],["Transfer of prior dispute data","Unresolved generally","C041–C042, C046","Contract, furnishing, and successor knowledge later."],["Duplicative disputes","Answered","C045","Compare prior response and new material."],["Electronic validation delivery","Answered conditionally","C043–C044","E-SIGN consent and actual-notice facts."],["Paper notice actual receipt","Partial","C030–C032, C050","Sending, expected notice, returned mail, and assumed receipt."],["Model Form B-1","Answered as limited safe harbor","C048","Actual modifications and optional fields."],["Record retention","Answered federally and for MCLA","C006–C007, C046–C047","Actual files and longer contractual retention held."],["Consumer access to retained Reg F records","No universal access right established","C047","Litigation discovery or other law later."],["Overshadowing","Answered at federal rule/case level","C049","Actual full communication and timeline."],["Credit reporting after dispute","Excluded","—","FCRA/Reg V/furnishing pass."],["Identity-theft blocking","Excluded","—","FCRA identity-theft pass."],["Lawsuit pleading proof","Excluded","—","Collection-litigation/evidence pass."],["Business-record admissibility","Excluded","—","Litigation/evidence pass."],["Default judgment proof","Excluded","—","Litigation/default pass."],["Debt limitations and revival","Excluded","—","Dedicated limitations pass."],["Garnishment and execution","Excluded","—","Creditor-remedies pass."],["Full damages/private remedies","Excluded","—","Separate remedies pass."],["Local and tribal documentation rules","Excluded","—","Jurisdiction-specific passes."],["Actual provider/account compliance","Unresolved","C052","Entity- and account-specific evidence required."],["Comprehensive post-2025 Montana currentness","Partial","All state claims","Later session, rulemaking, and judicial audit."]]}],"claims":[{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C001","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C001","Precise claim":"No universal Montana initial debt-validation notice applicable to all creditors and collectors was verified.","Source and pinpoint":"S001–S011, S023","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High-confidence bounded conclusion; specialized, local, tribal, contract, and future law held."},"coordinator_verification_status":"bounded_scope_or_inference_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Retains source-specific/negative/arithmetic/actualapplication limits; no universalabsence or actualaccount acceptance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C002","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C002","Precise claim":"Montana instead supplies account-specific receipt, statement, assignment-proof, and secured-accounting rights.","Source and pinpoint":"S001–S008","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"bounded_scope_or_inference_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Retains source-specific/negative/arithmetic/actualapplication limits; no universalabsence or actualaccount acceptance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C003","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C003","Precise claim":"MCLA licensee must give a plain dated receipt for cash payments and keep amount/date payment records.","Source and pinpoint":"S001 §32-5-304(1)–(2)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"prior_coordinator_primary_read_explicitly_reused_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"See selected-read-map prior reuse; no retroactive fresh-source provenance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C004","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C004","Precise claim":"ARM 2.59.305 requires a receipt for each payment with borrower, account, payment, past-due, remaining-balance, and refund fields.","Source and pinpoint":"S002; S003","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High-confidence qualified currentness; official body inaccessible."},"coordinator_verification_status":"qualified_secondary_body_checked_official_currentness_held","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Secondary text/history read; official405/currentchain not cured.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C005","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C005","Precise claim":"MCLA payment/refund/collection entries must be separately recorded and electronically reproducible in hard copy.","Source and pinpoint":"S002 ARM 2.59.305(3)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High-confidence qualified currentness."},"coordinator_verification_status":"qualified_secondary_body_checked_official_currentness_held","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Secondary text/history read; official405/currentchain not cured.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C006","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C006","Precise claim":"MCLA records must be preserved at least two years after the final entry on the loan.","Source and pinpoint":"S001 §32-5-307","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"prior_coordinator_primary_read_explicitly_reused_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"See selected-read-map prior reuse; no retroactive fresh-source provenance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C007","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C007","Precise claim":"Regulatory source documents and receivable totals do not create a general consumer right to the entire file.","Source and pinpoint":"S001 §307; S002 ARM 2.59.306","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High bounded conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"qualified_secondary_body_checked_official_currentness_held","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Secondary text/history read; official405/currentchain not cured.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C008","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C008","Precise claim":"MCLA closure notice must itemize balance and identify succession and successor information at least 60 days before closure.","Source and pinpoint":"S004 ARM 2.59.319","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"Qualified currentness; closure only."},"coordinator_verification_status":"qualified_secondary_body_checked_official_currentness_held","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Secondary text/history read; official405/currentchain not cured.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C009","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C009","Precise claim":"Retail installment buyer is entitled to an exact signed contract copy at formation.","Source and pinpoint":"S005 §31-1-231","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.231(1)multidocument and231(8)TILAsatisfaction(2)-(6) read; not universal later originalcontract production.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C010","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C010","Precise claim":"Retail installment holder must, on written request, provide payment dates/amounts and total unpaid.","Source and pinpoint":"S005 §31-1-236(1)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"prior_coordinator_primary_read_explicitly_reused_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"See selected-read-map prior reuse; no retroactive fresh-source provenance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C011","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C011","Precise claim":"§31-1-236 supplies no fixed response deadline or collection pause.","Source and pinpoint":"S005 §31-1-236","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High bounded negative."},"coordinator_verification_status":"prior_coordinator_primary_read_explicitly_reused_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"See selected-read-map prior reuse; no retroactive fresh-source provenance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C012","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C012","Precise claim":"Montana retail-merchandise late-charge accounts require periodic itemized statements when the narrow statutory branch applies.","Source and pinpoint":"S006 §§31-1-501, 502","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C013","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C013","Precise claim":"Effective assignment notice under §30-9A-406 changes whom the account debtor may pay to discharge the obligation.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §406(1)–(2)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C014","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C014","Precise claim":"Assignee must seasonably furnish reasonable proof of assignment on account-debtor request.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §406(3)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C015","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C015","Precise claim":"Until assignment proof is furnished, account debtor may discharge by paying assignor; debt is not textually extinguished.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §406(3)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C016","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C016","Precise claim":"§406 does not universally require original contract or full assignment chain.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §406; S010","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High bounded conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C017","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C017","Precise claim":"Covered secured party must answer a qualifying signed §30-9A-210 request within 14 days.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §210(1)–(5)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C018","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C018","Precise claim":"§210 accounting must state aggregate unpaid secured obligations and identify components in reasonable detail.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §§102(1)(d), 210","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C019","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C019","Precise claim":"Buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes is excluded from §210 response duty.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §210(2)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C020","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C020","Precise claim":"One §210 response per six months is free; additional responses may cost no more than $25.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §210(6)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C021","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C021","Precise claim":"Former secured party must disclaim and identify a known successor within 14 days after qualifying request.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §210(4)–(5)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C022","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C022","Precise claim":"§30-9A-209 gives a 10-day release duty only under its no-obligation/no-commitment predicates and excludes sales of listed receivables.","Source and pinpoint":"S007 §209","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C023","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C023","Precise claim":"Hutzenbiler held a release did not eliminate applicable Article 9 accounting/surplus rights.","Source and pinpoint":"S011 ¶¶9–23","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High for holding; case remanded."},"coordinator_verification_status":"reviewed_text_case_authority_unreopened","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Do not treat researcher case citation/holding as freshly coordinator verified.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C024","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C024","Precise claim":"Montana UETA requires agreement to transact electronically and retainability; email is not automatically sufficient.","Source and pinpoint":"S008 §§104, 107","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C025","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C025","Precise claim":"Montana MCPA prohibits unfair/deceptive conduct but does not itself prescribe one validation document set.","Source and pinpoint":"S009 §§103–104","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High boundary."},"coordinator_verification_status":"prior_coordinator_primary_read_explicitly_reused_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"See selected-read-map prior reuse; no retroactive fresh-source provenance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C026","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C026","Precise claim":"FDCPA validation applies only to covered debt collectors and personal/family/household debt.","Source and pinpoint":"S012 §§1692a, 1692g","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"prior_coordinator_primary_read_explicitly_reused_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"See selected-read-map prior reuse; no retroactive fresh-source provenance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C027","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C027","Precise claim":"Covered collector must provide validation information initially or within five days unless debt already paid.","Source and pinpoint":"S012 §1692g(a); S013 §1006.34(a)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C028","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C028","Precise claim":"Reg F validation includes collector, consumer, creditor, account, itemization-date, balance, interest, fees, payments, credits, and current amount.","Source and pinpoint":"S013 §1006.34(c)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C029","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C029","Precise claim":"Itemization arithmetic does not establish authorization, title, or liability.","Source and pinpoint":"S013; S021","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High legal boundary."},"coordinator_verification_status":"bounded_scope_or_inference_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Retains source-specific/negative/arithmetic/actualapplication limits; no universalabsence or actualaccount acceptance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C030","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C030","Precise claim":"Validation period ends 30 days after actual or assumed receipt.","Source and pinpoint":"S013 §1006.34(b)(5)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C031","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C031","Precise claim":"Collector may assume receipt at least five days after provision, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and federal holidays.","Source and pinpoint":"S013 §1006.34(b)(5)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C032","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C032","Precise claim":"Returned-undeliverable replacement notice requires recalculated validation end date.","Source and pinpoint":"S013 official comment 34(b)(5)-2","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"revision_required_Q002_UNSENT","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Restore not-otherwise-received validationinformation prerequisite;primarycomment read.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C033","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C033","Precise claim":"Oral dispute is valid for §1692g(a)(3)’s assumption-of-validity branch in the Ninth Circuit.","Source and pinpoint":"S020","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High controlling circuit holding."},"coordinator_verification_status":"regulatory_text_checked_case_interpretation_unreopened","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"34(c)(3)(iii) and38 writtenpause text read; Camacho holding/history notfresh.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C034","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C034","Precise claim":"Timely written dispute is required for §1692g(b) collection pause and verification.","Source and pinpoint":"S012 §1692g(b); S014 §1006.38(d)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C035","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C035","Precise claim":"Failure to dispute is not a legal admission.","Source and pinpoint":"S012 §1692g(c); S014 §1006.38(d)(1)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C036","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C036","Precise claim":"Later dispute does not trigger §1692g(b)’s automatic pause.","Source and pinpoint":"S012–S014","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High bounded conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C037","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C037","Precise claim":"Timely written original-creditor request pauses collection until compliant response.","Source and pinpoint":"S012 §1692g(a)(5), (b); S014 §1006.38(c)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C038","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C038","Precise claim":"When current and original creditor are same, collector may notify that fact and refer to prior validation information.","Source and pinpoint":"S014 §1006.38(c)(2)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C039","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C039","Precise claim":"Federal verification minimum does not universally require original signed contract or independent investigation.","Source and pinpoint":"S021","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High controlling Ninth Circuit baseline."},"coordinator_verification_status":"reviewed_text_case_authority_unreopened","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Do not treat researcher case citation/holding as freshly coordinator verified.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C040","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C040","Precise claim":"Separate false-amount or misleading-information liability can remain despite minimally sufficient verification.","Source and pinpoint":"S021","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"reviewed_text_case_authority_unreopened","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Do not treat researcher case citation/holding as freshly coordinator verified.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C041","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C041","Precise claim":"Each successor covered collector owes its own validation notice.","Source and pinpoint":"S018","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High controlling Ninth Circuit holding."},"coordinator_verification_status":"reviewed_text_case_authority_unreopened","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Do not treat researcher case citation/holding as freshly coordinator verified.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C042","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C042","Precise claim":"Reg F allows a successor collector to choose a different permitted itemization date but requires internal consistency.","Source and pinpoint":"S013 official comment 34(b)(3)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C043","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C043","Precise claim":"Proper federal electronic disclosure requires actual-notice expectation, retainability, and E-SIGN compliance for specified notices/responses.","Source and pinpoint":"S015","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.42(b)specifieddisclosures only; no universal E-SIGN conclusion for everyinitialelectroniccommunication.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C044","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C044","Precise claim":"Regulation F written disputes can use mail, response form, accepted electronic medium, in-person delivery, or courier.","Source and pinpoint":"S014 official comment 38-1","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C045","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C045","Precise claim":"Duplicative dispute treatment requires an earlier answered timely written dispute and no new/material information.","Source and pinpoint":"S014 §1006.38(a), (d)","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C046","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C046","Precise claim":"Reg F requires relevant compliance records through three years after last collection activity; call recordings three years after call.","Source and pinpoint":"S016 §1006.100","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C047","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C047","Precise claim":"Regulation F retention does not itself create consumer access to every retained record.","Source and pinpoint":"S016","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High bounded conclusion."},"coordinator_verification_status":"bounded_scope_or_inference_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Retains source-specific/negative/arithmetic/actualapplication limits; no universalabsence or actualaccount acceptance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C048","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C048","Precise claim":"Model Form B-1 is a limited safe harbor, not mandatory and not proof of debt validity.","Source and pinpoint":"S013 §1006.34(d)(2); S014 §1006.38(b)(2); S017","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.October2021modelparsedtext; noPDFpixels or actualnotice comparison.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C049","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C049","Precise claim":"Collection communications during validation period may not overshadow or contradict dispute rights.","Source and pinpoint":"S012 §1692g(b); S014 §1006.38(b); S019","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C050","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C050","Precise claim":"Mahon’s statutory sending rule must be reconciled with current Regulation F delivery requirements.","Source and pinpoint":"S022; S015","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"reviewed_text_case_authority_unreopened","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Do not treat researcher case citation/holding as freshly coordinator verified.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C051","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C051","Precise claim":"Federal law preserves consistent and more protective state law.","Source and pinpoint":"S012/S016 §1006.104","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High."},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_primary_text_checked_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Selected authority supports scoped proposition; all actualapplication,latestchain and source-specific holds remain.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}},{"claim_id":"S_MT-P09-C052","area_numbers":[66],"area_assignment_method":"task_scope_fallback","researcher_record":{"Claim ID":"S_MT-P09-C052","Precise claim":"No actual account, assignment, contract, notice, delivery evidence, or collector coverage was established in this pass.","Source and pinpoint":"All","Conditions, consequence, and confidence":"High provenance limit."},"coordinator_verification_status":"bounded_scope_or_inference_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Retains source-specific/negative/arithmetic/actualapplication limits; no universalabsence or actualaccount acceptance.","independent_review":false,"parent_acceptance":false}}],"sources":[{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S001","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0070/0320-0050-0030-0070.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S001","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Montana Consumer Loan Act—receipts and records, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0040/0320-0050-0030-0040.html, §32-5-304; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0320/chapter_0050/part_0030/section_0070/0320-0050-0030-0070.html, §32-5-307.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026 Pacific/UTC. MCA 2025, operative published text with Internet-code disclaimer. No PDF page/index. No complete post-2025 legislative audit. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Explicitly reused MT8official304/307 bodies; not fresh MT9 fetch; MCA2025 and later-chain/application holds.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S002","urls":["https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15","https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/011391ed4de5837690dc11e054f3e398a779b5b5407d1b396e1d01941b449dd9","https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.305","https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.306","https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15?utm_source=chatgpt.com"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S002","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"ARM 2.59.305 and 2.59.306, Montana Department of Administration/SOS. Official current routes: https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/f28f11e08f794910559fc30491a9ae96a5839c0c047f19e4bea20fe8e836bf15; https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/011391ed4de5837690dc11e054f3e398a779b5b5407d1b396e1d01941b449dd9. Secondary current text: https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.305; https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.306.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh official search rendering and secondary full-text read October 26, 2026. Official direct bodies returned HTTP 405. Search rendering displayed current text; secondary compilation matches. Qualified current-body access. \nMontana Administrative Rules\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh Cornell secondary305/306 full bodies; official direct405 history preserved, not retried. Not official current-body acceptance.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S003","urls":["https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S003","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Montana Administrative Register 2014, Issue 5—ARM 2.59.305/.306 adoption, Montana SOS. https://sosmt.gov/wp-content/uploads/attachments/MAR14-05.pdf?dt=1503069136495&dt=1519326095625, printed p.498, zero-based PDF index 68.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh bounded official PDF read and screenshot October 26, 2026. Adoption notice says rules were amended exactly as proposed; published March 13, 2014. This authenticates adoption history, not every later current-rule question. \nMontana SOS\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh historical official2014adoption selectedprinted498/index68; exact proposaltext/laterchain unreopened; screenshot text-only.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S004","urls":["https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858","https://rules.mt.gov/browse/collections/aec52c46-128e-4279-9068-8af5d5432d74/policies/dbc2dcd8-2093-4c32-8ea7-619dd959d81e","https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.319","https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858?utm_source=chatgpt.com"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S004","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"ARM 2.59.319—closure of consumer-loan business, Montana SOS. Official current text route: https://rules.mt.gov/policy-library-documents/text/html/158df688826baf7eec218e60665354244b52ba8a7c257368cb214267ebe77858; status page https://rules.mt.gov/browse/collections/aec52c46-128e-4279-9068-8af5d5432d74/policies/dbc2dcd8-2093-4c32-8ea7-619dd959d81e; secondary text https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/montana/Mont-Admin-r-2.59.319.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh official search-rendered status/text and secondary full-text read October 26, 2026. Official page labels rule effective; direct body inaccessible. History reports effective December 25, 2015. Used only for closure. \nMontana Administrative Rules\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh Cornell secondary319 fullbody; closure-only, officialcurrentbody/laterchain held; no405retry.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S005","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0310/0310-0010-0020-0310.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0360/0310-0010-0020-0360.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S005","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Montana Retail Installment Sales Act, Montana Legislature. Definitions: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0020/0310-0010-0020-0020.html, §31-1-202; contract requirements: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0310/0310-0010-0020-0310.html, §31-1-231; statement right: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0020/section_0360/0310-0010-0020-0360.html, §31-1-236.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. MCA 2025; no PDF. No post-2025 audit. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh official231 complete; explicit MT8reuse202/236complete. Multidocument/TILA231(8) qualification and actualagreement held.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S006","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0020/0310-0010-0050-0020.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S006","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Retail merchandise late-payment accounts, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0010/0310-0010-0050-0010.html, §31-1-501; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0310/chapter_0010/part_0050/section_0020/0310-0010-0050-0020.html, §31-1-502.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. Narrow retail-merchandise scope; not services, health care, utilities, real estate, or Part 2 contracts. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh official501/502complete;30day retailmerchandise/latecharge condition and exclusions retained.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S007","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0090/0300-009A-0020-0090.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S007","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Montana UCC Article 9, Montana Legislature. Definitions: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0010/section_0020/0300-009A-0010-0020.html, §30-9A-102; release: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0090/0300-009A-0020-0090.html, §209; accounting: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0020/section_0100/0300-009A-0020-0100.html, §210; assignment proof: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/MCA/title_0300/chapter_009A/part_0040/section_0060/0300-009A-0040-0060.html, §406.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. Current 2025 published text; histories identify 2025 Ch. 200 amendments. Exact chapter-wide operative-date analysis not separately performed. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh official209/210/406complete plus102selecteddefinitions; exclusions, signedrecord/receiptclocks and2025operative/amendmentchain held.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S008","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0070/0300-0180-0010-0070.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S008","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Montana UETA, Montana Legislature. Agreement to transact electronically: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0180-0010-0040.html, §30-18-104; writing/presentation: https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0180/part_0010/section_0070/0300-0180-0010-0070.html, §30-18-107.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. Used only for state electronic-form boundary. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh official104/107complete; mutual electronicagreement/retainability/specifiedmethods andexceptions retained.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S009","urls":["https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html","https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0140-0010-0040.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S009","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Montana Consumer Protection Act general prohibition, Montana Legislature. https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0030/0300-0140-0010-0030.html, §30-14-103; https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0140/part_0010/section_0040/0300-0140-0010-0040.html, §30-14-104.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official HTML read October 26, 2026. General deception boundary only; no full remedies pass. \nMontana Code Annotated\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Explicit MT8reuse103complete only;104 not freshlyreopened. Generaldeception is not universalvalidation packet;actualmisrepresentation held.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S010","urls":["https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S010","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"First Fidelity Bank v. Matthews, 208 Mont. 450 (1984). https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/1984/849ac272-51b1-4c0f-8686-867121e8ca23.html, assignment-notice discussion in reproduced opinion.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host of Montana Supreme Court opinion; applies predecessor UCC provision. No complete subsequent-history citator. \nJustia Law"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Existing citedcase authority unreopened under review-only boundaries; researcherrecord preserved, citationstatus/laterhistory/application notcertified.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S011","urls":["https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S011","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Hutzenbiler v. RJC Investment, Inc., 2019 MT 80. https://law.justia.com/cases/montana/supreme-court/2019/da-18-0421.html, ¶¶9–23, especially ¶¶11–14.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host of primary opinion; reversed summary judgment and remanded. \nJustia Law\n+1"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Existing citedcase authority unreopened under review-only boundaries; researcherrecord preserved, citationstatus/laterhistory/application notcertified.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S012","urls":["https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/","https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S012","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"FDCPA definitions, validation, and state-law preservation, U.S. House OLRC. https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692a/, §1692a; https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s1692g/, §1692g; state-law preservation as codified at 15 U.S.C. §1692n and implemented in 12 CFR 1006.104.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh official HTML read October 26, 2026. U.S. Code text through Public Law 119-124, October 15, 2026. The direct §1692n OLRC route failed, so current preservation text was verified through current Regulation F §1006.104. \nU.S. Code\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh GPO1692gcomplete operativebody; explicitMT8reuse1692a/RegFdefinitions; researcherdatedOLRC provenance unchanged; officialprintedition/currentthrough not established.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S013","urls":["https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34","https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S013","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Regulation F §1006.34 and official interpretations, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.34; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34/.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official eCFR and CFPB interpretation read October 26, 2026. eCFR displayed Title 12 through October 22, 2026 and last amendment October 2, 2026. \neCFR\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh eCFR34complete operativebody plus selectedCFPBcomments. Q002prerequisite missing; versionheaders differ by cachedpage and not clauseamendment proof.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S014","urls":["https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38","https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/38/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S014","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Regulation F §1006.38 and official interpretations, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.38; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/38/.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026. Current dispute, original-creditor, pause, and duplicative-dispute provisions. \neCFR\n+4"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh eCFR38complete and CFPBintegratedoperative/commentbody; acceptedwrittenmedia, duplicatecriteria/priorresponsedate andpauseconditions retained.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S015","urls":["https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42","https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/42/","https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s7001/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S015","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Regulation F §1006.42 and E-SIGN, CFPB/eCFR and U.S. House OLRC. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-B/section-1006.42; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/42/; https://uscode.house.gov/us/usc/119-124/t15/s7001/, 15 U.S.C. §7001.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026. Electronic delivery and consent only; no universal electronic-transaction approval. \neCFR\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh eCFR42complete/CFPBcomments; explicitOR7reuse7001complete. E-SIGN42(b) specified five-day/creditor/verificationresponses, not everyinitialnotice; currency/application held.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S016","urls":["https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100","https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/100/","https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.104"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S016","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Regulation F records and state-law relation, CFPB/eCFR. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.100; https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/100/; https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-X/part-1006/subpart-D/section-1006.104.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh direct official read October 26, 2026. Record retention does not itself create a consumer production right. \neCFR\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh eCFR100/104operativebodies and100comments; lastactivity/transfercondition,recordedcalls,noadditionalcreation/noautomaticallfileaccess retained.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S017","urls":["https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/","https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_debt-collection_model-validation-notice_english.pdf"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S017","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"CFPB Model Form B-1, CFPB. Appendix route https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/b/; PDF https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_debt-collection_model-validation-notice_english.pdf. Model notice at printed p.3, zero-based PDF index 2; cover at printed p.1/index 0.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh official PDF read and screenshots October 26, 2026. Three-page October 2021 English packet. Safe harbor is limited to the rule’s information/form and specified overshadowing provisions. \nConsumer Financial Protection Bureau\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"selected_coordinator_check_with_limits","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Fresh AppendixBidentity plus completeOctober2021Englishmodelparsedpacket;34(d)(2)/38(b)(2)limitedsafeharbors, not validdebtproof; screenshot noactualpixels.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S018","urls":["https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S018","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Hernandez v. Williams, Zinman & Parham PC, 829 F.3d 1068 (9th Cir. 2016). Official PDF https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/20/14-15672.pdf, printed pp.13–24, zero-based PDF indices 12–23.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh complete official Ninth Circuit PDF read and relevant pages screenshot October 26, 2026. Reversed summary judgment and remanded. \nNinth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Caseunreopened; nofresh successorcase verification/laterhistory/citationstatus/application.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S019","urls":["https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S019","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Mashiri v. Epsten Grinnell & Howell, 845 F.3d 984 (9th Cir. 2017). Official PDF https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/01/13/14-56927.pdf, printed pp.15–17, zero-based PDF indices 14–16.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh complete official Ninth Circuit PDF read and relevant pages screenshot October 26, 2026. Rule 12(b)(6) reversal; plausible overshadowing, not final liability judgment. \nNinth Circuit Court of Appeals\n+3"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Caseunreopened; nofresh overshadowingcase verification/laterhistory/citationstatus/application.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S020","urls":["https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S020","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Camacho v. Bridgeport Financial, Inc., 430 F.3d 1078 (9th Cir. 2005). https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/430/1078/505439/, operative discussion reproduced at lines corresponding to pp.1079–82.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host of Ninth Circuit opinion; affirmed interlocutory denial of dismissal. \nJustia Law\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Caseunreopened; regulatoryoraldispute text checked, caseholding/history/citationstatus notfresh.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S021","urls":["https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S021","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Clark v. Capital Credit & Collection Services, Inc., 460 F.3d 1162 (9th Cir. 2006). https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/460/1162/580673/, verification discussion around pp.1173–74.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host; minimum verification standard, not universal immunity from false-information claims. \nJustia Law\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Caseunreopened; nofresh verificationminimum/falseamount caseverification/laterhistory/citationstatus/application.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S022","urls":["https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/"],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S022","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Mahon v. Credit Bureau of Placer County, Inc., 171 F.3d 1197 (9th Cir. 1999). https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/171/1197/557589/, sending discussion around pp.1201–03.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh full public opinion reproduction read October 26, 2026. Secondary host. Applied with current Regulation F rather than as complete current delivery law. \nJustia Law\n+2"},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Caseunreopened; paperactualreceipt historicalcase notfresh;currentRegFdelivery text separatelychecked.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}},{"source_id":"S_MT-P09-S023","urls":[],"researcher_record":{"Source ID":"S_MT-P09-S023","Instrument, issuer, direct literal URL, and pinpoint":"Targeted official-source search log, Montana Legislature, Montana SOS rules, Montana courts, Ninth Circuit, CFPB, and U.S. Code searches for “validation,” “verification,” “dispute,” “statement of account,” “proof of assignment,” “original creditor,” and exact relevant statutory citations.","Version/status/access and limits":"Fresh bounded searches October 26, 2026. No universal Montana validation/pause statute or exact Montana appellate construction of a general collector validation duty was located. This is research provenance, not proof of absolute absence."},"coordinator_verification_status":"unreopened_researcher_provenance_only","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","scope_note":"Researcherboundednegative search history retained; not reperformed or converted to universalabsence.","independent_review":false,"raw_evidence":"[internal evidence reference]"}}],"coverage":[{"topic":"Universal Montana initial validation notice","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Universal Montana initial validation notice","Status":"Bounded answered: none verified","Claim IDs":"C001–C002","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Monitor later enactments and specialized sector rules."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Universal Montana dispute pause","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Universal Montana dispute pause","Status":"Bounded answered: none verified","Claim IDs":"C001, C011, C025","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Apply federal and account-specific state law separately."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Original-creditor Montana account information","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Original-creditor Montana account information","Status":"Partial by account type","Claim IDs":"C003–C012","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Classify loan, installment contract, merchandise account, mortgage, utility, medical, or other debt."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"MCLA payment receipt","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"MCLA payment receipt","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C003–C005","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Inspect actual receipt and payment method."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_selected_state_secondary_or_reused_primary_with_currentness_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"MCLA payment ledger","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"MCLA payment ledger","Status":"Answered as existence duty","Claim IDs":"C003–C007","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual consumer-access right beyond receipts unresolved."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_selected_state_secondary_or_reused_primary_with_currentness_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"MCLA record retention","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"MCLA record retention","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C006–C007","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Complete current rule body and entity files not reviewed."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_selected_state_secondary_or_reused_primary_with_currentness_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"MCLA statement on dispute","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"MCLA statement on dispute","Status":"No general process found","Claim IDs":"C001–C007","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Contract, MCPA, and federal analysis if collector covered."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"MCLA closure balance/itemization","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"MCLA closure balance/itemization","Status":"Qualified answered","Claim IDs":"C008","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Apply only to actual business closure."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_selected_state_secondary_or_reused_primary_with_currentness_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"MCLA ordinary transfer notice","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"MCLA ordinary transfer notice","Status":"Unresolved/not established","Claim IDs":"C008","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Search actual contract, license condition, and later rules."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Retail installment contract copy","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Retail installment contract copy","Status":"Answered at execution","Claim IDs":"C009","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Later production right beyond §236 unresolved."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Retail installment statement on request","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Retail installment statement on request","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C010–C011","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual holder, written request, and account type."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Retail statement response deadline","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Retail statement response deadline","Status":"Unresolved/no deadline in text","Claim IDs":"C011","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Contract or other law may supply timing."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Retail statement collection pause","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Retail statement collection pause","Status":"No pause established","Claim IDs":"C011","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Federal coverage separately."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Retail-merchandise periodic statement","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Retail-merchandise periodic statement","Status":"Answered narrowly","Claim IDs":"C012","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Confirm merchandise and late-charge predicates."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Medical account state statement duty","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Medical account state statement duty","Status":"Unresolved in this pass","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Sector-specific later pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Utility account state statement duty","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Utility account state statement duty","Status":"Unresolved in this pass","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"PSC and utility-sector later pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Mortgage periodic statements","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Mortgage periodic statements","Status":"Excluded except Reg F crossover","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Mortgage/Reg Z servicing pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC assignment notice","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC assignment notice","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C013","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Apply actual account/chattel paper/payment-intangible facts."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC reasonable proof of assignment","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC reasonable proof of assignment","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C014–C016","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Determine what proof is reasonable on actual transaction."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC proof response deadline","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC proof response deadline","Status":"“Seasonably,” exact date unresolved","Claim IDs":"C014","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual facts and UCC timeliness authority."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC consequence of no proof","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC consequence of no proof","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C015","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Payment-to-assignor option; no debt extinguishment."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Complete assignment chain","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Complete assignment chain","Status":"No universal prelitigation right established","Claim IDs":"C016, C039","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Litigation proof later."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC accounting","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC accounting","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C017–C018","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Apply statutory debtor/secured-party roles."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC buyer-of-accounts exclusion","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC buyer-of-accounts exclusion","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C019","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Other duties may still apply."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC accounting charge","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC accounting charge","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C020","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Track six-month request history."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC former-party successor information","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC former-party successor information","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C021","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual knowledge and prior interest required."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"UCC no-obligation release","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"UCC no-obligation release","Status":"Answered narrowly","Claim IDs":"C022","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Sale exclusion and actual secured obligations."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Montana electronic state requests","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Montana electronic state requests","Status":"Partial","Claim IDs":"C024","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Verify mutual electronic agreement and retainability."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Montana general deception law","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Montana general deception law","Status":"Answered as boundary","Claim IDs":"C025","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual statement, materiality, causation, and remedies later."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"FDCPA debt coverage","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"FDCPA debt coverage","Status":"Answered at gateway level","Claim IDs":"C026","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual personal/business purpose."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"FDCPA collector coverage","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"FDCPA collector coverage","Status":"Answered at gateway level","Claim IDs":"C026","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Original-creditor, buyer, servicer, attorney, affiliate facts."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Initial federal validation timing","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Initial federal validation timing","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C027","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual initial communication and payment status."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Validation content","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Validation content","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C027–C029","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Compare actual notice."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Itemization date","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Itemization date","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C028–C029, C042","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual reference date and source records."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Interest/fee authorization","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Interest/fee authorization","Status":"Excluded/unresolved","Claim IDs":"C029","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Contract and state substantive law."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Validation-period calculation","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Validation-period calculation","Status":"Answered in rule","Claim IDs":"C030–C032","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual provision/receipt dates and holidays required."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_Q002_prerequisite_correction_pending_UNSENT","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":["S_MT-P09-Q002"],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Returned mail","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Returned mail","Status":"Answered in rule","Claim IDs":"C032","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual undeliverable and resend facts."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_Q002_prerequisite_correction_pending_UNSENT","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":["S_MT-P09-Q002"],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Oral dispute","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Oral dispute","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C033","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Collector coverage and communication evidence."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_text_case_authority_and_application_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Written dispute","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Written dispute","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C034","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Timeliness and delivery evidence."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Electronic written dispute","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Electronic written dispute","Status":"Answered conditionally","Claim IDs":"C043–C044","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Confirm accepted electronic medium."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Original-creditor request","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Original-creditor request","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C037–C038","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Timeliness and same/different creditor facts."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Late dispute","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Late dispute","Status":"Answered as no §1692g(b) pause","Claim IDs":"C035–C036","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Other law may still apply."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Verification standard","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Verification standard","Status":"Answered at federal baseline","Claim IDs":"C039–C040","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual dispute specificity and false-information issues."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_text_case_authority_and_application_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Original signed contract","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Original signed contract","Status":"No universal federal requirement","Claim IDs":"C039","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Litigation, contract, or sector law later."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_text_case_authority_and_application_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Independent investigation","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Independent investigation","Status":"No universal §1692g duty","Claim IDs":"C039–C040","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Known inaccuracies and separate duties remain."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_text_case_authority_and_application_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Successor collector notice","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Successor collector notice","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C041–C042","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual collector status and initial communication."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_text_case_authority_and_application_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Transfer of prior dispute data","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Transfer of prior dispute data","Status":"Unresolved generally","Claim IDs":"C041–C042, C046","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Contract, furnishing, and successor knowledge later."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Duplicative disputes","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Duplicative disputes","Status":"Answered","Claim IDs":"C045","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Compare prior response and new material."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Electronic validation delivery","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Electronic validation delivery","Status":"Answered conditionally","Claim IDs":"C043–C044","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"E-SIGN consent and actual-notice facts."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Paper notice actual receipt","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Paper notice actual receipt","Status":"Partial","Claim IDs":"C030–C032, C050","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Sending, expected notice, returned mail, and assumed receipt."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_Q002_prerequisite_correction_pending_UNSENT","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":["S_MT-P09-Q002"],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Model Form B-1","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Model Form B-1","Status":"Answered as limited safe harbor","Claim IDs":"C048","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual modifications and optional fields."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Record retention","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Record retention","Status":"Answered federally and for MCLA","Claim IDs":"C006–C007, C046–C047","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual files and longer contractual retention held."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_selected_state_secondary_or_reused_primary_with_currentness_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Consumer access to retained Reg F records","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Consumer access to retained Reg F records","Status":"No universal access right established","Claim IDs":"C047","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Litigation discovery or other law later."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_scoped_with_limits_not_parent_accepted","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Overshadowing","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Overshadowing","Status":"Answered at federal rule/case level","Claim IDs":"C049","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Actual full communication and timeline."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_text_case_authority_and_application_holds","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Credit reporting after dispute","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Credit reporting after dispute","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"FCRA/Reg V/furnishing pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Identity-theft blocking","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Identity-theft blocking","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"FCRA identity-theft pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Lawsuit pleading proof","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Lawsuit pleading proof","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Collection-litigation/evidence pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Business-record admissibility","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Business-record admissibility","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Litigation/evidence pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Default judgment proof","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Default judgment proof","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Litigation/default pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Debt limitations and revival","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Debt limitations and revival","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Dedicated limitations pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Garnishment and execution","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Garnishment and execution","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Creditor-remedies pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Full damages/private remedies","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Full damages/private remedies","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Separate remedies pass."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Local and tribal documentation rules","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Local and tribal documentation rules","Status":"Excluded","Claim IDs":"—","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Jurisdiction-specific passes."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Actual provider/account compliance","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Actual provider/account compliance","Status":"Unresolved","Claim IDs":"C052","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Entity- and account-specific evidence required."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}},{"topic":"Comprehensive post-2025 Montana currentness","researcher_record":{"Assigned question":"Comprehensive post-2025 Montana currentness","Status":"Partial","Claim IDs":"All state claims","Exact remaining evidence or next action":"Later session, rulemaking, and judicial audit."},"coordinator_acceptance":"reviewed_existing_gap_or_exclusion_retained","coordinator_review":{"at":"2026-10-29T02:54:57.788093+00:00","review_file":"[internal evidence reference]","original_scope_and_next_action_preserved":true,"material_corrections":[],"all_claims_primary_accepted":false}}],"annotations":{},"corrections":[{"issue_id":"S_MT-P09-Q001","finding":"Example2 includesMCLAclosureC008 while its no-deadline/pause premise isC011. Example9 citesverification/falseamountC039/C040 and omitsdifferent-itemizationC042. Example10 includesunrelatedsuccessor-itemizationC042. Example11 citesduplicativeC045 instead oflate-disputeC036.","affected_claim_ids":[],"related_claim_ids":[],"validated_exact_raw_rows":[],"exact_original_cell_matches":[],"source_urls":[],"localization":"report_level_pending_localization_required","public_status":"Recorded correction pending; working-paper assertion requires the stated repair or qualification."},{"issue_id":"S_MT-P09-Q002","finding":"The returned-undeliverable replacement rule is stated categorically. The official interpretation conditions recalculation on the consumer not receiving the original validation notice and not otherwise receiving the required validation information. The second prerequisite is absent from narrative/Example6/C032.","affected_claim_ids":[],"related_claim_ids":[],"validated_exact_raw_rows":[],"exact_original_cell_matches":[],"source_urls":["https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1006/34/"],"localization":"report_level_pending_localization_required","public_status":"Recorded correction pending; working-paper assertion requires the stated repair or qualification."}],"resolved_corrections":[],"review_history":[{"id":"S_MT-P09-scoped-review-20261029","status":"reviewed_Q001_Q002_pending_UNSENT_with_source_application_holds","at":null}]}